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The anhydrous, hydrous and bitumen-extracted simulations were carried out for the immature source rocks from the Liaohe sag. It has been shown from the result that with increasing temperature in simulation experiments, the fatty acids content decreased at first and then increased. The decrease of fatty acids in immature rocks is presumably related to alkanes generation in immature oils, whilst the increase may be related to the fact that some additional fatty acids are generated from kerogen and the tightly bound fatty acids in kerogen are released as bound fatty acids in kerogen and unbound fatty acids in bitumen. The fact that the bitumen generated from kerogen contains fatty acids has demonstrated that some bound and tightly bound fatty acids in kerogen can be transferred into bitumen. The preferential fatty acids in the immature source rocks are found to be mono-carboxylic acids with longer chains, whilst krogen contains relatively more di-carboxylic acids. It has been found that the fatty acids in immature source rocks can be changed from that with more longer chains to that with more shorter chains when evolution extent has been increased. Based on simulation results and the fact that the majority of fatty acids in immature oils are those with longer chains, it is inferred that the contribution of fatty acids to forming alkanes in immature oils mainly takes place at the evolution stage withR 0

The Quaternary sediments of the Chiawobao basin in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, represented by cores from drill wells, were studied to understand their amino acids, fatty acids, sterols, steranes, terpanes and alkanes. As a result, it has been recognized that the organic matter in sediments were mainly derived from zooplankton and phytoplankton, as well as high plnat debris. During early diagenesis, the amino acid content had dropped sharply, and n-alkane with a low molecular weight had been generated from fatty acids through decarboxylic function, whereas sterols seemed to be more stable as compared with fatty acids, and the odd carbon preference in n-alkanes may have remained until the late diagenesis stage. The results from this study have provided valuable data for understanding the evolution of organic matter at the early diagenesis stage.