1. Fighting SARS-CoV-2 with green seaweed Ulva sp. extract: extraction protocol predetermines crude ulvan extract anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibition properties in in vitro Vero-E6 cells assay
- Author
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Michael Lishner, Arthur Robin, Alexander Golberg, Shai Shefer, Robert Bostwick, Michael Gozin, Alexander Chemodanov, Mario Lebendiker, and Lynn Rasmussen
- Subjects
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Algae ,Macroalgae ,Antiviral ,Cytotoxicity ,Cytopathic effect ,Sulfated polysaccharides ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,General Neuroscience ,Ulva sp ,Extraction (chemistry) ,fungi ,General Medicine ,Ammonium oxalate ,biology.organism_classification ,Seaweed ,In vitro ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Vero cell ,Medicine ,Composition (visual arts) ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to screen for novel compounds with antiviral activity against SARS-COV-2. Here we compared chemical composition and the in vitro anti- SARS-COV-2 activity of two different Ulva sp. crude ulvan extracts: one obtained by an HCl-based and another one by ammonium oxalate-based (AOx) extraction protocols. The composition of the crude extracts was analyzed and their antiviral activity was assessed in a cytopathic effect reduction assay using Vero E6 cells. We show that the extraction protocols have a significant impact on the chemical composition, anti- SARS-COV-2 activity, and cytotoxicity of these ulvan extracts. The ulvan extract based on the AOx protocol had a higher average molecular weight, higher charge, and 11.3-fold higher antiviral activity than HCl-based extract. Our results strongly suggest that further bioassay-guided investigation into bioactivity of compounds found in Ulva sp. ulvan extracts could lead to the discovery of novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 antivirals.
- Published
- 2021