1,091 results on '"Yan Dong"'
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2. Hot-Spot Stress Analyses of a T-Shaped Tubular Joint Subjected to Uniform, Grooving and Non-uniform Corrosion
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Lingsu Liu, Yan Dong, Haikun Yang, Minghui Xu, Xin Liu, Lei Zhang, and Yordan Garbatov
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fatigue ,grooving corrosion ,non-uniform corrosion ,hot-spot stress ,tubular joint ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The study aims to investigate the impact of uniform, grooving and non-uniform corrosion degradation on the hot-spot stresses of a T-shaped tubular joint using the finite element method. The through-thickness linearization method is employed to estimate the hot-spot stresses, allowing a more reasonable consideration of the effect of grooving corrosion and non-unform corrosion. The grooving corrosion degradation is modelled assuming that the corrosion rate of the weld metal is 1.4 times that of the base metal. The non-uniform corrosion is modelled by moving the nodes around the weld by a random distance along the direction perpendicular to the surface. The random distances are generated based on the surface roughness parameter Ra. The results indicate that the stress concentration factor (SCF) increases with the uniform corrosion depth. The grooving corroded tubular joint results in a higher SCF than those of the corresponding uniformly corroded tubular joint. The non-uniform corrosion can lead to SCF deviations from the SCF of the uniformly corroded tubular joint. The SCF deviation at the critical region follows the normal distribution, and its standard deviation increases with Ra.
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- 2024
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3. CMOS Scaling for the 5 nm Node and Beyond: Device, Process and Technology
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Henry H. Radamson, Yuanhao Miao, Ziwei Zhou, Zhenhua Wu, Zhenzhen Kong, Jianfeng Gao, Hong Yang, Yuhui Ren, Yongkui Zhang, Jiangliu Shi, Jinjuan Xiang, Hushan Cui, Bin Lu, Junjie Li, Jinbiao Liu, Hongxiao Lin, Haoqing Xu, Mengfan Li, Jiaji Cao, Chuangqi He, Xiangyan Duan, Xuewei Zhao, Jiale Su, Yong Du, Jiahan Yu, Yuanyuan Wu, Miao Jiang, Di Liang, Ben Li, Yan Dong, and Guilei Wang
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CMOS ,process integration ,nanoscale transistors ,FDSOI ,GAA ,TFET ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
After more than five decades, Moore’s Law for transistors is approaching the end of the international technology roadmap of semiconductors (ITRS). The fate of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) architecture has become increasingly unknown. In this era, 3D transistors in the form of gate-all-around (GAA) transistors are being considered as an excellent solution to scaling down beyond the 5 nm technology node, which solves the difficulties of carrier transport in the channel region which are mainly rooted in short channel effects (SCEs). In parallel to Moore, during the last two decades, transistors with a fully depleted SOI (FDSOI) design have also been processed for low-power electronics. Among all the possible designs, there are also tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs), which offer very low power consumption and decent electrical characteristics. This review article presents new transistor designs, along with the integration of electronics and photonics, simulation methods, and continuation of CMOS process technology to the 5 nm technology node and beyond. The content highlights the innovative methods, challenges, and difficulties in device processing and design, as well as how to apply suitable metrology techniques as a tool to find out the imperfections and lattice distortions, strain status, and composition in the device structures.
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- 2024
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4. An acidic medium‐compatible deep‐near‐infrared dye for in vivo imaging
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Yan Dong, Ye Zou, Xiaotong Jia, Lei Yin, Weiwei He, Xiao Luo, Xuhong Qian, and Youjun Yang
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acidic medium ,gastrointestinal tract ,In vivo imaging ,near infrared fluorophore ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract In vivo imaging in the deep near‐infrared (NIR) spectral region, that is, beyond 800 nm, has become popular due to its penetration depth. While imaging of the neutral medium/tissue has been repeatedly showcased, imaging of the high‐acidic medium remains challenging partly because of the high‐lying HOMO orbital and hence a high pKa of the electron‐donating group of the NIR fluorophores. We devised a novel electron‐donating group (D6) with which we further synthesized ECJ. ECJ exhibits an absorption wavelength beyond 900 nm and is fluorescent. Its pKa was found to be lower than zero, rendering it suitable for bioimaging of a highly‐acidic medium. Its potential for practical applications was showcased in proof‐of‐concept in vivo imaging with a mouse model.
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- 2023
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5. Effect of T-DNA Integration on Growth of Transgenic Populus × euramericana cv. Neva Underlying Field Stands
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Zijie Zhang, Yali Huang, Yan Dong, Yachao Ren, Kejiu Du, Jinmao Wang, and Minsheng Yang
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genetic transformation ,unintended effect ,Populus × euramericana cv. Neva ,safety assessment ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Multigene cotransformation has been widely used in the study of genetic improvement in crops and trees. However, little is known about the unintended effects and causes of multigene cotransformation in poplars. To gain insight into the unintended effects of T-DNA integration during multigene cotransformation in field stands, here, three lines (A1–A3) of Populus × euramericana cv. Neva (PEN) carrying Cry1Ac-Cry3A-BADH genes and three lines (B1–B3) of PEN carrying Cry1Ac-Cry3A-NTHK1 genes were used as research objects, with non-transgenic PEN as the control. Experimental stands were established at three common gardens in three locations and next generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify the insertion sites of exogenous genes in six transgenic lines. We compared the growth data of the transgenic and control lines for four consecutive years. The results demonstrated that the tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) of transgenic lines were significantly lower than those of the control, and the adaptability of transgenic lines in different locations varied significantly. The genotype and the experimental environment showed an interaction effect. A total of seven insertion sites were detected in the six transgenic lines, with B3 having a double-site insertion and the other lines having single copies. There are four insertion sites in the gene region and three insertion sites in the intergenic region. Analysis of the bases near the insertion sites showed that AT content was higher than the average chromosome content in four of the seven insertion sites within 1000 bp. Transcriptome analysis suggested that the differential expression of genes related to plant hormone transduction and lignin synthesis might be responsible for the slow development of plant height and DBH in transgenic lines. This study provides an integrated analysis of the unintended effects of transgenic poplar, which will benefit the safety assessment and reasonable application of genetically modified trees.
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- 2023
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6. Control Strategy of Synchronous Reluctance Motor Using Empirical Information Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller Considering Magnetic Saturation
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Jing Liang, Yan Dong, and Jie Jing
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synchronous reluctance motor ,magnetic saturation ,brain emotional learning based intelligent controller ,self-learning ,nonlinear ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) has significant nonlinear characteristics due to the problems of magnetic saturation and cross-coupling and the poor adaptability of the general controller to parameter changes seriously affects the control performance of the motor. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposed a control system for the SynRM with a brain emotion controller based on empirical information to solve the motor control problem of magnetic saturation. Firstly, the nonlinear mathematical model of the SynRM considering magnetic saturation is established by introducing the magnetic saturation parameter. Secondly, the sensory input function and emotional cue function based on systematic error are given and the vector control system of the SynRM considering magnetic saturation is designed. The influence of the parameters and the learning rate of the brain emotional learning based intelligent controller (EI-BELBIC) on the adjustment range of the controller parameters is studied. Then the SynRM is controlled under different working conditions and the control effect is observed. The results show that the designed vector control system of the SynRM based on EI-BELBIC has strong reliability, accurate control, rapid response, and strong anti-interference ability under magnetic saturation.
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- 2023
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7. Exploration of the Potential Mechanism of Faba Bean–Wheat Intercropping to Control Faba Bean Fusarium Wilt Due to Allelopathic Plant Extracts
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Yuting Guo, Jiaxing Lv, Yan Dong, and Kun Dong
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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8. Review of Ge(GeSn) and InGaAs Avalanche Diodes Operating in the SWIR Spectral Region
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Yuanhao Miao, Hongxiao Lin, Ben Li, Tianyu Dong, Chuangqi He, Junhao Du, Xuewei Zhao, Ziwei Zhou, Jiale Su, He Wang, Yan Dong, Bin Lu, Linpeng Dong, and Henry H. Radamson
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APDs ,PDs ,Ge(GeSn) ,InGaAs ,group IV ,LiDAR ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Among photodetectors, avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have an important place due to their excellent sensitivity to light. APDs transform photons into electrons and then multiply the electrons, leading to an amplified photocurrent. APDs are promising for faint light detection owing to this outstanding advantage, which will boost LiDAR applications. Although Si APDs have already been commercialized, their spectral region is very limited in many applications. Therefore, it is urgently demanded that the spectral region APDs be extended to the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region, which means better atmospheric transmission, a lower solar radiation background, a higher laser eye safety threshold, etc. Up until now, both Ge (GeSn) and InGaAs were employed as the SWIR absorbers. The aim of this review article is to provide a full understanding of Ge(GeSn) and InGaAs for PDs, with a focus on APD operation in the SWIR spectral region, which can be integrated onto the Si platform and is potentially compatible with CMOS technology.
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- 2023
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9. Protective Effects of Atractylodis lancea Rhizoma on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo
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Kun Shi, Yangxin Xiao, Yan Dong, Dongpeng Wang, Ying Xie, Jiyuan Tu, Kang Xu, Zhongshi Zhou, Guosheng Cao, and Yanju Liu
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acute lung injury ,ethanolic extract of Atractylodis rhizoma ,inflammatory response ,oxidative stress ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome caused by an excessive inflammatory response characterized by intractable hypoxemia both inside and outside the lung, for which effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. Atractylodis rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine, has excellent anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties in addition to protecting the integrity of the cellular barrier. However, few studies of Atractylodis rhizoma for the treatment of ALI have been published, and its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, the chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of Atractylodis rhizoma (EEAR) was initially clarified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after which it was studied in vivo using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI rat model. Treatment with EEAR significantly reduced the lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, neutrophil infiltration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) formation, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) depletion in rats with ALI, thereby improving lung barrier function and effectively reducing lung injury. In addition, EEAR significantly reduced histopathological changes, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors (such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)), and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing inflammation. In addition, EEAR was found to also reduce oxidative stress in ALI by upregulating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). EEAR also reduced LPS-induced inflammatory factor expression in THP-1 cells in vitro by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduced damage from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in THP-1 cells by promoting the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets HO-1 and NQO-1, the molecular mechanism of which was consistent with in vivo observations. Therefore, we conclude that EEAR attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways to alleviate LPS-induced ALI, suggesting that Atractylodis rhizoma is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of ALI.
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- 2022
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10. Monolithic Integration of O-Band InAs Quantum Dot Lasers with Engineered GaAs Virtual Substrate Based on Silicon
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Buqing Xu, Guilei Wang, Yong Du, Yuanhao Miao, Ben Li, Xuewei Zhao, Hongxiao Lin, Jiahan Yu, Jiale Su, Yan Dong, Tianchun Ye, and Henry H. Radamson
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Si photonics ,InAs/GaAs lasers ,epitaxial growth ,GaAs virtual substrate ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The realization of high-performance Si-based III-V quantum-dot (QD) lasers has long attracted extensive interest in optoelectronic circuits. This manuscript presents InAs/GaAs QD lasers integrated on an advanced GaAs virtual substrate. The GaAs layer was originally grown on Ge as another virtual substrate on Si wafer. No patterned substrate or sophisticated superlattice defect-filtering layer was involved. Thanks to the improved quality of the comprehensively modified GaAs crystal with low defect density, the room temperature emission wavelength of this laser was allocated at 1320 nm, with a threshold current density of 24.4 A/cm−2 per layer and a maximum single-facet output power reaching 153 mW at 10 °C. The maximum operation temperature reaches 80 °C. This work provides a feasible and promising proposal for the integration of an efficient O-band laser with a standard Si platform in the near future.
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- 2022
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11. Flux-Barrier Design and Torque Performance Analysis of Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Low Torque Ripple
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Jing Liang, Yan Dong, Hexu Sun, Rongzhe Liu, and Guantong Zhu
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synchronous reluctance motor ,magnetic equivalent circuit ,air-gap flux density ,harmonic ,torque ripple ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In this paper, an improved rotor structure with cross-shaped flux-barriers was proposed to improve the torque output capacity and reduce the torque ripple of the synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). Firstly, an improved rotor structure of synchronous reluctance motor with cross-shaped flux-barriers, which can be described by two main parameters, is presented. Second, the improved motor is qualitatively analyzed by using magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC), and then the effects of the main parameters of the improved flux-barriers on the distribution of air-gap flux density, average torque, and torque ripple were analyzed by using the finite element method. Based on the above analysis, the rotor structure parameters of the proposed cross-shaped flux-barriers were obtained, and the performance was compared with that of the initial motor. The results show that the proposed rotor structure with cross-shaped flux-barriers can significantly reduce the torque ripple and increase the average torque.
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- 2022
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12. Review of Highly Mismatched III-V Heteroepitaxy Growth on (001) Silicon
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Yong Du, Buqing Xu, Guilei Wang, Yuanhao Miao, Ben Li, Zhenzhen Kong, Yan Dong, Wenwu Wang, and Henry H. Radamson
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III-V on Si ,heteroepitaxy ,threading dislocation densities (TDDs) ,anti-phase boundaries (APBs) ,selective epitaxial growth (SEG) ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Si-based group III-V material enables a multitude of applications and functionalities of the novel optoelectronic integration chips (OEICs) owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties and compatibility with the mature Si CMOS process technology. To achieve high performance OEICs, the crystal quality of the group III-V epitaxial layer plays an extremely vital role. However, there are several challenges for high quality group III-V material growth on Si, such as a large lattice mismatch, highly thermal expansion coefficient difference, and huge dissimilarity between group III-V material and Si, which inevitably leads to the formation of high threading dislocation densities (TDDs) and anti-phase boundaries (APBs). In view of the above-mentioned growth problems, this review details the defects formation and defects suppression methods to grow III-V materials on Si substrate (such as GaAs and InP), so as to give readers a full understanding on the group III-V hetero-epitaxial growth on Si substrates. Based on the previous literature investigation, two main concepts (global growth and selective epitaxial growth (SEG)) were proposed. Besides, we highlight the advanced technologies, such as the miscut substrate, multi-type buffer layer, strain superlattice (SLs), and epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO), to decrease the TDDs and APBs. To achieve high performance OEICs, the growth strategy and development trend for group III-V material on Si platform were also emphasized.
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- 2022
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13. Review of Si-Based GeSn CVD Growth and Optoelectronic Applications
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Yuanhao Miao, Guilei Wang, Zhenzhen Kong, Buqing Xu, Xuewei Zhao, Xue Luo, Hongxiao Lin, Yan Dong, Bin Lu, Linpeng Dong, Jiuren Zhou, Jinbiao Liu, and Henry H. Radamson
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GeSn ,CVD ,lasers ,detectors ,transistors ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
GeSn alloys have already attracted extensive attention due to their excellent properties and wide-ranging electronic and optoelectronic applications. Both theoretical and experimental results have shown that direct bandgap GeSn alloys are preferable for Si-based, high-efficiency light source applications. For the abovementioned purposes, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), physical vapour deposition (PVD), and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technologies have been extensively explored to grow high-quality GeSn alloys. However, CVD is the dominant growth method in the industry, and it is therefore more easily transferred. This review is focused on the recent progress in GeSn CVD growth (including ion implantation, in situ doping technology, and ohmic contacts), GeSn detectors, GeSn lasers, and GeSn transistors. These review results will provide huge advancements for the research and development of high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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- 2021
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14. Strain Modulation of Selectively and/or Globally Grown Ge Layers
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Yong Du, Guilei Wang, Yuanhao Miao, Buqing Xu, Ben Li, Zhenzhen Kong, Jiahan Yu, Xuewei Zhao, Hongxiao Lin, Jiale Su, Jianghao Han, Jinbiao Liu, Yan Dong, Wenwu Wang, and Henry H. Radamson
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Ge ,compressive ,tensile ,selective epitaxial growth (SEG) ,strain ,RPCVD ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This article presents a novel method to grow a high-quality compressive-strain Ge epilayer on Si using the selective epitaxial growth (SEG) applying the RPCVD technique. The procedures are composed of a global growth of Ge layer on Si followed by a planarization using CMP as initial process steps. The growth parameters of the Ge layer were carefully optimized and after cycle-annealing treatments, the threading dislocation density (TDD) was reduced to 3 × 107 cm−2. As a result of this process, a tensile strain of 0.25% was induced, whereas the RMS value was as low as 0.81 nm. Later, these substrates were covered by an oxide layer and patterned to create trenches for selective epitaxy growth (SEG) of the Ge layer. In these structures, a type of compressive strain was formed in the SEG Ge top layer. The strain amount was −0.34%; meanwhile, the TDD and RMS surface roughness were 2 × 106 cm−2 and 0.68 nm, respectively. HRXRD and TEM results also verified the existence of compressive strain in selectively grown Ge layer. In contrast to the tensile strained Ge layer (globally grown), enhanced PL intensity by a factor of more than 2 is partially due to the improved material quality. The significantly high PL intensity is attributed to the improved crystalline quality of the selectively grown Ge layer. The change in direct bandgap energy of PL was observed, owing to the compressive strain introduced. Hall measurement shows that a selectively grown Ge layer possesses room temperature hole mobility up to 375 cm2/Vs, which is approximately 3 times larger than that of the Ge (132 cm2/Vs). Our work offers fundamental guidance for the growth of high-quality and compressive strain Ge epilayer on Si for future Ge-based optoelectronics integration applications.
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- 2021
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15. Investigation of the Heteroepitaxial Process Optimization of Ge Layers on Si (001) by RPCVD
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Yong Du, Zhenzhen Kong, Muhammet S. Toprak, Guilei Wang, Yuanhao Miao, Buqing Xu, Jiahan Yu, Ben Li, Hongxiao Lin, Jianghao Han, Yan Dong, Wenwu Wang, and Henry H. Radamson
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Ge ,optimization ,parameter ,threading dislocation ,strain ,RPCVD ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This work presents the growth of high-quality Ge epilayers on Si (001) substrates using a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition (RPCVD) chamber. Based on the initial nucleation, a low temperature high temperature (LT-HT) two-step approach, we systematically investigate the nucleation time and surface topography, influence of a LT-Ge buffer layer thickness, a HT-Ge growth temperature, layer thickness, and high temperature thermal treatment on the morphological and crystalline quality of the Ge epilayers. It is also a unique study in the initial growth of Ge epitaxy; the start point of the experiments includes Stranski–Krastanov mode in which the Ge wet layer is initially formed and later the growth is developed to form nuclides. Afterwards, a two-dimensional Ge layer is formed from the coalescing of the nuclides. The evolution of the strain from the beginning stage of the growth up to the full Ge layer has been investigated. Material characterization results show that Ge epilayer with 400 nm LT-Ge buffer layer features at least the root mean square (RMS) value and it’s threading dislocation density (TDD) decreases by a factor of 2. In view of the 400 nm LT-Ge buffer layer, the 1000 nm Ge epilayer with HT-Ge growth temperature of 650 °C showed the best material quality, which is conducive to the merging of the crystals into a connected structure eventually forming a continuous and two-dimensional film. After increasing the thickness of Ge layer from 900 nm to 2000 nm, Ge surface roughness decreased first and then increased slowly (the RMS value for 1400 nm Ge layer was 0.81 nm). Finally, a high-temperature annealing process was carried out and high-quality Ge layer was obtained (TDD=2.78 × 107 cm−2). In addition, room temperature strong photoluminescence (PL) peak intensity and narrow full width at half maximum (11 meV) spectra further confirm the high crystalline quality of the Ge layer manufactured by this optimized process. This work highlights the inducing, increasing, and relaxing of the strain in the Ge buffer and the signature of the defect formation.
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- 2021
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16. State of the Art and Future Perspectives in Advanced CMOS Technology
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Henry H. Radamson, Huilong Zhu, Zhenhua Wu, Xiaobin He, Hongxiao Lin, Jinbiao Liu, Jinjuan Xiang, Zhenzhen Kong, Wenjuan Xiong, Junjie Li, Hushan Cui, Jianfeng Gao, Hong Yang, Yong Du, Buqing Xu, Ben Li, Xuewei Zhao, Jiahan Yu, Yan Dong, and Guilei Wang
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CMOS ,process integration ,nano-scale transistors ,epitaxy ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The international technology roadmap of semiconductors (ITRS) is approaching the historical end point and we observe that the semiconductor industry is driving complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) further towards unknown zones. Today’s transistors with 3D structure and integrated advanced strain engineering differ radically from the original planar 2D ones due to the scaling down of the gate and source/drain regions according to Moore’s law. This article presents a review of new architectures, simulation methods, and process technology for nano-scale transistors on the approach to the end of ITRS technology. The discussions cover innovative methods, challenges and difficulties in device processing, as well as new metrology techniques that may appear in the near future.
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- 2020
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17. Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis of Wind Power Converter Using Variational Mode Decomposition, Trend Feature Analysis and Deep Belief Network
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Jingxuan Zhang, Hexu Sun, Zexian Sun, Yan Dong, and Weichao Dong
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power converter ,fault diagnosis ,intelligent algorithm ,variational mode decomposition ,deep belief network ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The power converter is a significant device in a wind power system. The wind turbine will be shut down and off grid immediately with the occurrence of the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module open-circuit fault of the power converter, which will seriously impact the stability of grid and even threaten personal safety. However, in the existing diagnosis strategies for the power converter there are few single and double IGBT module open-circuit fault diagnosis methods producing negative results, including erroneous judgment, omissive judgment and low accuracy. In this paper, a novel method to diagnose the single and double IGBT modules open-circuit faults of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbine grid-side converter (GSC) is proposed: Primarily, by collecting the three-phase current varying with a wind speed of 22 states, including a normal state and 21 failure states of PMSG wind turbine GSC as the original signal data. Afterward, the original signal data are decomposed by using variational mode decomposition (VMD) to obtain the mode coefficient series, which are analyzed by the proposed method base on fault trend feature for extracting the trend feature vectors. Finally, the trend feature vectors are utilized as the input of the deep belief network (DBN) for decision-making and obtaining the classification results. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can diagnose the single and double IGBT modules open-circuit faults of GSC, and the accuracy is higher than the benchmark models.
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- 2020
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18. Physalin B Suppresses Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 Cells by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling
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Yanjun Yang, Lang Yi, Qing Wang, Bingbing Xie, Congwei Sha, and Yan Dong
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Physalin B from Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) is a naturally occurring secosteroid with multiple biological activities. But its anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism remain unclear. Physalin B effects on RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were observed in this study. The expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by LPS were significantly inhibited by physalin B. Meanwhile, the NF-κB nuclear translocation induced by LPS was inhibited by physalin B. The anti-inflammatory effects of physalin B could not be inhibited by mifepristone (RU486), the blocker of glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, physalin B can suppress inflammatory response to LPS in macrophages by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines via NF-κB signaling.
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- 2018
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19. Synthesis of the Macrolactone Cores of Maltepolides via a Diene–Ene Ring-Closing Metathesis Strategy
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Lars Eric Bendel, Man Ki Sit, Hui Hui Cao, Wei-Min Dai, Wen Zhang, Tsz Chun Yip, and Yan-Dong Wu
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Double bond ,Diene ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Epoxide ,Total synthesis ,Conjugated system ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ring-closing metathesis ,chemistry ,Biosynthesis ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Ene reaction - Abstract
Synthesis of the C19-truncated maltepolide E has been accomplished via a diene–ene RCM strategy without damage to the C11–C14 alkenyl epoxy unit. Upon release of the C17-OH group, it attacked at the C14 position with double bond migration and epoxide ring-opening to furnish the C19-truncated maltepolide A and B as proposed for the biosynthesis of maltepolides. Preliminary cytotoxicity data of the synthesized C19-truncated maltepolides against L929 mouse fibroblast cell line suggest irrelevance of the vinyl epoxide and importance of the conjugated dienyl keto unit for the observed anticancer activity.
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- 2023
20. Wheat and faba bean intercropping changes phenolic acids from roots to rhizosphere
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Jingxiu Xiao, Ying-an Zhu, Xinhua Yin, Yi Zheng, Li Tang, and Yan Dong
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Rhizosphere ,Ecology ,biology ,Chemistry ,food and beverages ,Intercropping ,Interspecific competition ,biology.organism_classification ,Coumaric acid ,Horticulture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Point of delivery ,Vanillic acid ,Transplanting ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Allelopathy - Abstract
The changed phenolic acids (PAs) allelochemicals exuded by the roots induced by interspecific interactions is related to intercropping alleviates soil-borne disease. However, the presence of PAs in roots and root exudations and their rhizodeposition under intercropping are still unclear. Hydroponic and soil experiments of wheat, faba bean, and wheat intercropped with faba bean were conducted, and the major compositions and contents of PAs in roots, root exudations, and rhizospheric soil were determined. The results showed that ρ-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, and syringic acids were the major components of PAs in roots, root exudations, and rhizospheric soil in a wheat and faba bean intercropping system. The compositions and percentages of PAs in roots of faba bean were altered when faba bean intercropped with wheat. The total exudation rate of PAs in root exudations was decreased by 30%–60% under the wheat and faba bean intercropping (W//F) system as compared to mono-cropped faba bean (MF). ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid was identified in the root exudation of both MF and mono-cropped wheat (MW), but not detected in the intercropping on 60 days after transplanting. Vanillic acid was only detected in the root exudation of MF on 30 days after transplanting. The rhizodepostion of vanillic and cumaric acid were decreased at both branching and pod setting stages in W//F as compared to MF. In conclusion, interspecific interaction changed the compositions and contents of PAs in faba bean roots and root exudations. W//F constrained vanillic acid exuded by roots and decreased vanillic and coumaric acid rhizodeposition by faba bean, which provides insight into root-soil interactions in the intercropping systems.
- Published
- 2023
21. Chiral LVFFARK enantioselectively inhibits amyloid-β protein fibrillogenesis
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Xueting Sun, Yan Sun, Xiao-Yan Dong, and Wei Liu
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Environmental Engineering ,Amyloid ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Peptide ,Fibrillogenesis ,General Chemistry ,Protein aggregation ,Biochemistry ,Biophysics ,Viability assay ,Enantiomer ,Cytotoxicity ,Chirality (chemistry) - Abstract
The modulation of protein aggregation is involved not only in biochemical engineering processes, but also in in vivo biological events such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that features amyloid-β protein (Aβ) deposits. Inspired by the different pharmacological efficacy of enantiomers, taking heptapeptide LVFFARK (LK7) as an example, herein the chiral influence of peptide inhibitors on Aβ fibrillogenesis and cytotoxicity was investigated by extensive biophysical and biological analyses. It was intriguing to find that although both L- LK7 and D- LK7 could inhibit Aβ aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner, it was the d- enantiomer that exhibited chirality preference and selectivity for modulation of Aβ self-assembly. As compared with L- LK7 at the same conditions, D- LK7 showed significantly enhanced potency on suppressing cross-β sheet formation, fibrillar Aβ aggregates deposition, Aβ conformational transition, and Aβ-triggered neurotoxicity on cultured cells. For instance, L- LK7 and D- LK7 rescued cells by increasing cell viability from 60% to 62% and 84% at 100 μmol·L−1, respectively. The chiral discrimination of L-LK7 and D- LK7 was further validated by the different elimination efficiency on amyloid accumulation in AD model nematodes. It is considered that the higher binding affinity of D- LK7 to Aβ monomers than that of L- LK7 resulted in the stronger inhibition effect. This work provided new insights into understanding chirality in the interaction with Aβ and the consequent inhibitory effect, and would contribute to the design of anti-amyloid agents.
- Published
- 2022
22. Conjugation of a zwitterionic polymer with dimethyl chains to lipase significantly increases the enzyme activity and stability
- Author
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Yan Sun, Chunyu Zhang, and Xiao-Yan Dong
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,biology ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Michaelis–Menten kinetics ,Enzyme assay ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Zwitterion ,biology.protein ,Side chain ,Enzyme kinetics ,Lipase ,Thermostability ,Conjugate - Abstract
Enzyme-polymer conjugates are complex molecules with great practical significance. This work was designed to develop a novel enzyme-polymer conjugate by covalently coupling a zwitterionic polymer with side dimethyl chains (pID) to Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) via the reaction between the anhydrides of polymer chains with the amino groups of the enzyme. The resulting two CRL-pID conjugates with different pID grafting densities were investigated in term of the catalytic activity, stability and structural changes. In comparison with native CRL, both the CRL conjugates displayed 2.2 times higher activity than the native enzyme, and showed an increase in the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) and a decrease in the Michaelis constant (Km), thus resulting in about three-fold increases in the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km). These are mainly attributed to the activation of lipase by the hydrophobic alky side chains. Moreover, the thermostability and pH tolerance of the lipase conjugates were significantly enhanced due to the stabilizing effect of the zwitterion moieties. For instance, a five-fold increase of the enzyme half-life at 50 oC for the high-pID conjugated CRL was observed. Spectroscopic studies reveal that the pID conjugation protected the enzyme in the changes in its microenvironment and conformation, well correlating with enhanced activity and stability of lipase conjugates. The findings indicate that enzyme conjugation to the zwitterionic polymer is promising for improving enzyme performance and deserves further development.
- Published
- 2022
23. Insights into the cross-amyloid aggregation of Aβ40 and its N-terminal truncated peptide Aβ11-40 affected by epigallocatechin gallate
- Author
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Yan Sun, Wenjuan Wang, Yue Liang, and Xiao-Yan Dong
- Subjects
Gene isoform ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Environmental Engineering ,Amyloid ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Peptide ,Isothermal titration calorimetry ,General Chemistry ,Epigallocatechin gallate ,Biochemistry ,Small molecule ,Hydrophobic effect ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biophysics ,Protein folding - Abstract
Inhibition of protein misfolding and aggregation is a great challenge in the field of biochemical and biopharmaceutical engineering. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a protein-misfolding disease, and the interactions between 40-amino-acid-residue β-amyloid peptide (Aβ40) and its N-terminal truncated peptide Aβ11-40 demonstrate that Aβ11-40 may play an important role in the pathological process of AD. However, the effect of inhibitors on Aβ11-40 aggregation and on the cross-amyloid aggregation (co-assembly) between Aβ40 and Aβ11-40 has never been studied. Herein, coaggregation and seeding interactions between Aβ40 and Aβ11-40 as well as the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a small molecule inhibitor, on the cross-amyloid aggregation have been investigated by extensive analyses. It is found that Aβ11-40 participates in the aggregation of Aβ40 and leads to the formation of coaggregates that contain less β-sheet structures than pure Aβ40 aggregates. The aggregation kinetics along with morphologies and secondary structures of the coaggregates are also significantly affected by the Aβ40/Aβ11-40 ratio. EGCG accelerates the nucleation of Aβ40 but retards that of Aβ11-40 by affecting their elongation and secondary nucleation processes in solution and on solid surfaces. Meanwhile, EGCG makes the conformations of the seeding-induced Aβ aggregates more compact, especially for the homologous seedings. Isothermal titration calorimetry measurement indicates that hydrophobic interactions mainly contribute to the inhibition of the two Aβ isoforms by EGCG. The findings of this research have provided new insights into Aβ aggregation and the effect of an important inhibitor and the results would benefit in the development of potent inhibitors against co-assembly of different amyloid proteins.
- Published
- 2022
24. Engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies ameliorate myocardial infarction by promoting macrophage efferocytosis and inflammation resolution
- Author
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Geng Dou, Xin Chen, Lili Bao, Siying Liu, Feng Ding, Shiyu Liu, Jun Zhou, Bei Li, Ran Tian, Ruifeng Zhao, Lu Zhao, Yan Jin, Yan Dong, Lin Weng, and Yajie Lv
- Subjects
Inflammation ,Chemistry ,Neutrophils ,QH301-705.5 ,Regeneration (biology) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Apoptotic body ,Article ,Cell biology ,Biomaterials ,Myocardial infarction ,Engineering ,In vivo ,Apoptosis ,medicine ,TA401-492 ,Macrophage ,Apoptotic bodies ,medicine.symptom ,Biology (General) ,Efferocytosis ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,Intracellular ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Inflammatory response plays a critical role in myocardial infarction (MI) repair. The neutrophil apoptosis and subsequent macrophage ingestion can result in inflammation resolution and initiate regeneration, while the therapeutic strategy that simulates and enhances this natural process has not been established. Here, we constructed engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies (eNABs) to simulate natural neutrophil apoptosis, which regulated inflammation response and enhanced MI repair. The eNABs were fabricated by combining natural neutrophil apoptotic body membrane which has excellent inflammation-tropism and immunoregulatory properties, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with hexyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride (HAL). The eNABs actively targeted to macrophages and the encapsulated HAL simultaneously initiated the biosynthesis pathway of heme to produce anti-inflammatory bilirubin after intracellular release, thereby further enhancing the anti-inflammation effects. In in vivo studies, the eNABs efficiently modulated inflammation responses in the infarcted region to ameliorate cardiac function. This study demonstrates an effective biomimetic construction strategy to regulate macrophage functions for MI repair., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • Construction of engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies to simulate natural neutrophil apoptosis. • Engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies with excellent inflammation-tropism and macrophage-specific targeting capacity. • Engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies enhance macrophage efferocytosis and reprogramming for inflammation resolution. • Engineered neutrophil apoptotic bodies ameliorate myocardial infarction and promote cardiac tissue regeneration after MI.
- Published
- 2022
25. Analysis of biomimetic hierarchical porous structure regulating radiation field to improve solar thermochemical performance based on minimum Gibbs free energy
- Author
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Xinping Zhang, Xuhang Shi, Yan Dong, Ziming Cheng, Fuqiang Wang, and Yimeng Xun
- Subjects
Materials science ,Methane reformer ,Field (physics) ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Thermodynamics ,Thermodynamic temperature ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Solar energy ,Methane ,Gibbs free energy ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Physics::Space Physics ,symbols ,Energy transformation ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,business - Abstract
Solar energy is the source of energy required for the dry methane reforming (DMR). In the high temperature field induced by concentrated solar energy, the spatial distribution of radiation intensity has a significant impact on the solar thermochemical performance. Based on principle of minimum Gibbs free energy (Gmin), the idea of regulating radiation field to match solar thermochemical energy conversion on-demand is proposed. To improve solar thermochemical conversion efficiency, biomimetic hierarchical porous structure is introduced as solar thermochemical reactor, which can optimize both the radiation field and temperature field. The analysis model of solar driven DRM is established, combined with user-defined functions (UDFs). The effects of pore diameter combinations along the direction of L and R on the reforming properties are studied. The results show that by designing biomimetic hierarchical porous structure, the temperature of solar thermochemical reactor can approach the thermodynamic temperature (1050 K), and finally the methane conversion is improved by up to 7%.
- Published
- 2022
26. Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene with a combined additive of SiC and Fe
- Author
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Yan Dong, Shouyan Chen, Zhanlong Song, Maofeng Nie, Cheng Zhao, and Yuzhong Li
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Amorphous carbon ,Chemical engineering ,Chemistry ,Chlorobenzene ,General Chemical Engineering ,Radical ,Degradation (geology) ,General Chemistry ,Graphite ,Hexachlorobenzene ,Benzene ,Iron powder - Abstract
Mechanochemical treatment (MTC) with SiC as an additive possessed a good performance on the degradation of hexachlorobenzene (HCB). However, this method consumed the additive of SiC and generated a toxic product of CCl4. This work attempted to add another additive, iron powder, to the MCT and explored the performance of the combined additive of SiC + Fe to solve this problem. Result indicated that CCl4 was not produced and SiC was not consumed when Fe was added in proper proportion. Compared with the single additive of SiC, the addition of Fe can further accelerate the degradation of HCB. The reaction pathway was proposed as: HCB can be mostly dechlorinated after a duration of MCT, and only trace-level low chlorobenzenes were generated under the effect of the combined additive. The left benzene skeletons can be broken to produce graphite and amorphous carbon. The shedding Cl radicals preferentially reacted with Fe to form FeCl3, and the reaction between Cl radicals and SiC and its toxic products can be avoided. Free electrons generated from the additive of SiC, fast reaction between Cl and Fe, and sparks in the MCT were considered the potential factors to accelerate the HCB degradation in MCT.
- Published
- 2022
27. Immobilization of Escherichia coli cells harboring a nitrilase with improved catalytic properties though polyethylenemine-induced silicification on zeolite
- Author
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Ya-Ping Xue, Zi-qi Li, Neng Xiong, Dong Xie, Yan Dong, and Yu-Guo Zheng
- Subjects
medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Nitrilase ,Catalysis ,Hydrolysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Biotransformation ,Aminohydrolases ,Biomimetics ,Structural Biology ,Escherichia coli ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Cells, Immobilized ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Enzymes, Immobilized ,Silicon Dioxide ,Glutaral ,Yield (chemistry) ,Biocatalysis ,Zeolites ,Glutaraldehyde ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In the chemical-biological synthesis route of gabapentin, immobilized Escherichia coli cells harboring nitrilase are used to catalyze the biotransformation of intermediate 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetonitile to 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetic acid. Herein, we present a novel cell immobilization method, which is based on cell adsorption using 75 g/L Escherichia coli cells and 6 g/L zeolite, cell crosslinking using 3 g/L polyethylenemine and biomimetic silicification using 18 g/L hydrolyzed tetramethylorthosilicate. The constructed “hybrid biomimetic silica particles (HBSPs)” with core-shell structure showed a specific activity of 147.2 ± 2.3 U/g, 82.6 ± 2.8% recovery of nitrilase activity and a half-life of 19.1 ± 1.9 h at 55 °C. 1-Cyanocyclohexaneacetonitrile (1.0 M) could be completely hydrolyzed by 50 g/L of HBSPs at pH 7.5, 35 °C in 4 h, providing 92.1 ± 3.2% yield of 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetic acid. In batch reactions, the HBSPs could be reused for 13 cycles and maintained 79.9 ± 4.1% residual activity after the 10th batch, providing an average product yield of 92.6% in the first 10 batches with a productivity of 619.3 g/L/day. In addition, multi-layer structures consisting of silica coating and polyethylenemine/glutaraldehyde crosslinking were constructed to enhance the mechanical strength of immobilized cells, and the effects of coating layers on the catalytic properties of immobilized cells was discussed.
- Published
- 2021
28. Fabrication of Twin-Free Ultrathin NH2-MIL-125(Ti) Membrane with c-Preferred Orientation Using Transition-Metal Trichalcogenides as Titanium Source
- Author
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Chenhan Zhang, Huixia Luo, Yanwei Sun, Feng-Yen Shih, Yan Dong, Shi-Hsin Lin, Yuyang Wu, and Yi Liu
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Membrane ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Transition metal ,General Chemical Engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Materials Science ,Orientation (graph theory) ,Composite material ,Titanium - Published
- 2021
29. I2/CuCl2-Copromoted Formal [4 + 1 + 1] Cyclization of Methyl Ketones, 2-Aminobenzonitriles, and Ammonium Acetate: Direct Access to 2-Acyl-4-aminoquinazolines
- Author
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Li-Sheng Wang, Yan-Dong Wu, Xiao-Xiao Yu, Chun Huang, You Zhou, and An-Xin Wu
- Subjects
Reaction conditions ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Functional group ,Organic chemistry ,Ammonium acetate ,Methyl group - Abstract
We herein report an I2/CuCl2-copromoted diamination of C(sp3)-H bonds for the preparation of 2-acyl-4-aminoquinazolines from methyl ketones, 2-aminobenzonitriles, and ammonium acetate. This reaction features operational simplicity, commercially available substrates, mild reaction conditions, and good functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies indicate that CuCl2 plays a pivotal role in this transformation. This study uses a methyl group as a novel input to construct 2-acyl-4-aminoquinazoline derivatives for the first time.
- Published
- 2021
30. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)–H/C(sp3)–H Cross-Coupling Reaction of 3-Methylbenzo[c]isoxazoles with Methyl Ketones: Access to Indigoid Analogues
- Author
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Yong-Xing Tang, An-Xin Wu, Xiang-Long Chen, Yan-Dong Wu, and Shi-Yi Zhuang
- Subjects
Nucleophilic addition ,Chemistry ,Atom economy ,Organic Chemistry ,Intermolecular force ,Copper catalyzed ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Ring (chemistry) ,Medicinal chemistry ,Coupling reaction - Abstract
A copper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)-H/C(sp3)-H cross-coupling reaction of methyl ketones and 3-methylbenzo[c]isoxazoles has been developed for the direct synthesis of 3-oxoindolin-2-ylidene derivatives. This process involves an intermolecular nucleophilic addition/ring-opening/aza-Michael addition cascade, providing indigoid analogues with high atom economy and as single isomers exclusively under mild conditions.
- Published
- 2021
31. ABHD5 inhibits YAP-induced c-Met overexpression and colon cancer cell stemness via suppressing YAP methylation
- Author
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Chi Zhang, Shuang Wu, Jiangyi He, Yue Zhang, Yifei Li, Yang Zhao, Ganfeng Xie, Chengxiang Liu, Yunlong Wang, Yanrong Chen, Qi Zhou, Hongwei Wang, Houjie Liang, Xiaoxin Zhao, Yan Dong, Kaicheng Shen, Jun Tan, Yan Gu, Liting Wang, Wenling Zheng, Juanjuan Ou, and Lai Wei
- Subjects
Male ,C-Met ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Mice, SCID ,Methylation ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Histone H3 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Targeted therapies ,Mice, Inbred NOD ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Histone methylation ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,neoplasms ,Mice, Knockout ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Triazines ,Methyltransferase complex ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,YAP-Signaling Proteins ,General Chemistry ,1-Acylglycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ,HCT116 Cells ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,digestive system diseases ,Colon cancer ,Chromatin ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Histone ,Pyrazines ,Colonic Neoplasms ,Neoplastic Stem Cells ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Colorectal Neoplasms - Abstract
Cancer stemness represents a major source of development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). c-Met critically contributes to CRC stemness, but how c-Met is activated in CRC remains elusive. We previously identified the lipolytic factor ABHD5 as an important tumour suppressor gene in CRC. Here, we show that loss of ABHD5 promotes c-Met activation to sustain CRC stemness in a non-canonical manner. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ABHD5 interacts in the cytoplasm with the core subunit of the SET1A methyltransferase complex, DPY30, thereby inhibiting the nuclear translocation of DPY30 and activity of SET1A. In the absence of ABHD5, DPY30 translocates to the nucleus and supports SET1A-mediated methylation of YAP and histone H3, which sequesters YAP in the nucleus and increases chromatin accessibility to synergistically promote YAP-induced transcription of c-Met, thus promoting the stemness of CRC cells. This study reveals a novel role of ABHD5 in regulating histone/non-histone methylation and CRC stemness., This study reveals an unrecognized role of ABHD5 in regulating colon cancer stemness via controlling YAP methylation and nuclear localization, further explaining the molecular mechanism through which ABHD5 functions as a tumour suppressor gene in colon cancer.
- Published
- 2021
32. T cell-depleting nanoparticles ameliorate bone loss by reducing activated T cells and regulating the Treg/Th17 balance
- Author
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Siying Liu, Pingyun Yuan, Xuemei Liu, Jun Zhou, Yan Jin, Ying Han, Zhihong Deng, Yajie Lv, Fuxing Zhou, Xin Chen, Yan Dong, Xiangdong Wang, Geng Dou, Shiyu Liu, Xiaoshan Yang, and Ronghua Jin
- Subjects
Regulatory T cell ,QH301-705.5 ,T cell ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Activated T cell ,Fas ligand ,Article ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Immune tolerance ,Biomaterials ,Immune system ,medicine ,Macrophage ,Biology (General) ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,Chemistry ,Monocyte ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020601 biomedical engineering ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Apoptotic extracellular vesicles ,Cancer research ,TA401-492 ,Nanoparticles ,Osteoporosis ,0210 nano-technology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Estrogen deficiency is one of the most frequent causes of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Under chronic inflammatory conditions caused by estrogen deficiency, activated T cells contribute to elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, impaired osteogenic differentiation capabilities of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), and disturbed regulatory T cell (Treg)/Th17 cell balance. However, therapeutic strategies that re-establish immune homeostasis in this disorder have not been well developed. Here, we produced T cell-depleting nanoparticles (TDNs) that ameliorated the osteopenia phenotype and rescued the osteogenic deficiency of BMMSCs in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. TDNs consist of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)-encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as the core and Fas-ligand (FasL) as the corona. We showed that the delicate design of the TDNs enables rapid release of MCP-1 to recruit activated T cells and then induces their apoptosis through the conjugated FasL both in vitro and in vivo. Apoptotic signals recognized by macrophages help skew the Treg/Th17 cell balance and create an immune tolerant state, further attenuating the osteogenic deficiency of BMMSCs and the osteopenia phenotype. Mechanistically, we found that the therapeutic effects of TDNs were partially mediated by apoptotic T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs), which promoted macrophage transformation towards the M2 phenotype. These findings demonstrate that TDNs may represent a promising strategy for treating osteoporosis and other immune disorders., Graphical abstract Schematic illustration of TDNs and their therapeutic effects on osteoporosis through inducing T cell apoptosis and regulating Treg/Th17 balance.Image 1, Highlights • A delicate nanoparticle was prepared which can induce the apoptosis of activated T cells. • The T cell-depleting nanoparticles establish an immune tolerance microenvironment and ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice. • T cell-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles participated in the amelioration of osteopenia.
- Published
- 2021
33. Direct Synthesis of 4-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles via I2-Promoted Cyclization under Metal- and Azide-Free Conditions
- Author
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Chun Huang, Yan-Dong Wu, Xiao-Xiao Yu, An-Xin Wu, Peng Zhao, You Zhou, Li-Sheng Wang, and Xiao Geng
- Subjects
Metal ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,Iodide ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Azide ,Combinatorial chemistry - Abstract
We herein report an iodine-mediated formal [2 + 2 + 1] cyclization of methyl ketones, p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazines, and 1-aminopyridinium iodide for preparation of 4-aryl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles under metal- and azide-free conditions. Notably, this is achieved using p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazines and 1-aminopyridinium iodide as azide surrogates, providing a novel route toNH-1,2,3-triazoles. Furthermore, this approach provides rapid and practical access to potent inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO).
- Published
- 2021
34. Synthesis and characteristic applications of silicon resins for the modifying agent in heat conduction
- Author
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Sheng-Yu Lin, Min-Yan Dong, Naveed Ahmad, Garuda Raka Satria Dewangga, and Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Silicon ,Heat energy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Dissipation ,Thermal conduction ,chemistry ,Scientific method ,Silicone resin ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Composite material ,Sol-gel - Abstract
Heat energy retention and dissipation have become key points of global smart textiles in recent years. This study describes the designing of silicon resin by using a sol–gel process, which acts as the modifying agent for siloxane substrate. The modifying agent was effectively blocked by silicon resin mixed with the ethylene or aluminum bond group, to control the molecular weight. Advanced polymer chromatography confirmed that the number average molecular weight (Mn) of silicon resin is 41,301 g mol−1, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 47,982 g mol−1, and the molecular weight distribution is 1.1617, which is relatively narrow. When the addition of vinyl groups is 5%, the silicone resin Mn decreases to 18,906 g mol−1 and Mw decreases to 28,641 g mol−1. When the addition of aluminum bond groups is 5%, the silicone resin Mn decreases to 17,497 g mol−1 and Mw decreases to 27,114 g mol−1. The result of thermogravimetric analysis shows that the pyrolysis temperature rises from 265.43°C to 266.17°C after the ethylene is added to the silicon resin, and the index of heat tolerance increases from 179.14°C to 191.38°C. After the addition of aluminum bond groups, the pyrolysis temperature rises from 265.43°C to 309.37°C, and the index of heat tolerance increases from 179.14°C to 193.09°C, meaning the silicone resin has higher thermal stability.
- Published
- 2021
35. Effects of nitrogen regulation and strip intercropping on faba bean biomass, nitrogen accumulation and distribution, and interspecific interactions
- Author
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Chaosheng Luo, Yan Dong, Liankun Ma, Zengpeng Guo, Zhu Jinhui, and Kun Dong
- Subjects
biology ,business.industry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biomass ,Distribution (economics) ,Intercropping ,Interspecific competition ,biology.organism_classification ,Nitrogen ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Nitrogen accumulation ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2021
36. Physiological response of flag leaf and yield formation of winter wheat under different spring restrictive irrigation regimes in the Haihe Plain, China
- Author
-
Bao-zhong Yin, Xiao-yuan Bao, Wenchao Zhen, Zhao-hui Hu, Xue-jing Liu, and Yan-dong Wang
- Subjects
Irrigation ,Ecology ,Growing season ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,Malondialdehyde ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Food Animals ,chemistry ,Anthesis ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Proline ,Sugar ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Abscisic acid ,Food Science - Abstract
In order to identify the optimum period of spring water-restrictive irrigation for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Haihe Plain, China and elucidate its effects on flag leaf senescence and yield formation, field experiments were conducted at the Xinji Experimental Station of Hebei Agricultural University from 2016 to 2019 by using different irrigation regimes in spring, including the conventional regime involving two irrigation periods (control (CK), the 3-leaf unfolding stage and the anthesis stage) and a series of single, restrictive irrigation regimes (SRI) comprising irrigation at the 3-leaf unfolding stage (3LI), 4LI, 5LI, and 6LI. There are five major findings: (1) The senescence (determined by the green leaf area, GLA) in the 4LI treatment occurred moderately earlier than that in CK, showed no significant difference with that in 5LI and 6LI, and occurred significantly later than that in 3LI. (2) Compared with other SRI treatments, the GLA value and photosynthetic rate in 4LI were 14.82 and 20.1% higher, respectively. Microstructural analysis of flag leaf also revealed that the mesophyll cells and chloroplasts were irregularly arranged under drought stress in 3LI and 6LI; however, drought stress had minimal negative effects on the microstructure in 4LI and 5LI. (3) Postponed irrigation in spring could significantly increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the early stage of grain filling; however, these activities would subsequently decrease. Among the four SRI treatments, the overall enzyme activities were the highest in 4LI, and the combined malondialdehyde (MDA) content in flag leaves in 4LI and 5LI was 14.5% lower on average than that in 3LI and 6LI. (4) The soluble sugar (SS) and proline (Pro) contents in 4LI were the highest among the four SRI treatments; however, they were lower than those in CK. The abscisic acid (ABA) hormone content in 4LI and 5LI was lower than that in 3LI and 6LI, respectively, suggesting a smaller drought stress effect in 4LI and 5LI. (5) In two growing seasons, there was a larger number of spikes per unit area in 4LI (i.e., 13.4% higher than that in 5LI and 6LI) and the 1 000-grain weight in 4LI was the highest among the four SRI treatments (i.e., 6.0% higher than that in the other three SRI treatments). Therefore, a single restrictive irrigation regime at the 4-leaf unfolding stage is recommended to be effective in slowing down the senescence process of flag leaves and achieving high yield.
- Published
- 2021
37. Glyap1 regulates pneumocandin B0 synthesis by controlling the intracellular redox balance in Glarea lozoyensis
- Author
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Yan Dong, Yiping Wei, Jianan Cao, Qing Xu, Lei Zhang, Weiting Zhang, and Ping Song
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Antioxidant ,biology ,Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antifungal drug ,General Medicine ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biochemistry ,Catalase ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Growth inhibition ,Oxidative stress ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Pneumocandin B0, the precursor of the antifungal drug caspofungin, is a lipohexapeptide produced by the fungus Glarea lozoyensis. Oxidative stress and the resulting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be involved in the regulation of pneumocandin B0 biosynthesis. In this study, the Glyap1 gene of Glarea lozoyensis, a homologue of the yeast redox regulator YAP1, was knocked out. The intracellular ROS levels of the resulting ΔGlyap1 strain were higher than in the wild-type strain, which was caused by the downregulated expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Compared with the wild-type strain, ΔGlyap1 exhibited an oxidative phenotype throughout its life cycle, which resulted in significantly higher pneumocandin B0 production per unit biomass. In addition, ΔGlyap1 showed growth inhibition and decreased pneumocandin B0 production in the presence of CCl4, which leads to strong oxidative stress. To overcome the strain’s sensitivity, a three-stage antioxidant addition strategy was developed. This approach significantly improved the growth of ΔGlyap1 while maintaining a high pneumocandin B0 production per unit biomass, which reached 38.78 mg/g DCW. Notably, this result represents a 50% increase over the wild-type strain. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms that control pneumocandin B0 production under oxidative stress, which may be applied to improve the production of other secondary metabolites. • Glyap1 is involved in expression of redox and pneumocandin B0 synthesis-related genes. • Addition of a three-stage antioxidant alleviated the sensitivity of ΔGlyap1 strain. • The yield of pneumocandin B0 per unit biomass of ΔGlyap1 strain was 38.78 mg/g DCW.
- Published
- 2021
38. Two new MOFs based on a flexible tripod ligand, structure regulation, stability, Hirshfeld surface analysis and fluorescence properties
- Author
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Peng-Kun Fu, Mei-Mei Jia, Qing-Lin Yang, Miao-Miao Jiao, Xiao-Long Wang, Ding-Qi Xiong, Xiao-Yu Zhang, and Xiu-Yan Dong
- Subjects
Surface (mathematics) ,Crystallography ,Chemistry ,Ligand ,Materials Chemistry ,Tripod (photography) ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Fluorescence - Abstract
In this work, two MOFs, {[Cd3(L)2(m-BDC)(NO3)4]��2(H2O)}n (1) and [Zn3(L)(m-BDC)3]n (2), were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Single crystal diffraction showed that the flexible tripod ligand L (1,3,5-[1-(2-methylimidazole-methylene)]benzene) delivers completely different configurations under the influence of the coordination metal [Cd(II), Zn(II)] ions, resulting in two completely different structures. In 1, the flexible tripod ligand L adopted a "chair" conformation which combined with Cd(II) ions, forming a two-dimensional structure in the orthorhombic C2221 space group. In 2, L adopted a "bowl" conformation which combined with Zn(II) ions, forming another two-dimensional structure in the P-3m1 space group. The synthesized MOFs were characterized by PXRD, thermogravimetry (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analysis, fluorescence property analysis, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) quantitative calculations. The fluorescence analysis displayed that the maximum emission wavelength of 1 and 2 has a blue shift. In addition, the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the thermal stability of 1 is 150 ��C higher than that of 2. This is probably because the energy of "chair" conformation is lower than that of the "bowl" conformation, which makes 1 more stable than that of 2.
- Published
- 2021
39. Iodine-Promoted Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of Enaminone: Access to 2-Hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-pyrrol-3-ones with Quaternary Carbon Center
- Author
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Yan-Dong Wu, Chun Huang, Li-Sheng Wang, An-Xin Wu, Peng Zhao, You Zhou, and Xiao-Xiao Yu
- Subjects
Recrystallization (geology) ,Cycloaddition Reaction ,Molecular Structure ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Alcohol ,Iodine ,Carbon ,Cycloaddition ,Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Cyclization ,Organic chemistry ,Quaternary carbon - Abstract
A novel iodine promoted cyclization of enaminone with aryl methyl ketones has been developed as a straightforward method for constructing 2-hydroxy-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. This strategy affords structurally diverse 2-hydroxy-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones rings in high yields. Moreover, a quarternary alcohol has been constructed efficiently in the reaction. Product purification required only washing with CH2Cl2 solvent, thereby avoiding traditional chromatography and recrystallization, making this an example of group-assisted purification chemistry.
- Published
- 2021
40. Direct C–C Bond Cleavage of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds as a Single-Carbon Synthon: Synthesis of 2-Aryl-4-quinolinecarboxylates
- Author
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Chun Huang, An-Xin Wu, Peng Zhao, You Zhou, Yan-Dong Wu, Xiao-Xiao Yu, and Li-Sheng Wang
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,Bioactive molecules ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,Synthon ,Substrate (chemistry) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Carbon ,Bond cleavage - Abstract
A novel [2 + 1 + 3] cyclization reaction for the synthesis of 2-aryl-4-quinolinecarboxylates from aryl methyl ketones, arylamines, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds has been established. This metal-free process achieved the C-C bond cleavage of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds directly as a single-carbon synthon. The reaction is highly efficient and has good substrate compatibility while operating under mild conditions. This method has good practicability and successfully realized the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
- Published
- 2021
41. Ganglioside GD3 is up‐regulated in microglia and regulates phagocytosis following global cerebral ischemia
- Author
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Yan Dong, Jing Wang, Yujiao Lu, Quanguang Zhang, Krishnan M. Dhandapani, Robert K. Yu, and Darrell W. Brann
- Subjects
Male ,Phagocytosis ,Ischemia ,Hippocampal formation ,Biochemistry ,Phagolysosome ,Article ,Brain Ischemia ,Mice ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Gangliosides ,medicine ,Animals ,Ganglioside GD3 ,Mice, Knockout ,Neurons ,Microglia ,Chemistry ,medicine.disease ,Coculture Techniques ,Up-Regulation ,Astrogliosis ,Cell biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neuron - Abstract
Gangliosides, the major sialic-acid containing glycosphingolipids in the mammalian brain, play important roles in brain development and neural functions. Here, we show that the b-series ganglioside GD3 and its biosynthetic enzyme, GD3-synthase (GD3S), were up-regulated predominantly in the microglia of mouse hippocampus from 2 to 7 days following global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Interestingly, GD3S knockout (GD3S-KO) mice exhibited decreased hippocampal neuronal loss following GCI, as compared to wild-type (WT) mice. While comparable levels of astrogliosis and microglial proliferation were observed between WT and GD3S-KO mice, the phagocytic capacity of the GD3S-KO microglia was significantly compromised after GCI. At 2 and 4 days following GCI, the GD3S-KO microglia demonstrated decreased amoebic morphology, reduced neuronal material engulfment, and lower expression of the phagolysosome marker CD68, as compared to the WT microglia. Finally, by using a microglia-primary neuron co-culture model, we demonstrated that the GD3S-KO microglia isolated from mouse brains at 2 days after GCI are less neurotoxic to co-cultured hippocampal neurons than the WT-GCI microglia. Moreover, the percentage of microglia with engulfed neuronal elements in the co-cultured wells was also significantly decreased in the GD3S-KO mice after GCI. Interestingly, the impaired phagocytic capacity of GD3S-KO microglia could be partially restored by pre-treatment with exogenous ganglioside GD3. Altogether, this study provides functional evidence that ganglioside GD3 regulates phagocytosis by microglia in an ischemic stroke model. Our data also suggest that the GD3-linked microglial phagocytosis may contribute to the mechanism of delayed neuronal death following ischemic brain injury.
- Published
- 2021
42. Br/Cl ratio, Zn and radon constraints on the origin and fate of geothermal fluids in the coastal region of southeastern China
- Author
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Qingzhuang Miao, Zhenjiao Jiang, Yan Dong, Chunlei Liu, Shengwei Cao, and Yasong Li
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geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Hydrogeology ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,business.industry ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Geochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Aquifer ,Radon ,02 engineering and technology ,Fault (geology) ,01 natural sciences ,020801 environmental engineering ,Renewable energy ,chemistry ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Seawater ,business ,Geothermal gradient ,Geology ,Groundwater ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Low-to-medium temperature geothermal fluids in the granite regions of southeastern China are an important renewable energy resource, but they are also a source of contamination containing highly toxic elements such as fluoride and arsenic. This study analyzed the origin of the geothermal fluids in a regional-scale hydrogeological unit in the city of Xiamen, China, based on isotope and hydrochemical analyses. The Br/Cl ratios suggested that the inland geothermal fluid is merely recharged by rainwater from the mountain edge, while the coastal geothermal fluid is originally recharged by the seawater and later mixed with rain-derived groundwater. The geothermal water featured high SiO2 and detectable Zn concentrations. The former reflects the significant water–granite interaction along the flow path, and the latter indicates the active hydraulic connection between surface waters, shallow aquifers and deep geothermal fluids. High radon content was detected near the deep conductive fault adjacent to a geothermal well, demonstrating that the fault damage zone acts as a major conduit for upward transport of the deep geothermal fluid. As a result, the fault damage zones developed in the granite are necessary for the formation of geothermal water, which leads to the uneven distribution of geothermal water in the subsurface. High-temperature geothermal water can be found in those regions with fairly sparse fault damage zones. In contrast, in the region with high-density fault activities, the active communication between shallow cool water and deep geothermal fluids can decrease the water temperature.
- Published
- 2021
43. Employing Arylacetylene as a Diene Precursor and Dienophile: Synthesis of Quinoline via the Povarov Reaction
- Author
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Peng Zhao, Xiao-Xiao Yu, An-Xin Wu, Chun Huang, Li-Sheng Wang, Yan-Dong Wu, and You Zhou
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Diene ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Oxidative carbonylation ,Organic Chemistry ,Quinoline ,Povarov reaction ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Cycloaddition ,0104 chemical sciences - Abstract
A novel I2-mediated Povarov reaction of arylacetylenes and anilines for the synthesis of 2,4-substituted quinolines has been developed, in which arylacetylene first acts as both a diene precursor and dienophile. This work further develops the Povarov reaction to expand the types of diene precursors. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the I2/DMSO system realized the oxidative carbonylation of C(sp)-H of arylacetylene and then undergoes a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction.
- Published
- 2021
44. Molecular Insights into the Enhanced Performance of EKylated PETase Toward PET Degradation
- Author
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Xiao-Yan Dong, Kun Chen, Yan Sun, and Yang Hu
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Biophysics ,Degradation (geology) ,General Chemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2021
45. Milk Fat Globule Membrane Supplementation During Suckling Ameliorates Maternal High Fat Diet–Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Adult Male Offspring of Mice
- Author
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Linxi Qian, Yan Dong, Lin Ye, Qianren Zhang, Jiefei Zhou, Fengzhi Xin, and Baige Cao
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Offspring ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Biology ,Diet, High-Fat ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Lactation ,Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ,medicine ,Animals ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,Triglycerides ,Glycoproteins ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Fatty liver ,Lipid metabolism ,Lipid Droplets ,Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,medicine.disease ,Malondialdehyde ,Fatty Liver ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Liver ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Lipogenesis ,Female ,Glycolipids ,Steatosis - Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) predisposes offspring to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore whether milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) supplementation during suckling exerts a long-term protective effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in adult offspring exposed to maternal HFD. METHODS We fed 5-week-old female C57BL/6J mice either a HFD (60% kcal fat) or control diet (CD; 16.7% kcal fat) for 3 weeks before mating, as well as throughout gestation and lactation. After delivery, male offspring from HFD dams were supplemented with 1 g/(kg body weight·day) MFGM (HFD + MFGM group) or the same volume of vehicle (HFD group) during suckling. Male offspring from CD dams were also supplemented with vehicle during suckling (CD group). All offspring were weaned onto CD for 8 weeks. Histopathology, metabolic parameters, lipogenic level, oxidative stress, and mitochondria function in the liver were analyzed. A 1-way ANOVA and a Kruskal-Wallis test were used for multi-group comparisons. RESULTS As compared to the CD group, the HFD group had more lipid droplets in livers, and exhibited ∼100% higher serum triglycerides, ∼38% higher hepatic triglycerides, ∼75% higher serum aspartate aminotransferase, and ∼130% higher fasting blood glucose (P
- Published
- 2021
46. Effect of pH regulation on the formation of biogenic schwertmannite driven by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and its arsenic removal ability
- Author
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Zhang Jian, Yu-Jun Zhou, Fenwu Liu, Qin Junmei, Yan Dong, Wenlong Bi, Jia-Xing Zhou, and Zhi-Hui Wu
- Subjects
Goethite ,Mineral ,Chemistry ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Schwertmannite ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,020801 environmental engineering ,Ph regulation ,Environmental chemistry ,visual_art ,Specific surface area ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental Chemistry ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Groundwater ,Arsenic ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
The effect of pH regulation on schwertmannite bio-synthesis and its As removal ability were investigated in this study. The total Fe precipitation efficiency in a conventional schwertmannite bio-synthesis system (CK) reached 26.5%, with a mineral weight of 5.21 g/L and a mineral specific surface area of 3.18 m2/g. The total Fe precipitation efficiency increased to 88.4%-95.8%, the mineral weight increased to 17.10-18.62 g/L, and the specific surface area increased to 3.61-90.67 m2/g of five different treatments in which the system pH was continually adjusted to 2.50, 2.70, 2.90, 3.10, and 3.30 every 3 h, respectively. The very small amounts of schwertmannite were transformed to goethite when the system pH was periodically adjusted to 2.90, 3.10 and 3.30. The increased specific surface area of bio-schwertmannite was due to the contribution of mesopores, with most pores having a diameter of 2-20 nm. For actual As-containing groundwater (27.4 μg/L), the As removal rate was 52.9% for bio-schwertmannite collected from the CK system. However, the removal rate of As increased to 92.7%-97.8% for minerals which were collected after five adjusted pH treatments. The outcomes of this study provide a fresh insight into the bio-synthesis regulation of schwertmannite, and have great significance for the treatment of As-containing groundwater.
- Published
- 2021
47. Neuroprotective effect of thiamine triethylorthoformate conjugate against Parkinson disease in a mouse model
- Author
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Xi Jia, Dan Xu, Yan Dong, Qing Xu, Yang Jiao, and Chao Li
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Neurodegeneration ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Caspase 3 ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease ,Neuroprotection ,humanities ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Apoptosis ,Annexin ,In vivo ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Fluorescein isothiocyanate ,Astrocyte - Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of thiamine triethylorthoformate conjugate (TTO) on Parkinson disease (PD) in vitro and in vivo in a mice model. Methods: The effect of TTO on behavioural changes in PD mouse model was studied using pole, traction and swimming tests. Astrocyte proliferation after TTO treatment was assessed using 3 (4, 5 dimethyl 2 thi¬azolyl) 2, 5 diphenyl 2 H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was determined with flow cytometry using Annexin V Fluorescein isothiocyanate kit. Results: Treatment of PD mice with TTO led to a decrease in climbing time, increase in suspension score and enhancement of swimming score, when compared to the untreated group (p < 0.05). Treatment of astrocytes with TTO prior to MPP incubation significantly increased proliferation (p < 0.05). Apoptosis induction in astrocytes by MPP was attenuated by pre-treatment with TTO. Pre-treatment of astrocytes with 10 µM TTO markedly reduced JNK activation, when compared to astrocytes incubated with MPP alone (p < 0.05). Up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl 2 by MPP in astrocytes were attenuated by pre-treatment with TTO. MPP-induced up-regulation of cleaved caspase 3 was suppressed in astrocytes by TTO pre-treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with TTO prevents MPP+ -induced neuronal damage in vitro in astrocytes and in vivo in mice. The neuro-protective effect of TTO involves down-regulation of JNK activation, inhibition of caspase-3 level, decrease in Bax and increase in Bcl-2 expression. Thus, TTO has a potential for use in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
- Published
- 2021
48. Palladium‐Catalyzed Heck/Insertion/Decarboxylation Domino Sequence: Synthesis of Dihydrocyclohepta[ de ]naphthalenes
- Author
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Yan-Dong Wu, An-Xin Wu, Bo-Cheng Tang, Shi-Yi Zhuang, Xiang-Long Chen, and Cai He
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Decarboxylation ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Domino ,Sequence (medicine) ,Norbornene ,Catalysis ,Palladium - Published
- 2021
49. Numerical analysis of the biomimetic leaf-type hierarchical porous structure to improve the energy storage efficiency of solar driven steam methane reforming
- Author
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Huaxu Liang, Fuqiang Wang, Yan Dong, Xue Chen, Ziming Cheng, and Xuhang Shi
- Subjects
Materials science ,Field (physics) ,Nuclear engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Methane ,Steam reforming ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thermochemistry ,Energy transformation ,Physics::Chemical Physics ,Hydrogen production ,Finite volume method ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Solar energy ,0104 chemical sciences ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Physics::Space Physics ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Due the energy resource comes from solar energy, resulting in a high working temperature, radiation field has a significant influence on the energy storage efficiency of the high temperature solar thermochemistry. In order to promote the solar energy conversion efficiency of solar driven steam methane reforming (SMR), the idea of regulate the radiation field to be in accordance with the energy conversion on-demand is proposed and the biomimetic leaf-type hierarchical porous structure solar thermochemical reactor is introduced, which can regulate the spatial distribution of solar radiation intensity and optimize the temperature field. Combined with thermochemical kinetics and Finite Volume Method (FVM), the numerical calculation model of the SMR reaction in a biomimetic solar thermochemical reactor is established to optimize the temperature field. The effects of different reaction conditions and reactor parameters on steam methane reforming hydrogen production are analyzed. The results show that methane conversion in the biomimetic leaf-type solar thermochemical reactor is increased by 4.5%.
- Published
- 2021
50. Enhanced Stability and Sensitivity of AlGaN/GaN-HEMTs pH Sensor by Reference Device
- Author
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Youdou Zheng, Hui Guo, Lei Jianming, Seung-Hyeon Kang, Yan Dong, Jeong-Gil Kim, Quan Dai, Rui Wang, Dunjun Chen, Yanli Liu, Rong Zhang, Chul-Ho Won, Jung-Hee Lee, and Zili Xie
- Subjects
Materials science ,Equivalent series resistance ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Transistor ,Gallium nitride ,High-electron-mobility transistor ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Capacitor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,law ,Optoelectronics ,Equivalent circuit ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Instrumentation ,Sensitivity (electronics) - Abstract
To improve the stability and sensitivity of pH sensors based on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), we proposed a modified sensing structure by integrating a reference HEMT device. This structural pH sensor exhibits a typical Nernstian behavior with a sensitivity of 54.38 mV/pH, which is higher than the value of 49.43mV/pH derived from the AlGaN/GaN HEMT-based sensor without integrating the reference HEMTs device. Furthermore, the stability of the new structural sensor is enhanced by approximately 19.2% in comparison with that of its traditional counterpart. The improved performances are analyzed using an electrical double-layer model together with an equivalent circuit model, and we find that the new sensor structure has a larger capacitor and exhibits a better rectification effect, hence decreasing the electrical noise and enhancing the stability of the testing signal. Meanwhile, the new sensor structure displays a smaller equivalent resistance and results in a larger available output current, hence exhibiting a higher sensitivity.
- Published
- 2021
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