67 results on '"Wilson, L A"'
Search Results
2. Optimization of stimulation and staining conditions for intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) for determination of cytokine-producing T cells and monocytes
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Herbert Longwe, Wilson L. Mandala, Visopo Harawa, Monica Soko, and Alinane Munyenyembe
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Cell type ,biology ,Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Specialties of internal medicine ,Stimulation ,Building and Construction ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Molecular biology ,Intracellular ,Staining ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytokine ,RC581-951 ,Ionomycin ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Antibody ,Whole blood - Abstract
Cell-mediated responses to immunological stimuli are often localised in inflammatory sites and involve a number of cell types. These responses can be functionally characterised at the single-cell level on the basis of the types of cytokines expressed either in whole blood or PBMCs. The ability to measure antigen-specific cell responses at the single cell level is an important tool with a wide range of potential applications ranging from studies of disease pathogenesis to the evaluation of vaccines. A number of experiments were performed in this study in order to establish the optimal conditions for in vitro stimulation of cytokine production by T cells and monocytes in whole blood samples collected from healthy adult Malawian participants and the optimal staining conditions for various cytokine producing cells. Different stimulation methods and conditions, different culture tubes and incubators and different antibody labelling conditions were assessed in order to establish optimal conditions for detecting cytokine-producing cells in whole blood samples. The use of PMA plus Ionomycin produced highest cytokine-producing T cells whereas LPS was a better stimulant for cytokine producing monocytes. Stimulation of whole blood for 5 h was optimal for cytokine detection in T cells whereas 4 h was optimal for monocytes. BFA was found to be a better Golgi blocker than Monensin and the use of 15 ml Falcon-type polypropylene tubes while stationary resulted in the detection of the highest proportion of cytokine-producing cells. T cells were found to be producers of mainly TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-2 whereas Monocytes were mainly producing TNF-α and IL-6. Anti-CD3-PerCP (used at a ratio of 1:25), anti-CD14-APC (used at a ratio of 1:50) and anti-cytokine-PE (used at a ratio of 1:12.5) resulted in the best results. The highest cytokine production monocytes were detected when 1 X FACS Lysing solution was used at a volume of 40X that of the whole blood sample compared to the other volumes. These optimal conditions are essential in determination of proportion of cytokine-producing cells using ICS in whole blood.
- Published
- 2021
3. Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potency of Fe(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) ion complexes with Schiff Base, Derived from Salicylaldehyde and p.toluidine
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Nasiru Pindiga Yahaya, Wilson. L. Danbature, Mohammed Umar, and Nnamani Johnson Onuorah
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Schiff base ,P-toluidine ,chemistry ,Salicylaldehyde ,Potency ,Antimicrobial ,Ion ,Nuclear chemistry - Published
- 2020
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4. Endocytosis of very low-density lipoproteins: an unexpected mechanism for lipid acquisition by breast cancer cells
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Wendy A. Wells, Nancy B. Kuemmerle, Jonas Dehairs, Thea Dennis, Wilson L. Davis, Leslie E. Lupien, Nicole A. Traphagen, Nicole C. Smits, William B. Kinlaw, Todd W. Miller, Johannes V. Swinnen, Katarzyna Bloch, and William W. Feng
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0301 basic medicine ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,synthesis ,CD36 ,VLDL receptor ,Breast Neoplasms ,QD415-436 ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Lipoproteins, VLDL ,Endocytosis ,Biochemistry ,fatty acids ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,lipase ,Humans ,Research Articles ,biology ,Chemistry ,Lipid metabolism ,Cell Biology ,Lipid Droplets ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,metabolism ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
We previously described the expression of CD36 and LPL by breast cancer (BC) cells and tissues and the growth-promoting effect of VLDL observed only in the presence of LPL. We now report a model in which LPL is bound to a heparan sulfate proteoglycan motif on the BC cell surface and acts in concert with the VLDL receptor to internalize VLDLs via receptor-mediated endocytosis. We also demonstrate that gene-expression programs for lipid synthesis versus uptake respond robustly to triglyceride-rich lipoprotein availability. The literature emphasizes de novo FA synthesis and exogenous free FA uptake using CD36 as paramount mechanisms for lipid acquisition by cancer cells. We find that the uptake of intact lipoproteins is also an important mechanism for lipid acquisition and that the relative reliance on lipid synthesis versus uptake varies among BC cell lines and in response to VLDL availability. This metabolic plasticity has important implications for the development of therapies aimed at the lipid dependence of many types of cancer, in that the inhibition of FA synthesis may elicit compensatory upregulation of lipid uptake. Moreover, the mechanism that we have elucidated provides a direct connection between dietary fat and tumor biology.-. ispartof: JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH vol:61 issue:2 pages:205-218 ispartof: location:United States status: published
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- 2020
5. Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Blantyre, Malawi
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Gerry Davies, Victor Ndhlovu, Maxine Caws, Mercy Kamdolozi, Konstantina Kontogianni, Wilson L. Mandala, Derek J. Sloan, Anmol M. Kiran, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, and University of St Andrews. Infection and Global Health Division
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Bioinformatics ,NDAS ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,wa_395 ,QH426 Genetics ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Article ,Large sequence polymorphisms ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Molecular marker ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Genetics ,Clinical genetics ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,lcsh:Science (General) ,QH426 ,Region of difference ,Genetic diversity ,Infectious disease ,Multidisciplinary ,Phylogenetic tree ,Molecular epidemiology ,QR Microbiology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,3. Good health ,QR ,Single nucleotide polymorphism ,Single molecule real time sequencing ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,qu_26.5 ,lcsh:H1-99 ,wf_200 ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
Despite the high burden of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, specific factors influencing disease transmission remain elusive. Long term epidemiological studies and in vitro experimental models provide evidence of variable relative fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains but few such studies are available. Large sequence polymorphisms (LSP) are a robust molecular marker and are feasible as an epidemiological investigative tool. Few Mtb molecular epidemiological studies have been reported in Malawi owing to lack of laboratories with molecular tools. We characterized the genetic diversity of Mtb clinical isolates amongst TB patients in Blantyre, Malawi. We genotyped 64 Mtb clinical isolates using LSP-PCR, assigned specific lineages and confirmed 18 of the isolates using SMRT sequencing. The 64 isolates clustered into 4 lineages (L1-L4) with L4 predominating. There were 10/64 (16%) isolates belonging to L1, 6/64 (9%) belonging to L2, 2/64 (3%) belonging to L3 and 46/64 (72%) belonging to L4. Comparison with a previous study done in Karonga revealed concordance in L1 and L4 but discodance in L2 and L3. The phylogenetic tree constructed, comprised of 3/4 lineages present in Blantyre with 3/18 belonging to L1, 3/18 belonging to L2 and 12/18 belonging to L4. Four Mtb lineages were present in Blantyre with L4 predominating. Larger studies are needed to understand the molecular epidemiology of TB in Blantyre in light of increased bi-directional migration with South Africa., Clinical genetics; Genetics; Bioinformatics; Infectious disease; Microbiology; Single molecule real time sequencing; Region of difference; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Large sequence polymorphisms
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- 2019
6. Endocytosis of very low-density lipoprotein particles: an unexpected mechanism for lipid acquisition by breast cancer cells
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William W. Feng, Wilson L. Davis, Wendy A. Wells, Jonas Dehairs, Nicole C. Smits, William B. Kinlaw, Leslie E. Lupien, Johannes V. Swinnen, Katarzyna Bloch, Thea Dennis, and Nancy B. Kuemmerle
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0303 health sciences ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,Lipoprotein lipase ,biology ,Chemistry ,CD36 ,VLDL receptor ,Endocytosis ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Lipogenesis ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,030304 developmental biology ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
We previously described the expression of CD36 and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) by breast cancer (BC) cells and tissues, and the growth-promoting effect of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) supplementation observed in BC cell lines only in the presence of LPL. We now describe the deployment of LPL by BC cells. Our data support a model in which LPL is bound to a heparin-like heparan sulfate proteoglycan motif on the BC cell surface and acts in concert with the VLDL receptor to rapidly internalize intact lipoproteins via receptor-mediated endocytosis. We further observe substantial alterations in gene expression programs related to pathways for lipid acquisition (synthesis vs. uptake) in response to each the availability of exogenous triglyceride in tissue culture media and LPL expression status. Current literature emphasizesde novofatty acid synthesis as the paramount mechanism for lipid acquisition by cancer cells. Our findings indicate that exogenous lipid uptake can serve as an important method of lipid acquisition for cancer cells, alongsidede novolipogenesis, and that the relative reliance on these two modes of lipid acquisition may vary among different BC cell lines and in response to nutrient availability. This concept has obvious implications for the development of therapies aimed at the lipid dependence of many different cancer types. Moreover, the mechanism that we have elucidated provides a direct connection between dietary fat and tumor biology.
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- 2019
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7. Fatty Acids and Breast Cancer: Make Them on Site or Have Them Delivered
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Nancy B. Kuemmerle, Paul W. Baures, Wilson L. Davis, Leslie E. Lupien, and William B. Kinlaw
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0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Cell signaling ,Physiology ,Cell growth ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Cell ,Fatty acid ,Cell Biology ,Metabolism ,Biology ,Phenotype ,Warburg effect ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,medicine - Abstract
Brisk fatty acid (FA) production by cancer cells is accommodated by the Warburg effect. Most breast and other cancer cell types are addicted to fatty acids (FA), which they require for membrane phospholipid synthesis, signaling purposes, and energy production. Expression of the enzymes required for FA synthesis is closely linked to each of the major classes of signaling molecules that stimulate BC cell proliferation. This review focuses on the regulation of FA synthesis in BC cells, and the impact of FA, or the lack thereof, on the tumor cell phenotype. Given growing awareness of the impact of dietary fat and obesity on BC biology, we will also examine the less-frequently considered notion that, in addition to de novo FA synthesis, the lipolytic uptake of preformed FA may also be an important mechanism of lipid acquisition. Indeed, it appears that cancer cells may exist at different points along a "lipogenic-lipolytic axis," and FA uptake could thwart attempts to exploit the strict requirement for FA focused solely on inhibition of de novo FA synthesis. Strategies for clinically targeting FA metabolism will be discussed, and the current status of the medicinal chemistry in this area will be assessed. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2128-2141, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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- 2016
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8. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation
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Robert P. Giugliano, Christian T. Ruff, Eugene Braunwald, Sabina A. Murphy, Stephen D. Wiviott, Jonathan L. Halperin, Albert L. Waldo, Michael D. Ezekowitz, Jeffrey I. Weitz, Jind?ich ?pinar, Witold Ruzyllo, Mikhail Ruda, Yukihiro Koretsune, Joshua Betcher, Minggao Shi, Laura T. Grip, Shirali P. Patel, Indravadan Patel, James J. Hanyok, Michele Mercuri, Elliott M. Antman, Braunwald E, Antman EM, Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Morin SE, Hoffman EB, Murphy SA, Deenadayalu N, Grip L, Mercuri M, Lanz H, Patel I, Curt V, Duggal A, Hanyok J, Davé J, Morgan D, Choi Y, Shi M, Jin J, Xie J, Crerand W, Kappelhof J, Maxwell W, Skinner M, Patel S, Betcher J, Selicato G, Otto C. Jr, Reissner C, Smith K, Ostroske J, Ron A, Giugliano R, Connolly S, Camm J, Ezekowitz M, Halperin J, Waldo A, Paolasso E, Aylward P, Heidbuchel H, Nicolau JC, Goudev A, Roy D, Weitz J, Corbalán R, Yang Y, Botero R, Bergovec M, Ŝpinar J, Grande P, Hassager C, Voitk J, Huikuri H, Nieminen M, Blanc JJ, LeHeuzey JY, Mitrovic V, Alexopoulos D, Sotomora G, Kiss R, SomaRaju B, Lewis B, Merlini P, Metra M, Koretsune Y, Yamashita T, García Castillo A, Ophuis T, White H, Atar D, Horna M, Babilonia N, Ruzyllo W, Morais J, Dorobantu M, Ruda M, Ostojic M, Duris T, Dalby A, Chung N, Zamorano JL, Juul Möller S, Moccetti T, Chen SA, Sritara P, Oto A, Parkhomenko A, Senior R, Verheugt F, Skene A, Anderson J, Bauer K, Easton JD, Goto S, Wiviott S, Lowe C, Awtry E, Berger CJ, Croce K, Desai A, Gelfand E, Goessling W, Greenberger NJ, Ho C, Leeman DE, Link MS, Norden AD, Pande A, Rost N, Ruberg F, Silverman S, Singhal A, Vita JA, Vogelmann O, Gonzalez C, Ahuad Guerrero R, Rodriguez M, Albisu J, Rosales E, Allall O, Reguero M, Alvarez C, Garcia M, Ameriso S, Ameriso P, Amuchastegui M, Caceres M, Beloscar J, Petrucci J, Berli M, Budassi N, Valle M, Bustamante Labarta G, Saravia M, Caccavo A, Fracaro V, Cartasegna L, Novas V, Caruso O, Zarandon RS, Colombo H, Morandini M, Cuello J, Rosell M, Cuneo C, Bocanera M, D'Amico A, Cendali G, Dran R, Moreno V, Estol C, Davolos M, Facello A, Facello M, Falu E, Iriarte M, Femenia F, Arrieta M, Fuselli J, Zanotti A, Gant Lopez J, Meiller F, Garcia Duran R, Perlo D, Garrido M, Ceirano C, Giacomi G, Eden M, Giannaula R, Huerta M, Goicoechea R, von Wulffen M, Hominal M, Bianchini M, Jure H, Jure D, Kevorkian R, Monaco F, Lanternier G, Belcuore M, Liniado G, Iglesias M, Litvak B, Nigro A, Llanos J, Vignau S, Lorente C, Shatsky K, Lotti J, Raimondi G, Mackinnon I, Carne M, Manuale O, Calderon M, Marino J, Funes I, Muntaner J, Gandur H, Nul D, Verdini E, Piskorz D, Tommasi A, Povedano G, Casares E, Pozzer D, Fernandez E, Prado A, Venturini C, Ramos H, Navarrete S, Alvarez M, Sanchez A, Bowen L, Sanjurjo M, Codutti O, Saravia Toledo S, Formoso I, Schmidberg J, Goloboulicz A, Schygiel P, Buzzetti C, Severino P, Morara P, Sosa Liprandi M, Teves M, Vico M, Morell Y, Anderson C, Paraskevaidis T, Arstall M, Hoffmann B, Colquhoun D, Price Smith S, Crimmins D, Slattery A, Dart A, Kay S, Davis S, Silver G, Flecknoe Brown S, Roberts J, Gates P, Jones S, Lehman R, Morrison H, McKeirnan M, Li J, Paul V, Batta C, Purnell P, Perrett L, Szto G, O'Shea V, Capiau L, Banaeian F, De Bleecker J, de Koning K, De Tollenaere M, De Bruyne L, Desfontaines P, Tincani G, Meeusen K, Herzet J, Malmendier D, Mairesse G, Raepers M, Parqué J, Clinckemaille N, Scavée C, Huyberechts D, Stockman D, Jacobs C, Vandekerckhove Y, Derycker K, Vanwelden J, van Welden J, Vervoort G, Mestdagh I, Vrolix M, Beerts C, Wollaert B, Denie D, Amato Vincenzo de Paola A, Coutinho E, Andrade Lotufo P, de Melo RF, Atie J, Motta C, Augusto Alves da Costa F, Ferraz RF, Bertolim Precoma D, Sehnem E, Botelho R, Cunha S, Brondani R, Fleck N, Chaves Junior H, Silva J, Costantini C, Barroso D, De Patta M, Pereira V, Duda N, Laimer R, Dutra O, Morgado S, Faustino Saporito W, Seroqui M, Ferreira L, Araújo E, Finimundi H, Daitz C, Gagliardi R, Pereira G, Gomes M, Gomes A, Guimarães A, Ninho L, Jaeger C, Pereira L, Jorge J, Cury C, Kaiser S, Almeida A, Kalil C, Radaelli G, Kunz Sebba Barroso de Souza W, Morales K, Leaes P, Luiz RO, Pimenta Almeida J, Gozalo A, Reis G, Avellar K, Reis Katz Weiand L, Leipelt J, Rocha J, Barros R, Rodrigues L, Rocha MR, Rodrigues A, Rodrigues D, Rossi dos Santos F, Pagnan LG, Sampaio R, do Val R, Saraiva J, Vicente C, Simoes M, Carraro A, Sobral Filho D, Lustosa E, Villas Boas F, Almeida M, Zimmermann S, Zimmermann EB, Chompalova B, Parishev G, Denchev S, Milcheva N, Donova T, Gergova V, Georgiev B, Kostova E, Kinova E, Hergeldjieva V, Kamenova P, Manolova A, Vasilev I, Mihov A, Miteva B, Mincheva V, Stoyanovski V, Nikolov F, Vasilev D, Pencheva G, Kostov K, Petranov S, Milusheva T, Popov A, Staneva A, Momchilova Lozeva D, Todorov G, Nyagina M, Tumbev H, Tumbeva D, Tzekova M, Kitova M, Manoylov E, Archibald J, Antle S, Bhargava R, Stafford C, Bose S, Hundseth M, Cha J, Otis J, Chehayeb R, Lepage C, Chilvers M, Vansickle L, Cleveland D, Valley S, Constance C, Gauthier M, Costi P, Masson C, Coutu B, Denis I, du Preez M, Kubanska A, Dufresne M, Krider J, Eikelboom J, Zondag M, Fortin C, Viau C, Green M, Houbraken D, Hatheway R, Mabee J, Heath J, Scott L, Ho K, Ho V, Hoag G, Standring R, Huynh T, Perkins L, Kouz S, Roy M, Labonte R, Dewar C, Lainesse A, St Germain L, Lam S, Lam H, Lichtenstein T, Roberts P, Luton R, Douglas S, Ma P, Seib M, MacCallum C, Matthews J, Malette P, Vaillancourt T, Maranda C, Studenikow E, Mawji A, Morely A, Morrison D, Roth M, Mucha M, Najarali A, Lamoureux U, Nicholson R, O'Hara G, Banville P, O'Mahony W, Bolton R, Parkash R, Carroll L, Pesant Y, Sardin V, Polasek P, Turri L, Qureshi A, Nethercott C, Ricci J, Bozek B, Rupka D, Marchand C, Shu D, Silverio G, St Hilaire R, Morissette A, Sussman J, Kailey P, Syan G, Bobbie C, Talajic M, David D, Talbot P, Tremblay M, Teitelbaum I, Teitelbaum J, Velthuysen G, Giesbrecht L, Wahby R, Morley A, Wharton S, Caterini T, Woodford T, Balboa W, Matus LR, Bugueño C, Mondaca PM, Cobos J, Obreque C, Corbalan R, Parada A, Florenzano F, Diaz PA, Lopetegui M, Rebolledo C, Manriquez L, Silva LM, Martinez D, Llamas RR, Opazo M, Pérez MC, Pincetti C, Carrasco GT, Potthoff S, Staub JZ, Campisto Y, Stockins B, Lara CL, Yovaniniz P, Azua MG, Bai F, Xu GL, Chen JZ, Xie XD, Chen XP, Zhang X, Dong YG, Feng C, Fu GS, Zhang P, Hong K, You ZG, Hong L, Qiu Y, Jiang XJ, Qu Z, Li L, Liu H, Li TF, Kong YQ, Li WM, Liu B, Li ZQ, Liu Y, Liao DN, Gu XJ, Liu L, Lu ZH, Ma SM, Yang ZY, Wang DM, Qi SY, Wang GP, Shi XJ, Wei M, Huang D, Wu SL, Li YE, Xu JH, Gu JY, Xu YM, Liang YZ, Yang K, Li AY, Yang YJ, Zheng X, Zheng Y, Gao M, Yin YH, Xu YP, Yu B, Li LL, Yuan ZY, Qiang H, Zhang HQ, Lin YN, Zhang Z, Kang H, Zhao RP, Han RJ, Zhao XL, Wang JQ, Zheng ZQ, Li BG, Zhou SX, Zhang YL, Accini J, Accini M, Cano N, Pineda LL, Delgado Restrepo J, Arroyave C, Fernández Ruiz R, Diaz IA, Hernandez H, Delgado P, Jaramillo Muñoz C, Builes A, Manzur F, Rodriguez ER, Moncada Corredor M, Giraldo DL, Orozco Linares L, Fonseca J, Quintero A, Gonzales C, Sanchez Vallejo G, Mejia IP, Bagatin J, Carevic V, Car S, Jeric M, Ciglenecki N, Tusek S, Ferri Certic J, Romic I, Francetic I, Ausperger KM, Jelic V, Jurinjak SJ, Knezevic A, Buksa B, Samardzic P, Lukenda KC, Steiner R, Kirner D, Sutalo K, Bakliza Z, Vrazic H, Lucijanic T, Bar M, Brodova P, Berka L, Kunkelova V, Brtko M, Burianova H, Cermak O, Elbl L, Ferkl R, Florian J, Francek L, Golan L, Gregor P, Honkova M, Hubac J, Jandik J, Jarkovsky P, Jelinek Z, Jerabek O, Jirmar R, Kobza R, Kochrt M, Kostkova G, Kosek Z, Kovar P, Kuchar R, Kvasnicka J, Ludka O, Machova V, Krocova E, Melichar M, Nechanicky R, Olsr J, Peterka K, Petrova I, Havlova I, Pisova J, Podrazil P, Jirsova E, Reichert P, Slaby J, Spacek R, Spinar J, Labrova R, Vodnansky P, Samkova D, Zidkova E, Dodt K, Christensen H, Christensen L, Loof A, Ibsen H, Madsen H, Iversen H, Veng Olsen T, Nielsen H, Olsen R, Overgaard K, Petrovic V, Raymond I, Raae D, Sand N, Svenningsen A, Torp Pedersen C, Jakobsen U, Wiggers H, Serup Hansen K, Kaik J, Stern A, Kolk R, Laane E, Rivis L, Paumets M, Laheäär M, Rosenthal A, Rajasalu R, Vahula V, Ratnik E, Kaarleenkaski S, Hussi E, Valpas S, Jäkälä P, Lappalainen T, Mäenpää A, Viitaniemi J, Nyman K, Sankari T, Rasi H, Salminen O, Virtanen V, Nappila H, Le Heuzey J, Agraou B, El Jarroudi F, Amarenco P, Boursin P, Babuty D, Boyer M, Belhassane A, Berbari H, Blanc J, Dias P, Coisne D, Berger N, Decoulx E, El Jarroudi M, Dinanian S, Arfaoui M, Hermida J, Deruche E, Kacet S, Corbut S, Poulard J, Leparree S, Roudaut R, Duprat C, Al Zoebi A, Wurow A, Bernhardt P, Dichristin U, Berrouschot J, Vierbeck S, Beyer Westendorf J, Sehr B, Bouzo M, Schnelzer P, Braun R, Ladenburger K, Buhr M, Weihrauch D, Contzen C, Kara M, Daut W, Ayasse D, Degtyareva E, Kranz P, Drescher T, Herfurth B, Faghih M, Forck Boedeker K, Schneider K, Fuchs R, Manuela W, Grigat C, Otto A, Hartmann A, Peitz M, Heuer H, Dieckheuer U, Hoffmann U, Dorn S, Hoffmann S, Schuppe M, Horacek T, Fink P, Junggeburth J, Schmid S, Jungmair W, Schoen B, Kleinecke Pohl U, Meusel P, Koenig H, Bauch F, Lohrbaecher Kozak I, Grosse B, Lueders S, Venneklaas U, Luttermann M, Wulf M, Maus O, Hoefer K, Meissner G, Braemer U, Meyer Pannwitt U, Frahm E, Vogt S, Muegge A, Barbera S, Mueller Glamann M, Raddatz K, Piechatzek R, Lewinsky D, Pohl W, Proskynitopoulos N, Kuhlmann M, Rack K, Pilipenko H, Rinke A, Kühlenborg A, Schaefer A, Szymanowski N, Schellong S, Frommhold R, Schenkenberger I, Finsterbusch T, Dreykluft K, Schiewe C, Schmidt A, Schmidt M, Schreckenberg A, Hellmers J, Seibert H, Gold G, Sohn H, Baylacher M, Spitzer S, Bonin K, Stoehring R, Taggeselle J, Zarpentin C, Veltkamp R, Ludwig I, Voehringer, Buchholz M, Weyland K, Winkelmann B, Buelow Johansen B, Wolde C, Winter K, Mavronasiou E, Bourlios P, Tziortziotis A, Karamitsos C, Exarchou E, Kifnidis K, Daskalaki A, Moschos N, Dimitra K, Olympios C, Kartsagkoulis E, Pyrgakis V, Korantanis K, Ayau Milla O, Ramirez Vde L, Guzman Melgar I, Jimenez T, Ovando Lavagnino A, Guevara S, Rodas Estrada M, Sanchez M, Pozuelos JM, Sanchez Samayoa C, Guerra L, Velasquez Camas L, Almaraz SP, Dioszeghy P, Muskoczki E, Edes I, Szatmari J, Fiok J, Varga A, Kanakaridisz N, Kosztyu M, Kis E, Feil JF, Jakal A, Koczka M, Kovacs I, Baranyai M, Kovacs Z, Lupkovics G, Karakai HH, Matoltsy A, Kiss T, Medvegy M, Kiss K, Merkely B, Kolumban E, Nagy A, Palinkas A, Toth SR, Sayour A, Bognar A, Simor T, Ruzsa D, Sipos T, Szakal I, Tomcsanyi J, Marosi A, Vertes A, Kincses M, Malhan S, Abdullakutty J, Agarwal D, Ranka R, Arneja J, Memon A, Arora V, Shree R, Avvaru G, Shaikh A, Babu P, Rao B, Babu R, Reddy J, Banker D, Sheth T, Benjarge P, Surushe S, Bharani A, Solanki R, Bhargava V, Rathi A, Biniwale A, Bhuti M, Calambur N, Somaraju B, Karnwal N, Chopda M, Mali N, Goyal N, Saini A, Gupta J, Singh P, Hadan S, Savanth P, Hardas S, Thakor G, Hiremath J, Ghume A, Jain R, Pahuja M, Joseph S, Oommen D, Joseph J, Thomas R, Joshi H, Iby, Kale V, Raut N, Kandekar B, Kandekar S, Kishore R, Krishnan H, Kotiwale V, Kulkarni R, Deokar M, Kulkarni G, Lawande A, Kumar P, Karpuram M, Kumar A, Francis J, Kumbla M, Anthony A, Lavhe P, Kale M, Mardikar H, Bhaskarwar P, Mathur A, Sharma P, Menon J, Francis V, Namjoshi D, Shelke S, Narendra J, Natarajan S, Oomaan A, Gurusamy P, Angel J, Purayil MP, Shams S, Pandurangi U, Sababathi R, Parekh P, Jasani B, Patki N, Babbar A, Pinto B, Kharalkar H, Premchand R, Jambula H, Rao M, Vuriya A, Ravi Shankar A, Reddy R, Bekal S, Barai A, Saha D, Gadepalli R, Sant H, Jadhav D, Sarna M, Arora T, Sawhney J, Singh R, Sethi K, Bansal N, Sethia A, Sethia S, Shetty G, 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Pazier P, Riofrio K, Braun D, Robinson J, Cherrico M, Roehll W, Hollihan P, Rosado, Barnhorst M, Rosado J, Bamhorst M, Rosen R, Martin C, Ross S, Freeman R, Ruoff G, Nelson T, Sacco J, Ball E, Samal A, Schomburg J, Sandberg J, Lafave J, Savin V, Clifton R, Schaefer S, Fekete A, Schneider R, Schneider W, Schulman D, Mercer S, Seals A, Ullig T, Holt A, Seide H, Mather N, Shah G, Witt P, Shalaby A, Seese M, Shanes J, Fleets J, Shaoulian E, Hren A, Sheikh K, Hengerer T, Shih H, Browning J, Shoukfeh M, Stephenson L, Siler T, Champagne M, Simpson P, Meyer R, Singh N, Turner K, Singh V, Nelson M, Skierka R, Hughes B, Keene R, Smith R, Hodnett P, Spangenthal S, Thomason L, Sperling M, Vasquez E, Spivack E, McCartney P, Staniloae C, Liu M, Steljes A, Cox C, Struble R, Vittitow T, Suresh D, Frost J, Swerchowsky V, Freemyer D, Szulawski I, Herwehe S, Tahirkheli N, Springer K, Takata T, Bruton T, Talano J, Leo L, Tami L, Corchado D, Tatarko M, Swauger M, Tawney K, Dastoli K, Teague S, Young K, Tee H, Mitchell T, Teixeira J, Southam D, Torres M, Tucker P, Salas L, Updegrove J, Hanna K, Val Mejias J, Harrelson KG, Vemireddy D, Cardoza T, Verma S, Parsons T, Vicari R, Warren K, Vijay N, Washam M, Vossler M, Kilcup S, Walsh R, Renaud K, Ward S, Locklear T, Waxman F, Sanchez G, Weiss R, St Laurent B, Westcott J, Williams D, Gibson C, Williams R, Dowling C, Willis J, VonGerichten S, Wood K, Capasso Gulve E, Worley S, Pointer S, Yarows S, Sheehan T, Yasin M, Yi J, Dongas B, Yousuf K, Zakhary B, Curtis S, Zeig S, Mason T, Zellner C, Harden M, Roper E, Waseem M, Grammer M., PERRONE FILARDI, PASQUALE, Cardiovascular Division (SZG), Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Mount Sinai Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University Hospitals Case Medical Center (CLEVELAND - UHCMC), University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Jefferson Medical College (JMC), Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TARI), McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], University Hospital Brno, Institute of Cardiology (WARSAW - Cardiology), Institute of Cardiology, Cardiology Research Center (MOSCOU - CRC), Cardiology Research Center, National Hopital Organization (OSAKA - NHO), Osaka National Hospital, Université de Brest (UBO), Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC - Brest), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Graduate School, Endocrinology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology, Nursing, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, General Internal Medicine, Giugliano, Rp, Ruff, Ct, Braunwald, E, Murphy, Sa, Wiviott, Sd, Halperin, Jl, Waldo, Al, Ezekowitz, Md, Weitz, Ji, Špinar, J, Ruzyllo, W, Ruda, M, Koretsune, Y, Betcher, J, Shi, M, Grip, Lt, Patel, Sp, Patel, I, Hanyok, Jj, Mercuri, M, Antman, Em, Comi, Giancarlo, ENGAGE AF TIMI 48, Investigators, Robert P., Giugliano, Christian T., Ruff, Eugene, Braunwald, Sabina A., Murphy, Stephen D., Wiviott, Jonathan L., Halperin, Albert L., Waldo, Michael D., Ezekowitz, Jeffrey I., Weitz, Jind?ich, ?pinar, Witold, Ruzyllo, Mikhail, Ruda, Yukihiro, Koretsune, Joshua, Betcher, Minggao, Shi, Laura T., Grip, Shirali P., Patel, Indravadan, Patel, James J., Hanyok, Michele, Mercuri, Elliott M., Antman, Morin, Se, Hoffman, Eb, Deenadayalu, N, Grip, L, Lanz, H, Curt, V, Duggal, A, Hanyok, J, Davé, J, Morgan, D, Choi, Y, Jin, J, Xie, J, Crerand, W, Kappelhof, J, Maxwell, W, Skinner, M, Patel, S, Selicato, G, Otto C., Jr, Reissner, C, Smith, K, Ostroske, J, Ron, A, Giugliano, R, Connolly, S, Camm, J, Ezekowitz, M, Halperin, J, Waldo, A, Paolasso, E, Aylward, P, Heidbuchel, H, Nicolau, Jc, Goudev, A, Roy, D, Weitz, J, Corbalán, R, Yang, Y, Botero, R, Bergovec, M, Ŝpinar, J, Grande, P, Hassager, C, Voitk, J, Huikuri, H, Nieminen, M, Blanc, Jj, Leheuzey, Jy, Mitrovic, V, Alexopoulos, D, Sotomora, G, Kiss, R, Somaraju, B, Lewis, B, Merlini, P, Metra, M, Yamashita, T, García 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Jardula, M, Andresen, T, Johnson, F, Phillips, T, Jones, R, Hughett, G, Jovin, I, Nichols, M, Judson, P, Royes, A, Kahn, B, Coombs, V, Kai, W, Dugal, J, Kandath, D, Kostedt, G, Kaplan, K, Cook, S, Kapoor, A, Ruggiero, M, Karunaratne, H, Behm, K, Kastelic, R, Davis, C, Keller, R, Keller, J, Kerkering, M, Bartholomaus, D, Kersh, R, Buhler, A, Kesselbrenner, M, Dicorcia, L, Khan, B, Binns, M, Khan, M, Khan, G, Kindman, L, Averett, P, Korpas, D, Godfrey, C, Kotha, P, Sanchez, E, Kozlowski, J, Watts, S, Krichmar, P, Marquez, D, Laliotis, A, Jauregui, V, Lambert, C, Coyle, G, Landau, C, Ferguson, D, Lang, J, Simmons, T, Langevin, E, Faucett, S, Ledbetter, L, Royse, H, Lentz, M, Smith, D, Lesser, M, Hartley, L, Lewis, D, Bonds, C, Lillestol, M, Miller, D, Ling, L, Murphy, R, Littlefield, R, Wofford, E, Lomnitz, D, Lone, B, Davids, M, Looby, R, Ault, S, Lui, H, Wright, H, Lurie, M, Edelstein, J, Macomber, J, Bush, D, Magee, A, Doctor, A, Mainigi, S, Lisiecki, B, Makam, S, Casas, R, Mandviwala, M, Marar, I, Rabadi Marar, D, Marenberg, M, Bedenko, E, Massin, E, Hicks, T, Mccartney, M, Stubbs, L, Mcgarvey, J, Schwarz, L, Mcguire, K, Mckenzie, M, Rodkey, K, Mcknight, T, Paul, J, Mclaurin, B, Lack, A, Mega, J, Marti, J, Meholick, A, Skinner, J, Mehrle, A, Wall, J, Mendelson, R, Cervellione, K, Mercado, A, Cajulis, C, Michlin, B, Romero Colon, J, Milas, J, Sanders, D, Miller, R, Sanchez, S, Miller, S, Gryczan, J, Mody, F, Strugatsky, S, Moran, J, Garner, S, Morledge, J, Bowman, B, Mouhaffel, A, Parrott, N, Mounsey, P, Schuler, C, Mowdy, M, Todd, S, Mullen, P, Raziano, S, Murphy, A, Oehmann, V, Nadar, V, Parker, A, Naidu, J, West, M, Nallasivan, M, Goza, J, Nguyen, T, Nomanee, S, Nielsen, R, Wilmot, M, Oberoi, M, Thakkar, N, Oppenheimer, K, Mccormick, J, Orchard, R, Garcia, L, Osborne, J, Gonzalez, M, Oza, S, Joseph, L, Patnam, S, Dennison, K, Pavon, H, Gorry, N, Pearlstein, R, Montayne, S, Pentz, W, Duncan, D, Peters, P, Chacon, L, Petruzziello, F, Morlando, F, Pettis, K, Brown, 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Grammer, M.
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Male ,Pyridines ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Embolism ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Edoxaban ,Atrial Fibrillation ,MESH: Double-Blind Method ,030212 general & internal medicine ,MESH: Warfarin ,Stroke ,MESH: Aged ,MESH: Middle Aged ,Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14] ,Hazard ratio ,General Medicine ,MESH: Follow-Up Studies ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,MESH: Atrial Fibrillation ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Female ,Adult ,Aged ,Anticoagulants ,Double-Blind Method ,Follow-Up Studies ,Hemorrhage ,Humans ,Thiazoles ,Warfarin ,MESH: Hemorrhage ,Andexanet alfa ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MESH: Enoxaparin ,MESH: Anticoagulants ,MESH: Stroke ,Dabigatran ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,MESH: Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Rivaroxaban ,MESH: Humans ,business.industry ,MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases ,MESH: Adult ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,MESH: Male ,chemistry ,business ,MESH: Female ,MESH: Embolism - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 125374.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Edoxaban is a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor with proven antithrombotic effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of edoxaban as compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation is not known. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial comparing two once-daily regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in 21,105 patients with moderate-to-high-risk atrial fibrillation (median follow-up, 2.8 years). The primary efficacy end point was stroke or systemic embolism. Each edoxaban regimen was tested for noninferiority to warfarin during the treatment period. The principal safety end point was major bleeding. RESULTS: The annualized rate of the primary end point during treatment was 1.50% with warfarin (median time in the therapeutic range, 68.4%), as compared with 1.18% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.79; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.99; P
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- 2013
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9. Electrochemical studies of grid and linear type M2+ (M=Zn, Cd and Pb) complexes of a bis-(hydrazone) bearing two symmetric carboxylic groups
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Elkin L. Romero, Wilson L. Giraldo, and Manuel N. Chaur
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Bearing (mechanical) ,M.2 ,Chemistry ,Hydrazone ,Type (model theory) ,Electrochemistry ,law.invention ,Crystallography ,electrochemistry ,spin crossover ,law ,Spin crossover ,hydrazones ,metallogrids - Abstract
Herein we present the preparation of a bis-(hydrazone) containing a pyridine-pyrimidine-pyridine framework. This compound can be visualized as a double arm system able of coordinating two metal ions in a terpyridine-like manner. By NMR (1D and 2D) it was determined a transoid conformation and an E configuration around the two imine double bonds. Complexation with M2+ (M = Zn, Cd, and Pb) ions resulted in grid and linear type structures which were studied by cyclic and squared wave voltammetry at different temperatures. No linear correlations of the redox potentials as a function of temperature were observed. The latter is likely due to rearrangements in the structure or to spin crossover events. The present results deserve further studies on the electronic properties of these types of compounds for the development of smart materials.
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- 2017
10. Outcomes With Edoxaban Versus Warfarin in Patients With Previous Cerebrovascular Events Findings From ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 (Effective Anticoagulation With Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48)
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Pan, Y. F., Lim, G., Desire, A., Tseng, W. K., Rost, Natalia S., Grammer, M., Khetarpal, S., Waseem, M., Zellner, C., Roper, E., Amin, M., Harden, M., Sababathi, R., Valpas, S., Bourlios, P., Kawaguchi, A., Mavronasiou, E., Pandurangi, U., Shams, S., Dichristin, U., Purayil, M. Padinhare, Munemasa, M., Angel, J., Gurusamy, P., Berni, A., Platner, N., Zeltser, D., El Jarroudi, M., Kisos, D., Haruna, T., Bernhardt, P., Coisne, D., Nakahara, Y., Li, W. M., Karamitsos, C., Tziortziotis, A., Essop, M., Nunkoo, T., Gani, M., Wilson, L., Kelfkens, Y., Mitha, I., Taljaard, J., Naidoo, D., Duki, Y., Snyders, F., Munnik, M., Soma, P., Johnston, H., Patki, N., Jasani, B., Van Der Merwe, N., Goosen, Y., Van Zyl, L., Le Roux, M., Venter, T., Wessels, L., Bae, H. J., Han, M. G., Cha, J. K., Kim, D. H., Cho, B. R., Ryu, D. R., Choi, H. H., Hong, K. S., Chung, W. S., Oh, Y. S., Han, S. H., Lee, K. H., Hong, T. J., Lee, H. W., Hyon, M. S., Jung, J. W., Jeon, H. K., Lee, J. M., Kang, D. H., Choi, K. 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Rostasne, Palinkas, A., Berk, M., Nagy, A., Garman, V., Bensimhon, D., Swaim, D., Beinart, S., Craig, M., Bedwell, N., Luis-Valdes, M., Bedoya, R., Hoffman, T., Beasley, R., Kolumban, E., Merkely, B., Kiss, K., Wulf, M., Takeda, M., Benton, J., Bartkowiak, A., Gordon, L., Erdogan, D., Barrington, P., Faircloth, C., Barker, T., Altonen, D., Barber, M., Campbell, G., Baman, R., Batista, M., Baine, S., Thompson, B., Ayesu, K., Ermis, C., Alvarez, M., Sanchez, A., Bowen, L., Sanjurjo, M., Codutti, O., Saravia Toledo, S., Formoso, I., Schmidberg, J., Baldwin, E., Awasty, V., Cobos, D., Aude, Y., Strickland, S., Medvegy, M., Kiss, T., Attanti, S., Matoltsy, A., Rasmussen, L., Arouni, A., Shoaf, R., Arnold, T., York, T., Kabul, K., Kanadasi, M., Goloboulicz, A., Anderson, J., Schygiel, P., Buzzetti, C., Severino, P., Morara, P., Sosa Liprandi, M., Teves, M., Vico, M., Oto, A., Turgut, O., Persechino, F., Morell, Y., Amin, K., Lane, B., Alsheikh, T., MacDonald, H., Almquist, A., Anderson, C., Paraskevaidis, T., Kolk, R., Tandogan, I., Stern, A., Yigit, F., Yigit, Z., Arstall, M., Hoffmann, B., Colquhoun, D., Price-Smith, S., Crimmins, D., Slattery, A., Karakai, H. Horvathne, Lupkovics, G., Di Lenarda, A., Kovacs, Z., Gadepalli, R., Mariani, M., Kumagai, S., Luttermann, M., Krishnan, H., Dart, A., Venneklaas, U., Kay, S., Lueders, S., De Servi, S., Grosse, B., Davis, S., Baranyai, M., Silver, G., Flecknoe-Brown, S., Gates, P., Kovacs, I., Salminen, O., Koczka, M., Jakal, A., Jones, S., Pirelli, S., Lohrbaecher-Kozak, I., Bauch, F., Koenig, H., Lehman, R., Kiss, R., Saha, D., Barai, A., Roy, D., Bekal, S., Feil, J. Felfoldine, Meusel, P., Morrison, H., Biscardi, R., Kis, E., Hirayama, A., Allison, J., Godsey, W., Aliyar, P., Genova-Peeva, E., Kosztyu, M., Kleinecke-Pohl, U., Alexander, J., Brubaker, S., Akhter, F., Schoen, B., Reddy, R., Shankar, A. Ravi, Jungmair, W., Schmid, S., Junggeburth, J., De Pace, D., Ahmadpour, H., De Caterina, R., Hussain, A., Kaik, J., Ahmad, A., Beck, P., Zoghi, M., Batushkin, V., Fink, P., Reiling, S., Miyamoto, N., Adler, P., McKeirnan, M., Li, J., Paul, V., Batta, C., Serup-Hansen, K., Vuriya, A., Horacek, T., Schuppe, M., Kanakaridisz, N., Varga, A., Kimizu, T., Purnell, P., Perrett, L., Kishore, R., Szto, G., O'Shea, V., Capiau, L., Banaeian, F., De Bleecker, J., de Koning, K., De Tollenaere, M., Kara, M., Fiok, J., Szatmari, J., De Bruyne, L., Edes, I., Tsukimine, A., Muskoczki, E., Wiggers, H., Jakobsen, U., Torp-Pedersen, C., Forgione, C., Harada, K., Dioszeghy, P., Almaraz, S. Padilla, Desfontaines, P., Tincani, G., Heidbuchel, H., Camas, L. Velasquez, Cuccia, C., Meeusen, K., Herzet, J., Malmendier, D., Guerra, L., Mairesse, G., Raepers, M., Parque, J., Clinckemaille, N., Scavee, C., Samayoa, C. Sanchez, Pozuelos, J. Mayen, Arakawa, S., Huyberechts, D., Stockman, D., Jacobs, C., Vandekerckhove, Y., Svenningsen, A., Sand, N., Azhdari, M., Derycker, K., Peruzzotti, L., Comi, G., Vanwelden, J., Mino, K., Cervi, E., Sanchez, M., Gilat, T., van Welden, J., Vervoort, G., Mestdagh, I., Vrolix, M., Bazylevych, A., Vlasyuk, Z., Raae, D., Raymond, I., Beerts, C., Wollaert, B., Denie, D., Vincenzo de Paola, A. Amato, Coutinho, E., Lotufo, P. Andrade, de Melo, R. Ferreira, Atie, J., Motta, C., Alves da Costa, F. Augusto, Lahav, M., Estrada, M. Rodas, Ferraz, R. Franchin, Precoma, D. Bertolim, Guevara, S., Contzen, C., Weihrauch, D., Sehnem, E., Botelho, R., Cunha, S., Brondani, R., Fleck, N., Buhr, M., Kandekar, S., Ladenburger, K., Lavagnino, A. Ovando, Braun, R., Ishimaru, S., Chaves Junior, H., Silva, J., Costantini, C., Barroso, D., Jimenez, T., De Patta, M., Pereira, V., Duda, N., Bereznyakov, I., Laimer, R., Tomita, H., Ishii, Y., Dutra, O., Morgado, S., Saporito, W. Faustino, Seroqui, M., Ferreira, L., Araujo, E., Finimundi, H., Daitz, C., Gagliardi, R., Pereira, G., Gomes, M., Gomes, A., Guimaraes, A., Lebedynskaya, M., Petrovic, V., Overgaard, K., Ninho, L., Olsen, R., Nielsen, H., Jaeger, C., Barash, B., Veng-Olsen, T., Dotsenko, S., Pereira, L., Iversen, H., Madsen, H., Kulynych, R., Dzyak, G., Vasilyeva, L., Faynyk, A., Sorokivskyy, M., Gavrysyuk, V., Schnelzer, P., Ibsen, H., Adler, J., Dzublik, Y., Horbach, L., Husyev, V., Bouzo, M., Babbar, A., Loof, A., Blanc, J., Godlevska, O., Melgar, I. Guzman, Marcoviciu, D., Ramirez, V. de Leon, Sehr, B., Beyer-Westendorf, J., Vierbeck, S., Decoulx, E., Samburg, Y., Jorge, J., Cury, C., Karpenko, O., Hassager, C., Milla, O. Ayau, Kaiser, S., Christensen, L., Christensen, H., Dodt, K., Zidkova, E., Samkova, D., Vodnansky, P., Almeida, A., Kalil, C., Radaelli, G., Sebba Barroso de Souza, W. Kunz, Morales, K., Labrova, R., Nevolina, I., Karpenko, Y., Leaes, P., Luiz, R. Osorio, Blihar, O., Kaydashev, I., Berbari, H., Spinar, J., Spacek, R., Almeida, J. Pimenta, Gozalo, A., Slaby, J., Reichert, P., Jirsova, E., Podrazil, P., Gerasimenko, N., Pisova, J., Exarchou, E., Havlova, I., Petrova, I., Kifnidis, K., Reis, G., Kolomyyits, S., Peterka, K., Olsr, J., Bansal, N., Nechanicky, R., Vasylets, V., Kopytsya, M., Melichar, M., Krocova, E., Machova, V., Ludka, O., Petyunina, O., Kotseruba, V., Berrouschot, J., Kvasnicka, J., Avellar, K., Kuchar, R., Kovar, P., Katz Weiand, L. Reis, Korantanis, K., Kosek, Z., Kostkova, G., Leipelt, J., Rocha, J., Ishibashi, Y., Lohman, J., Panella, M., Nozaki, T., Abi-Mansour, P., Dvoieglazova, M., Pyrgakis, V., Koval, V., Ohirko, O., Kochrt, M., Kobza, R., Koval', O., Jirmar, R., Sakamoto, S., Jerabek, O., Jelinek, Z., Jarkovsky, P., Jandik, J., Hubac, J., Honkova, M., Barros, R., Gregor, P., Rao, M., Jambula, H., Golan, L., Anzai, T., Rodrigues, L., Rocha, M. Rubia, Rodrigues, A., Rodrigues, D., dos Santos, F. Rossi, Pagnan, L. Goncalves, Sampaio, R., do Val, R., Saraiva, J., Francek, L., Florian, J., Ferkl, R., Elbl, L., Cermak, O., Burianova, H., Brtko, M., Pinto, B., and Yalcin, R.
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pyridines ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Brain Ischemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,Recurrence ,Edoxaban ,Internal medicine ,Atrial Fibrillation ,parasitic diseases ,Secondary Prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,cardiovascular diseases ,Stroke ,Aged ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Warfarin ,Anticoagulants ,Atrial fibrillation ,Thrombolysis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,Thiazoles ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,TIMI ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background and Purpose— Patients with atrial fibrillation and previous ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at high risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events despite anticoagulation. In this prespecified subgroup analysis, we compared warfarin with edoxaban in patients with versus without previous IS/TIA. Methods— ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 (Effective Anticoagulation With Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48) was a double-blind trial of 21 105 patients with atrial fibrillation randomized to warfarin (international normalized ratio, 2.0–3.0; median time-in-therapeutic range, 68.4%) versus once-daily edoxaban (higher-dose edoxaban regimen [HDER], 60/30 mg; lower-dose edoxaban regimen, 30/15 mg) with 2.8-year median follow-up. Primary end points included all stroke/systemic embolic events (efficacy) and major bleeding (safety). Because only HDER is approved, we focused on the comparison of HDER versus warfarin. Results— Of 5973 (28.3%) patients with previous IS/TIA, 67% had CHADS 2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, prior stroke/transient ischemic attack) >3 and 36% were ≥75 years. Compared with 15 132 without previous IS/TIA, patients with previous IS/TIA were at higher risk of both thromboembolism and bleeding (stroke/systemic embolic events 2.83% versus 1.42% per year; P P P P =0.02). No treatment subgroup interactions were found for primary efficacy ( P =0.86) or for intracranial hemorrhage ( P =0.28). Conclusions— Patients with atrial fibrillation with previous IS/TIA are at high risk of recurrent thromboembolism and bleeding. HDER is at least as effective and is safer than warfarin, regardless of the presence or the absence of previous IS or TIA. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00781391.
- Published
- 2016
11. Stroke and Mortality Risk in Patients With Various Patterns of Atrial Fibrillation: Results From the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial (Effective Anticoagulation With Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48)
- Author
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J., Sand, N., Raae, D., Raymond, I., Petrovic, V., Overgaard, K., Olsen, R., Nielsen, H., Veng-Olsen, T., Talajic, M., Iversen, H., Madsen, H., Ibsen, H., Loof, A., Hassager, C., Christensen, L., Christensen, H., Dodt, K., Zidkova, E., Samkova, D., Vodnansky, P., Labrova, R., Spinar, J., Spacek, R., Slaby, J., Reichert, P., Jirsova, E., Podrazil, P., Pisova, J., Havlova, I., Petrova, I., Peterka, K., Olsr, J., Nechanicky, R., Melichar, M., Krocova, E., Machova, V., Ludka, O., Kvasnicka, J., Kuchar, R., Kovar, P., Kosek, Z., Kostkova, G., Kochrt, M., Kobza, R., Jirmar, R., Jerabek, O., Jelinek, Z., Jarkovsky, P., Jandik, J., Hubac, J., Honkova, M., Gregor, P., Campisto, Y., Morissette, A., Sussman, J., Gao, M., Frahm, E., Golan, L., Mitrovic, V., Zheng, Y., Zapata Staub, J., Zheng, X., Francek, L., Florian, J., Ferkl, R., Elbl, L., Cermak, O., Burianova, H., Brtko, M., Kailey, P., Retamal Matus, L., Fonseca, J., Han, R. J., Velthuysen, G., Bugueno, C., Orozco Linares, L., Bobbie, C., Heath, J., Lopez Giraldo, D., Raddatz, K., Zhao, X. L., Voehringer, Voehringer, Scott, L., Ho, K., Ho, V., Chen, X. P., Car, S., Hoag, G., Bolton, R., O'Mahony, W., Banville, P., O'Hara, G., Nicholson, R., Lamoureux, U., Kunkelova, V., Najarali, A., Mucha, M., Roth, M., Morrison, D., Morely, A., Mawji, A., Studenikow, E., Maranda, C., Vaillancourt, T., Zhang, X., Dong, Y. G., Standring, R., Feng, C., Fu, G. S., Wang, J. Q., Beeton, I., Dunn, S., Blagden, M., Price, R., Camm, J., Dougal, K., Mondaca Mondaca, P., Chapman, O., Davies, D., Choy, A., Duff, J., Zheng, Z. Q., Wilmott, R., D'Costa, D., Douglas, H., Lie, F., Ramasamy, V., Lindsay, S., Atkinson, C., Moncada Corredor, M., Linker, N., Finlayson, M., Lip, G., Brown, R., MacCallum, P., Ebano, P., MacLeod, M., McGhee, C., Marazzi, P., Maxwell, T., Isted, C., More, R., Helliwell, L., Murdoch, D., Andrews, A., Newby, D., Flint, L., Pye, M., Wright, L., Avery, D., Senior, R., Young, G., Sopher, M., Kennard, S., Storey, R., Zhang, P., Bridge, C., Hong, K., Turner, W., Walker, M., Venkataraman, A., Gilchrist, M., Watkin, R., Chung, A., Wright, A., Wright, J., Cobos, J., Mueller-Glamann, M., Yang, Y. J., Jeric, M., Li, A. Y., Yang, K., Liang, Y. Z., Xu, Y. M., Gu, J. Y., Berka, L., Xu, J. H., You, Z. G., Li, Y. E., Syan, G., Hoefer, K., Rivera Rodriguez, E., Brodova, P., Ludwig, I., Obreque, C., Manzur, F., Builes, A., Hoffmann, U., Jaramillo Munoz, C., Dorn, S., Veltkamp, R., Hoffmann, S., Li, B. G., Potthoff, S., Bar, M., Vogt, S., Delgado, P., Zhou, S. X., Schuppe, M., Bergovec, M., Muegge, A., Teitelbaum, J., Barbera, S., Horacek, T., Torres Carrasco, G., Vrazic, H., Zhang, Y. L., Ciglenecki, N., Liao, D. N., Pincetti, C., Fink, P., Teitelbaum, I., Carmona Perez, M., Junggeburth, J., Liu, Y., Schmid, S., Li, Z. Q., Jungmair, W., Spitzer, S., Opazo, M., Lu, Z. H., Tusek, S., Ferri Certic, J., Romic, I., Francetic, I., Makar Ausperger, K., Jelic, V., Jaksic Jurinjak, S., Knezevic, A., Lichtenstein, T., Lam, H., Bakliza, Z., Sutalo, K., Lam, S., Romero Llamas, R., Ma, S. M., Huynh, T., St-Germain, L., Luton, R., Accini, J., Lainesse, A., Perkins, L., Douglas, S., Dewar, C., Ma, P., Kouz, S., Kirner, D., Steiner, R., Matthews, J., MacCallum, C., Cvitkusic Lukenda, K., Schoen, B., Kleinecke-Pohl, U., Meusel, P., Koenig, H., Bauch, F., Lohrbaecher-Kozak, I., Grosse, B., Lueders, S., Venneklaas, U., Luttermann, M., Wulf, M., Maus, O., Seib, M., Malette, P., Roberts, P., Yang, Z. Y., Roy, M., Labonte, R., Kong, Y. Q., Samardzic, P., Qu, Z., Hong, L., Buksa, B., Qiu, Y., Tremblay, M., Talbot, P., Accini, M., Hernandez, H., Wang, D. M., Qi, S. Y., Corbalan, R., Wang, G. P., Cano, N., Aldana Diaz, I., Shi, X. J., Martinez, D., Wu, S. L., Fernandez Ruiz, R., Manriquez Silva, L., Manriquez, L., Rebolledo, C., Wei, M., Leon Pineda, L., Arroyave, C., Lopetegui, M., Arratia Diaz, P., Huang, D., Florenzano, F., Parada, A., Bonin, K., Delgado Restrepo, J., Stoehring, R., Taggeselle, J., Zarpentin, C., Huikuri, Heikke, Puripun, E., Yarows, S., Giugliano, Robert P., Scirica, Benjamin M., Wood, K., Sheehan, T., Yasin, M., Worley, S., Ruff, Christian T., Link, Mark S., Pointer, S., Capasso-Gulve, E., Yi, J., Dongas, B., and Yalcin, R.
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_mechanism_of_action ,Pyridines ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Factor Xa Inhibitor ,Hemorrhage ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Edoxaban ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Thromboembolism ,Atrial Fibrillation ,Medicine ,Humans ,atrial fibrillation ,cardiovascular diseases ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Stroke ,Aged ,business.industry ,Warfarin ,Anticoagulants ,Atrial fibrillation ,Thrombolysis ,thromboembolism ,bleeding ,medicine.disease ,mortality ,stroke ,Thiazoles ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,TIMI ,medicine.drug ,Factor Xa Inhibitors - Abstract
Background— Whether the pattern of atrial fibrillation (AF) modifies the risk/benefit of anticoagulation is controversial. In ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial (Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48), the factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban was noninferior to warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolic events and significantly reduced bleeding and cardiovascular mortality. However, detailed analyses by AF pattern have not been reported. Methods and Results— The 21 105 patients were categorized as having paroxysmal (P -adj =0.015) and permanent AF (1.95%/year; P -adj =0.004). Overall, all-cause mortality also was lower with paroxysmal (3.0%/year) compared with persistent (4.4%/year; P -adj P -adj Conclusions— In ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial, patients with paroxysmal AF suffered fewer thromboembolic events and deaths compared with those with persistent and permanent AF. The efficacy and safety profile of edoxaban as compared with warfarin was consistent across the 3 patterns of AF. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00781391.
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- 2016
12. Functional biomarkers for the acute effects of alcohol on the central nervous system in healthy volunteers
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Remco W. M. Zoethout, Annelies E. Ippel, Joop M. A. van Gerven, Albert Dahan, and Wilson L. Delgado
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Pharmacology ,Acute effects ,Drug ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ethanol ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Central nervous system ,Alcohol ,Cns effects ,Bioinformatics ,Interaction studies ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Healthy volunteers ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,business ,media_common - Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) effects of acute alcohol administration have been frequently assessed. Such studies often use a wide range of methods to study each of these effects. Unfortunately, the sensitivity of these tests has not completely been ascertained. A literature search was performed to recognize the most useful tests (or biomarkers) for identifying the acute CNS effects of alcohol in healthy volunteers. All tests were grouped in clusters and functional domains. Afterwards, the effect of alcohol administration on these tests was scored as improvement, impairment or as no effect. Furthermore, dose–response relationships were established. A total number of 218 studies, describing 342 different tests (or test variants) were evaluated. Alcohol affected a wide range of CNS domains. Divided attention, focused attention, visuo-motor control and scales of feeling high and of subjective drug effects were identified as the most sensitive functional biomarkers for the acute CNS effects of alcohol. The large number of CNS tests that are used to determine the effects of alcohol interferes with the identification of the most sensitive ones and of drug–response relationships. Our results may be helpful in selecting rational biomarkers for studies investigating the acute CNS effects of alcohol or for future alcohol- interaction studies.
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- 2011
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13. Dysregulated Humoral Immunity to NontyphoidalSalmonellain HIV-Infected African Adults
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James J. Gilchrist, Eduard E. Zijlstra, Denisse L. Leyton, Esther N. Gondwe, Chisomo L. Msefula, Melita A. Gordon, Mark T. Drayson, Adam F. Cunningham, Wilson L. Mandala, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ian C. M. MacLennan, Saeeda Bobat, Rainer Doffinger, Joep J. van Oosterhout, Malcolm E. Molyneux, Robert A. Kingsley, Ian R. Henderson, Calman A. MacLennan, Margaret Goodall, Mark Cobbold, Constantino López-Macías, and Gordon Dougan
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Adult ,Lipopolysaccharides ,Salmonella typhimurium ,Malawi ,Salmonella ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Bacteremia ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Article ,Immunoglobulin G ,Microbiology ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immunity ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Antibodies, Blocking ,Complement Activation ,Multidisciplinary ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ,biology ,Antibody titer ,O Antigens ,medicine.disease ,Antibodies, Bacterial ,Virology ,chemistry ,Mutation ,Salmonella Infections ,Humoral immunity ,biology.protein ,Disease Susceptibility ,Antibody ,Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins - Abstract
HIV andSalmonellaHIV-positive individuals who are infected with nontyphoidal strains ofSalmonella entericaoften succumb to high morbidity and mortality. Why this is the case is unknown.MacLennanet al.(p.508; see the Perspective byMoir and Fauci) have uncovered a dysregulated antibody response toSalmonellathat is the likely culprit. Sera from HIV-infected individuals do a poor job of killingS.Typhimurium, despite surprisingly elevated antibody titers. Experiments showed that HIV-infected serum inhibited the power of normal serum to killSalmonella. Inhibition was specific to antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall ofSalmonella. Hence, HIV-infected sera was able to killSalmonellastrains lacking LPS, and removing LPS immunoglobulin G from infected sera permittedSalmonellakilling. Thus, not only does HIV cause defects in cell-mediated immunity but it also seems to impair humoral immunity, with severe consequences for multiple infections.
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- 2010
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14. Cerebrovascular events in 21 105 patients with atrial fibrillation randomized to edoxaban versus warfarin: Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48
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Dougal, K., Venkataraman, A., Murdoch, D., Blagden, M., Dunn, S., MacCallum, P., Young, G., Lip, G., Senior, R., Brown, R., Sopher, M., Ebano, P., Linker, N., Atkinson, C., Lindsay, S., MacLeod, M., More, R., Ramasamy, V., Chapman, O., Lie, F., Beeton, I., McGhee, C., Wilmott, R., Dickinson, D., Douglas, H., Davies, D., D'Costa, D., Finlayson, M., Wright, A., Avery, D., Wright, L., Pye, M., Marazzi, P., Flint, L., Newby, D., Kennard, S., Andrews, A., Storey, R., Helliwell, L., Bridge, C., Choy, A., Turner, W., Walker, M., Wright, J., Smith, S., Jones, D., Maxwell, T., Chung, A., Isted, C., Cohen, A., Camm, J., Price, R., Watkin, R., Gilchrist, M., Duff, J., Aggarwal, R., Eldred, R., Adler, P., Chehayeb, R., Vandekerckhove, Y., Gordon, L., Jones, S., Young, C., Coyle, G. Stagi, Ferguson, D., Lang, J., Simmons, T., Langevin, E., Faucett, S., Ledbetter, L., Royse, H., Lentz, M., Smith, D., Lesser, M., Hartley, L., Lewis, D., Bonds, C., Lillestol, M., Miller, D., Ling, L., Murphy, R., Littlefield, R., Wofford, E., Lomnitz, D., Shah, D., Lone, B., Davids, M., Looby, R., Ault, S., Lui, H., Wright, H., Lurie, M., Edelstein, J., Macomber, J., Bush, D., Magee, A., Doctor, A., Mainigi, S., Lisiecki, B., Makam, S., Casas, R., Mandviwala, M., Hernandez, S., Marar, I., Rabadi-Marar, D., Marenberg, M., Bedenko, E., Massin, E., Hicks, T., McCartney, M., Stubbs, L., McGarvey, J., Schwarz, L., McGuire, K., Miranda, J., McKenzie, M., Rodkey, K., McKnight, T., Paul, J., McLaurin, B., Lack, A., Mega, J., Marti, J., Meholick, A., Skinner, J., Mehrle, A., Wall, J., Mendelson, R., Cervellione, K., Mercado, A., Cajulis, C., Michlin, B., Romero-Colon, J., Milas, J., Sanders, D., Miller, R., Sanchez, S., Miller, S., Gryczan, J., Mody, F., Strugatsky, S., Moran, J., Garner, S., Morledge, J., Bowman, B., Mouhaffel, A., Parrott, N., Mounsey, P., Schuler, C., Mowdy, M., Todd, S., Mullen, P., Raziano, S., Murphy, A., Oehmann, V., Nadar, V., Parker, A., Naidu, J., West, M., Nallasivan, M., Goza, J., Nguyen, T., Nomanee, S., Nielsen, R., Wilmot, M., Oberoi, M., Thakkar, N., Oppenheimer, K., McCormick, J., Orchard, R., Garcia, L., Osborne, J., Gonzalez, M., Oza, S., Joseph, L., Patnam, S., Dennison, K., Pavon, H., Gorry, N., Pearlstein, R., Montayne, S., Pentz, W., Duncan, D., Peters, P., Chacon, L., Petruzziello, F., Morlando, F., Pettis, K., Brown, F., Pezzella, S., Kirk, D., Poulathas, A., Cush, S., Pratt, R., Neeper, L., Pribble, A., Lowe, K., Pudi, K., Sham, L., Pugeda, J., Ebert, J., Quadrel, M., Rafla, E., Quinlan, E., Reed, C., Quinn, J., Hemmen, C., Rama, P., Domingo, D., Redondo, V., Wroblewski, J., Renzi, M., Stanley, E., Richwine, R., Pazier, P., Roberts, J., Riofrio, K., Braun, D., Robinson, J., Cherrico, M., Roehll, W., Hollihan, P., Rosado, J., Barnhorst, M., Rosen, R., Martin, C., Ross, S., Freeman, R., Ruoff, G., Nelson, T., Sacco, J., Ball, E., Samal, A., Schomburg, J., Sandberg, J., Lafave, J., Savin, V., Clifton, R., Schaefer, S., Fekete, A., Schneider, R., Schneider, W., Schulman, D., Mercer, S., Seals, A., Ullig, T., Holt, A., Seide, H., Mather, N., Shah, G., Witt, P., Shalaby, A., Seese, M., Shanes, J., Fleets, J., Shaoulian, E., Hren, A., Sheikh, K., Hengerer, T., Shih, H., Browning, J., Shoukfeh, M., Stephenson, L., Siler, T., Champagne, M., Simpson, P., Meyer, R., Singh, N., Turner, K., Singh, V., Nelson, M., Skierka, R., Hughes, B., Keene, R., Smith, R., Hodnett, P., Spangenthal, S., Thomason, L., Sperling, M., Vasquez, E., Spivack, E., McCartney, P., Staniloae, C., Liu, M., Steljes, A., Cox, C., Struble, R., Vittitow, T., Suresh, D., Frost, J., Swerchowsky, V., Freemyer, D., Szulawski, I., Herwehe, S., Tahirkheli, N., Springer, K., Takata, T., Bruton, T., Talano, J., Leo, L., Tami, L., Corchado, D., Tatarko, M., Swauger, M., Tawney, K., Dastoli, K., Teague, S., Young, K., Tee, H., Mitchell, T., Teixeira, J., Southam, D., Torres, M., Romero, N., Tucker, P., Salas, L., Updegrove, J., Hanna, K., Val-Mejias, J., Harrelson, K. Gonzalez, Vemireddy, D., Cardoza, T., Verma, S., Parsons, T., Vicari, R., Warren, K., Vijay, N., Washam, M., Vossler, M., Kilcup, S., Walsh, R., Renaud, K., Ward, S., Locklear, T., Waxman, F., Sanchez, G., Weiss, R., St Laurent, B., Westcott, J., Truva, C., Williams, D., Gibson, C., Williams, R., Dowling, C., Willis, J., VonGerichten, S., Wood, K., Capasso-Gulve, E., Worley, S., Pointer, S., Yarows, S., Sheehan, T., Yasin, M., Preston, S., Yi, J., Dongas, B., Yousuf, K., Fisher, M., Zakhary, B., Curtis, S., Zeig, S., Mason, T., Zellner, C., Harden, M., Roper, E., Waseem, M., Grammer, M., Ruff, Christian T., Giugliano, Robert P., Beerts, C., Vrolix, M., Mestdagh, I., Vervoort, G., van Welden, J., Vanwelden, J., Derycker, K., Jacobs, C., Stockman, D., Huyberechts, D., Scavee, C., Clinckemaille, N., Parque, J., Raepers, M., Mairesse, G., Malmendier, D., Herzet, J., Meeusen, K., Heidbuchel, H., Tincani, G., Desfontaines, P., De Bruyne, L., De Tollenaere, M., de Koning, K., De Bleecker, J., Banaeian, F., Capiau, L., O'Shea, V., Szto, G., Perrett, L., Purnell, P., Batta, C., Paul, V., Li, J., McKeirnan, M., George, F., Valentine, H., Gerber, J., Hinchion, N., Morrison, H., Lehman, R., Gates, P., Flecknoe-Brown, S., Silver, G., Davis, S., Kay, S., Dart, A., Slattery, A., Crimmins, D., Price-Smith, S., Colquhoun, D., Hoffmann, B., Arstall, M., Paraskevaidis, T., Anderson, C., Morell, Y., Vico, M., Teves, M., Sosa Liprandi, M., Morara, P., Severino, P., Buzzetti, C., Schygiel, P., Goloboulicz, A., Schmidberg, J., Formoso, I., Saravia Toledo, S., Codutti, O., Sanjurjo, M., Gillespie, E., Keane-Richmond, P., Gogia, H., Ewing, B., Goldscher, D., Latteri, J., Goldstein, M., Bowen, L., Sanchez, A., Alvarez, M., Rodriguez, M., Navarrete, S., Ramos, H., Venturini, C., Prado, A., Fernandez, E., Pozzer, D., Casares, E., Povedano, G., Tommasi, A., Piskorz, D., Verdini, E., Nul, D., Gandur, H., Muntaner, J., Funes, I., Marino, J., Calderon, M., Manuale, O., Carne, M., Mackinnon, I., Raimondi, G., Lotti, J., Shatsky, K., Lorente, C., Vignau, S., Llanos, J., Nigro, A., Litvak, B., Iglesias, M., Liniado, G., Belcuore, M., Lanternier, G., Monaco, F., Kevorkian, R., Jure, D., Jure, H., Bianchini, M., Hominal, M., von Wulffen, M., Goicoechea, R., Huerta, M., Giannaula, R., Eden, M., Giacomi, G., Ceirano, C., Garrido, M., Perlo, D., Garcia Duran, R., Meiller, F., Gant Lopez, J., Zanotti, A., Fuselli, J., Arrieta, M., Femenia, F., Iriarte, M., Falu, E., Facello, M., Facello, A., Davolos, M., Estol, C., Moreno, V., Dran, R., Cendali, G., D'Amico, A., Bocanera, M., Cuneo, C., Rosell, M., Cuello, J., Morandini, M., Colombo, H., Saa Zarandon, R., Caruso, O., Novas, V., Cartasegna, L., Fracaro, V., Caccavo, A., Saravia, M., Bustamante Labarta, G., Valle, M., Budassi, N., Berli, M., Petrucci, J., Beloscar, J., Caceres, M., Amuchastegui, M., Ameriso, P., Ameriso, S., Garcia, M., Alvarez, C., Reguero, M., Allall, O., Rosales, E., Albisu, J., Ahuad Guerrero, R., Gonzalez, C., Vogelmann, O., Braunwald, Eugene, Antman, Elliott M., Mercuri, Michele, Shi, Minggao, Dave, Jay, Duggal, Anil, Betcher, Joshua M., Grip, Laura T., Murphy, Sabina A., Deenadayalu, Naveen, Lowe, Cheryl, Wiviott, Stephen D., Silverman, Scott, Gowda, S., Rafala, E., Graham, S., Bonora, M., Griffin, S., Aull, L., Griffin, J., Goodman, V., Grossman, C., Davis, A., Grove, D., Mabe, K., Guarino, J., Gabela, W., Guarnieri, T., Guerrero, Guerrero, Foster, B., Guthrie, R., Felsman, D., Gvora, T., McLean, R., Rost, Natalia S., Hack, T., Morelli, L., Hamroff, G., Bentivenga, L., Han, M., Cavanna, L., Harris, J., Bobade, M., Hearne, S., Krater, C., Heiman, M., Dandekar, U., Henderson, D., Millard, D., Henry, S., Harkins, V., Hermany, P., Batchell, K., Herrod, J., Miranda, D., Herson, S., Carey, G., Hinchman, D., Vieira, P., Hippert, R., Dutter, S., Hoekstra, J., Homan, J., Homayouni, A., Horton, K., Sloss, D., Hotchkiss, D., Turner, N., Houchin, V., Adams, K., Howard, V., Hays, D., Howard, L., 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Avraham, Elias, M., Gilat, T., Lahav, M., Marcoviciu, D., Dicker, D., Lasri, E., Atar, S., Dharmarao, A., Zanwar, I., Thakur, B., Vinod, M. Vijan, Kaur, A., Varma, S., Thankaraj, L., Srinivas, A., Gupta, R., Singh, G., Sudheer, R., Shetty, G., Sethia, S., Sethia, A., Bansal, N., Sethi, K., Singh, R., Sawhney, J., Arora, T., Sarna, M., Jadhav, D., Sant, H., Gadepalli, R., Saha, D., Barai, A., Roy, D., Bekal, S., Reddy, R., Shankar, A. Ravi, Vuriya, A., Rao, M., Jambula, H., Premchand, R., Kharalkar, H., Pinto, B., Babbar, A., Patki, N., Jasani, B., Parekh, P., Sababathi, R., Pandurangi, U., Shams, S., Purayil, M. Padinhare, Angel, J., Gurusamy, P., Oomaan, A., Natarajan, S., Narendra, J., Shelke, S., Namjoshi, D., Francis, V., Menon, J., Sharma, P., Mathur, A., Bhaskarwar, P., Mardikar, H., Kale, M., Lavhe, P., Anthony, A., Kumbla, M., Francis, J., Kumar, A., Karpuram, M., Kumar, P., Lawande, A., Kulkarni, G., Deokar, M., Kulkarni, R., Kotiwale, V., Krishnan, H., Kishore, R., Kandekar, S., Kandekar, B., Raut, N., Kale, V., Joshi, H., Thomas, R., Joseph, J., Oommen, D., Joseph, S., Pahuja, M., Jain, R., Ghume, A., Hiremath, J., Thakor, G., Hardas, S., Savanth, P., Hadan, S., Singh, P., Gupta, J., Saini, A., Goyal, N., Mali, N., Chopda, M., Karnwal, N., Somaraju, B., Calambur, N., Bhuti, M., Biniwale, A., Rathi, A., Bhargava, V., Solanki, R., Bharani, A., Surushe, S., Benjarge, P., Sheth, T., Banker, D., Reddy, J., Babu, R., Rao, B., Babu, P., Shaikh, A., Avvaru, G., Shree, R., Arora, V., Memon, A., Arneja, J., Ranka, R., Agarwal, D., Abdullakutty, J., Malhan, S., Kincses, M., Vertes, A., Marosi, A., Tomcsanyi, J., Szakal, I., Sipos, T., Ruzsa, D., Simor, T., Bognar, A., Sayour, A., Toth, S. Rostasne, Palinkas, A., Nagy, A., Kolumban, E., Merkely, B., Kiss, K., Medvegy, M., Kiss, T., Matoltsy, A., Karakai, H. Horvathne, Lupkovics, G., Kovacs, Z., Baranyai, M., Kovacs, I., Koczka, M., Jakal, A., Kiss, R., Feil, J. Felfoldine, Kis, E., Kosztyu, M., Kanakaridisz, N., Varga, A., Fiok, J., Szatmari, J., Edes, I., Muskoczki, E., Dioszeghy, P., Almaraz, S. Padilla, Camas, L. Velasquez, Guerra, L., Samayoa, C. Sanchez, Pozuelos, J. Mayen, Sanchez, M., Estrada, M. Rodas, Guevara, S., Lavagnino, A. Ovando, Jimenez, T., Melgar, I. Guzman, Ramirez, V. de Leon, Milla, O. Ayau, Korantanis, K., Pyrgakis, V., Kartsagkoulis, E., Olympios, C., Dimitra, K., Moschos, N., Daskalaki, A., Kifnidis, K., Exarchou, E., Karamitsos, C., Tziortziotis, A., Bourlios, P., Mavronasiou, E., Alexopoulos, D., Winter, K., Wolde, C., Buelow-Johansen, B., Winkelmann, B., Weyland, K., Buchholz, M., Voehringer, Voehringer, Ludwig, I., Veltkamp, R., Zarpentin, C., Taggeselle, J., Stoehring, R., Bonin, K., Spitzer, S., Baylacher, M., Sohn, H., Gold, G., Seibert, H., Hellmers, J., Schreckenberg, A., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, A., Schiewe, C., Dreykluft, K., Ellis, J., Cristaldi, J., Finsterbusch, T., Erenrich, N., Schenkenberger, I., Frommhold, R., Schellong, S., Szymanowski, N., Schaefer, A., Kuehlenborg, A., Rinke, A., Pilipenko, H., Rack, K., Kuhlmann, M., Proskynitopoulos, N., Pohl, W., Lewinsky, D., Piechatzek, R., Raddatz, K., Mueller-Glamann, M., Barbera, S., Muegge, A., Vogt, S., Mitrovic, V., Frahm, E., Meyer-Pannwitt, U., Braemer, U., Meissner, G., Hoefer, K., Maus, O., Wulf, M., Luttermann, M., Venneklaas, U., Lueders, S., Grosse, B., Lohrbaecher-Kozak, I., Bauch, F., Koenig, H., Meusel, P., Kleinecke-Pohl, U., Schoen, B., Jungmair, W., Schmid, S., Junggeburth, J., Fink, P., Horacek, T., Schuppe, M., Hoffmann, S., Dorn, S., Hoffmann, U., Dieckheuer, U., Heuer, H., Peitz, M., Hartmann, A., Otto, A., Grigat, C., Manuela, W., Fuchs, R., Schneider, K., Forck-Boedeker, K., Faghih, M., Herfurth, B., Drescher, T., Kranz, P., Degtyareva, E., Ayasse, D., Daut, W., Kara, M., Contzen, C., Weihrauch, D., Buhr, M., Ladenburger, K., Braun, R., Schnelzer, P., Bouzo, M., Sehr, B., Beyer-Westendorf, J., Vierbeck, S., Berrouschot, J., Dichristin, U., Bernhardt, P., Wurow, A., Al-Zoebi, A., Duprat, C., Roudaut, R., Leparree, S., Poulard, J., Corbut, S., Kacet, S., Deruche, E., Hermida, J., Arfaoui, M., Dinanian, S., El Jarroudi, M., Decoulx, E., Berger, N., Coisne, D., Dias, P., Blanc, J., Berbari, H., Belhassane, A., Boyer, M., Babuty, D., Boursin, P., Amarenco, P., El Jarroudi, F., Agraou, B., Le Heuzey, J., Nappila, H., Virtanen, V., Salminen, O., Rasi, H., Sankari, T., Nyman, K., Viitaniemi, J., Maenpaa, A., Laheaar, M., Lucijanic, T., Lappalainen, T., Jakala, P., Valpas, S., Hussi, E., Kaarleenkaski, S., Huikuri, H., Ratnik, E., Vahula, V., Rajasalu, R., Rosenthal, A., Voitk, J., Paumets, M., Rivis, L., Laane, E., Kolk, R., Stern, A., Kaik, J., Serup-Hansen, K., Wiggers, H., Jakobsen, U., Torp-Pedersen, C., Svenningsen, A., Sand, N., Raae, D., Raymond, I., Petrovic, V., Overgaard, K., Olsen, R., Nielsen, H., Veng-Olsen, T., Iversen, H., Madsen, H., Ibsen, H., Loof, A., Hassager, C., Christensen, L., Christensen, H., Dodt, K., Zidkova, E., Samkova, D., Vodnansky, P., Labrova, R., Spinar, J., Johnson, C., Spacek, R., Slaby, J., Reichert, P., Jirsova, E., Podrazil, P., Pisova, J., Havlova, I., Petrova, I., Peterka, K., Olsr, J., Nechanicky, R., Melichar, M., Krocova, E., Machova, V., Ludka, O., Kvasnicka, J., Kuchar, R., Kovar, P., Kosek, Z., Kostkova, G., Kochrt, M., Kobza, R., Jirmar, R., Jerabek, O., Jelinek, Z., Jarkovsky, P., Jandik, J., Hubac, J., Honkova, M., Gregor, P., Golan, L., Francek, L., Florian, J., Ferkl, R., Elbl, L., Cermak, O., O'Brien, J., Burianova, H., Brtko, M., Kunkelova, V., Berka, L., Brodova, P., Bar, M., Bergovec, M., Vrazic, H., Bakliza, Z., Sutalo, K., Kirner, D., Steiner, R., Cvitkusic Lukenda, K., Samardzic, P., Buksa, B., Knezevic, A., Jaksic Jurinjak, S., Ettinger, N., Shipp, A., Jelic, V., Makar Ausperger, K., Francetic, I., Romic, I., Ferri Certic, J., Tusek, S., Ciglenecki, N., Jeric, M., Car, S., Carevic, V., Bagatin, J., Perdomo Mejia, I., Sanchez Vallejo, G., Gonzales, C., Quintero, A., Fonseca, J., Orozco Linares, L., Lopez Giraldo, D., Moncada Corredor, M., Rivera Rodriguez, E., Manzur, F., Builes, A., Jaramillo Munoz, C., Delgado, P., Hernandez, H., Aldana Diaz, I., Fernandez Ruiz, R., Arroyave, C., Delgado Restrepo, J., Leon Pineda, L., Cano, N., Accini, M., Accini, J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhou, S. X., Li, B. G., Zheng, Z. Q., Wang, J. Q., Zhao, X. L., Han, R. J., Zhao, R. P., Kang, H., Zhang, Z., Lin, Y. N., Zhang, H. Q., Qiang, H., Everhart, B., DeSalle, D., Fahmy, R., Watkins, D., Yuan, Z. Y., Li, L. L., Yu, B., Xu, Y. P., Yin, Y. H., Gao, M., Zheng, Y., Feld, L., Zheng, X., Tameron, A., Feldman, J., Tang, N., Felten, W., Yang, Y. J., Li, A. Y., Yang, K., Liang, Y. Z., Xu, Y. M., Gu, J. Y., Xu, J. H., Li, Y. E., Wu, S. L., Huang, D., Wei, M., Shi, X. J., Wang, G. P., Qi, S. Y., Wang, D. M., Yang, Z. Y., Ma, S. M., Lu, Z. H., Liu, L., Gu, X. J., Liao, D. N., Liu, Y., Prior, J., Fialkow, J., Calvo, M., Li, Z. Q., Liu, B., Finkel, M., Shriver, D., Finkelstein, S., Fischell, T., Drew, B., Fishbein, G., Donahue, S., Flores, E., Slayton, C., Forman, S., Solis, A., Frais, M., Thrope, C., Franco, M., Gentry, P., French, W., Morales, C., Friedlander, I., Smith, K., Gaffney, M., Jones, J., Li, W. M., Kong, Y. Q., Li, T. F., Liu, H., Li, L., Qu, Z., Jiang, X. J., Qiu, Y., Hong, L., You, Z. G., Hong, K., Zhang, P., Fu, G. S., Feng, C., Dong, Y. G., Zhang, X., Chen, X. P., Xie, X. D., Chen, J. Z., Xu, G. L., Bai, F., Grandon Azua, M., Yovaniniz, P., Lara Lara, C., Stockins, B., Campisto, Y., Zapata Staub, J., Potthoff, S., Torres Carrasco, G., Pincetti, C., Carmona Perez, M., Opazo, M., Romero Llamas, R., Martinez, D., Manriquez Silva, L., Manriquez, L., Rebolledo, C., Lopetegui, M., Arratia Diaz, P., Florenzano, F., Parada, A., Corbalan, R., Obreque, C., Cobos, J., Mondaca Mondaca, P., Bugueno, C., Retamal Matus, L., Balboa, W., Mabee, J., Woodford, T., Caterini, T., Wharton, S., Morley, A., Wahby, R., Giesbrecht, L., Velthuysen, G., Teitelbaum, J., Teitelbaum, I., Tremblay, M., Talbot, P., David, D., Talajic, M., Bobbie, C., Syan, G., Kailey, P., Sussman, J., Morissette, A., St-Hilaire, R., Silverio, G., Shu, D., Marchand, C., Rupka, D., Bozek, B., Ricci, J., Nethercott, C., Qureshi, A., Turri, L., Polasek, P., Sardin, V., Pesant, Y., Carroll, L., Parkash, R., Bolton, R., O'Mahony, W., Banville, P., O'Hara, G., Nicholson, R., Lamoureux, U., Garb, J., Najarali, A., Krider, J., Mucha, M., Roth, M., Morrison, D., Morely, A., Mawji, A., Studenikow, E., Maranda, C., Vaillancourt, T., Malette, P., Matthews, J., MacCallum, C., Seib, M., Ma, P., Douglas, S., Luton, R., Roberts, P., Lichtenstein, T., Lam, H., Lam, S., St-Germain, L., Lainesse, A., Dewar, C., Labonte, R., Roy, M., Kouz, S., Perkins, L., Huynh, T., Standring, R., Hoag, G., Ho, V., Ho, K., Scott, L., Heath, J., Hatheway, R., Houbraken, D., Viau, C., Fortin, C., Zondag, M., Eikelboom, J., Dufresne, M., Kubanska, A., du Preez, M., Denis, I., Coutu, B., Masson, C., Costi, P., Gauthier, M., Constance, C., Valley, S., Cleveland, D., Vansickle, L., Chilvers, M., Lepage, C., Otis, J., Cha, J., Hundseth, M., Bose, S., Stafford, C., Bhargava, R., Antle, S., Archibald, J., Manoylov, E., Kitova, M., Tzekova, M., Tumbeva, D., Tumbev, H., Nyagina, M., Todorov, G., Momchilova-Lozeva, D., Staneva, A., Vasilev, I., Popov, A., Milusheva, T., Petranov, S., Kostov, K., Pencheva, G., Vasilev, D., Nikolov, F., Stoyanovski, V., Mincheva, V., Miteva, B., Mihov, A., Manolova, A., Kamenova, P., Hergeldjieva, V., Kinova, E., Goudev, A., Kostova, E., Georgiev, B., Gergova, V., Donova, T., Milcheva, N., Denchev, S., Parishev, G., Chompalova, B., Zimmermann, E. Burger, Zimmermann, S., Almeida, M., Boas, F. Villas, Lustosa, E., Sobral Filho, D., Carraro, A., Simoes, M., Vicente, C., Saraiva, J., do Val, R., Sampaio, R., Pagnan, L. Goncalves, dos Santos, F. Rossi, Rodrigues, D., Rodrigues, A., Rocha, M. Rubia, Rodrigues, L., Barros, R., Rocha, J., Leipelt, J., Katz Weiand, L. Reis, Avellar, K., Reis, G., Gozalo, A., Almeida, J. Pimenta, Luiz, R. Osorio, Leaes, P., Morales, K., Sebba Barroso de Souza, W. Kunz, Radaelli, G., Kalil, C., Almeida, A., Kaiser, S., Cury, C., Jorge, J., Pereira, L., Jaeger, C., Ninho, L., Guimaraes, A., Gomes, A., Gomes, M., Pereira, G., Gagliardi, R., Daitz, C., Finimundi, H., Araujo, E., Ferreira, L., Seroqui, M., Saporito, W. Faustino, Morgado, S., Dutra, O., Laimer, R., Duda, N., Pereira, V., De Patta, M., Barroso, D., Costantini, C., Silva, J., Chaves Junior, H., Fleck, N., Brondani, R., Cunha, S., Botelho, R., Sehnem, E., Precoma, D. Bertolim, Ferraz, R. Franchin, Alves da Costa, F. Augusto, Motta, C., Atie, J., de Melo, R. Ferreira, Lotufo, P. Andrade, Coutinho, E., Vincenzo de Paola, A. Amato, Denie, D., and Wollaert, B.
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_mechanism_of_action ,medicine.drug_class ,Pyridines ,Factor Xa Inhibitor ,Infarction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Double-Blind Method ,Edoxaban ,Internal medicine ,Atrial Fibrillation ,medicine ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,cardiovascular diseases ,Stroke ,Aged ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Anticoagulant ,Warfarin ,Anticoagulants ,Atrial fibrillation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Thiazoles ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background and Purpose— The once-daily oral factor Xa inhibitor, edoxaban, is as effective as warfarin in preventing stroke and systemic embolism while decreasing bleeding in a phase III trial of patients with atrial fibrillation at moderate–high stroke risk. Limited data regarding cerebrovascular events with edoxaban were reported previously. Methods— We analyzed the subtypes of cerebrovascular events in 21 105 patients participating in Effective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48 (ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48) comparing outcomes among patients randomized to warfarin versus 2 edoxaban regimens (high dose, low dose). The primary end point for this prespecified analysis of cerebrovascular events was all stroke (ischemic plus hemorrhagic), defined as an abrupt onset of focal neurological deficit because of infarction or bleeding with symptoms lasting ≥24 hours or fatal in Results— Patients randomized to high-dose edoxaban had fewer strokes on-treatment (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.98) than warfarin (median time-in-therapeutic range, 68.4%); patients in the low-dose edoxaban group had similar rates (hazard ratio, 1.10 versus warfarin; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.32). Rates of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were similar with high-dose edoxaban (1.76% per year) and warfarin (1.73% per year; P =0.81), but more frequent with low-dose edoxaban (2.48% per year; P Conclusions— In patients with atrial fibrillation, once-daily edoxaban was as effective as warfarin in preventing all strokes, with significant reductions in various subtypes of intracranial bleeding. Ischemic cerebrovascular event rates were similar with high-dose edoxaban and warfarin, whereas low-dose edoxaban was less effective than warfarin. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00781391.
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- 2014
15. Scheduling jobs in an Alcan aluminium foundry using a genetic algorithm
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Caroline Gagné, Marc Gravel, and Wilson L. Price
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Engineering ,Mathematical optimization ,Job shop scheduling ,Operations research ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,Scheduling (production processes) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Metal flow ,Sequence dependent ,chemistry ,Aluminium ,Multiple criteria ,Foundry ,business - Abstract
We present a genetic algorithm for the solution of an industrial scheduling problem in an Alcan aluminium foundry situated in Quebec. We seek the best processing sequence for n orders on a m parallel machines. The set-up times are sequence dependent and we must deal with multiple criteria. There are also a number of structural constraints that distinguish this situation from the classical model. The performance of the solution approach is compared with the results of the scheduling process used by the firm according to three criteria: meeting due dates, number and duration of required set-ups and metal flow.
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- 2000
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16. Pyrite removal from kerogen without altering organic matter: the chromous chloride method
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Francis V. Acholla and Wilson L. Orr
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sodium borohydride ,Fuel Technology ,Hydrofluoric acid ,Nitric acid ,Functional group ,engineering ,Kerogen ,Organic matter ,Lithium ,Pyrite - Abstract
The standard hydrochloric/hydrofluoric acid treatment used to remove most minerals in kerogen preparation often leaves abundant pyrite. This pyrite is a major obstacle to establishing elemental composition and functional group distributions in kerogen by both chemical and spectroscopic techniques. Quantitative pyrite removal by other conventional means such as nitric acid, lithium aluminum hydride, and sodium borohydride has not been possible without objectionable alterations of the organic matter. Experiments reported here demonstrate that acidic chromous chloride reduction can remove pyrite quantitatively without causing significant alteration of the organic matter
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- 1993
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17. ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1-Amino-1,2,3,14b-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido(1,2-d)dibenzo(b,f) (1,4)oxazepine and Related Compounds
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Wilson L. Caulfield, Samuel George Gibson, and Rae Duncan Robertson
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ketone ,chemistry ,SN2 reaction ,Sodium azide ,Oxazepine ,General Medicine ,Oxime ,Medicinal chemistry ,Cis–trans isomerism ,Curtius rearrangement ,Derivative (chemistry) - Abstract
The synthesis is described of the epimeric 1-amino-1,2,3,14b-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido [1,2-d]dibenzo [b,f][1,4]oxazepines 2 and their N-substituted analogues. The cis-amines 33, 36 and 38 were prepared from the ketone 31 by reduction of the corresponding oxime whereas the trans isomers 12, 50 and 51 were prepared from the 1-ethoxycarbonyl derivative 44 by Curtius degradation. Attempts to convert the trans alcohol 7 into the epimeric azido compound by an SN2 replacement reaction with sodium azide resulted in rearrangement to give the novel ring system, 14-azido-11-methoxy-1,2,14,14a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo [1,2-d] dibenzo [b,g][1,4] oxazocine 24 instead of the titled compounds.
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- 2010
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18. Physical versus psychological social stress in male rats reveals distinct cardiovascular, inflammatory and behavioral consequences.
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Finnell, Julie E., Lombard, Calliandra M., Padi, Akhila R., Moffitt, Casey M., Wilson, L. Britt, Wood, Christopher S., and Wood, Susan K.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,COMORBIDITY ,ANHEDONIA ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,METALLOPROTEINASES - Abstract
Repeated exposure to social stress can precipitate the development of psychosocial disorders including depression and comorbid cardiovascular disease. While a major component of social stress often encompasses physical interactions, purely psychological stressors (i.e. witnessing a traumatic event) also fall under the scope of social stress. The current study determined whether the acute stress response and susceptibility to stress-related consequences differed based on whether the stressor consisted of physical versus purely psychological social stress. Using a modified resident-intruder paradigm, male rats were either directly exposed to repeated social defeat stress (intruder) or witnessed a male rat being defeated. Cardiovascular parameters, behavioral anhedonia, and inflammatory cytokines in plasma and the stress-sensitive locus coeruleus were compared between intruder, witness, and control rats. Surprisingly intruders and witnesses exhibited nearly identical increases in mean arterial pressure and heart rate during acute and repeated stress exposures, yet only intruders exhibited stress-induced arrhythmias. Furthermore, re-exposure to the stress environment in the absence of the resident produced robust pressor and tachycardic responses in both stress conditions indicating the robust and enduring nature of social stress. In contrast, the long-term consequences of these stressors were distinct. Intruders were characterized by enhanced inflammatory sensitivity in plasma, while witnesses were characterized by the emergence of depressive-like anhedonia, transient increases in systolic blood pressure and plasma levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase. The current study highlights that while the acute cardiovascular responses to stress were identical between intruders and witnesses, these stressors produced distinct differences in the enduring consequences to stress, suggesting that witness stress may be more likely to produce long-term cardiovascular dysfunction and comorbid behavioral anhedonia while exposure to physical stressors may bias the system towards sensitivity to inflammatory disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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19. Targeting The Interactions Of Fatty Acid Metabolism With PI3K/mTOR and MAPK As a Novel Therapeutic Strategy In Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
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Frederick Lansigan, Ravi Dashnamoorthy, Andrew M. Evens, William B. Kinlaw, Wilson L. Davis, and Ronald B. Gartenhaus
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,Fatty acid metabolism ,MEK inhibitor ,Immunology ,Fatty acid ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Cerulenin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fatty acid synthase ,chemistry ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Fatty acid synthesis - Abstract
Background Fatty acid metabolism is altered in several cancers, which includes de novo synthesis by fatty acid synthase (FASN) and increased utilization of fatty acids via β-oxidation to meet cellular energy requirements. PI3K and MEK/ERK signal transduction are primary biological pathways that activate tumor-related fatty acid metabolism. Notably, these concepts have emerged primarily from solid tumor studies; there is a comparative paucity of data in lymphoma. We examined the functional roles of fatty acid metabolism in DLBCL cells and their interaction with oncogenic signal transduction pathways including PI3K, MEK/ERK and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1a). We also investigated potential therapeutic implications of targeting fatty acid metabolism for the treatment of DLBCL. Methods DLBCL cell lines OCI-LY3, OCI-LY19, SUDHL4, and SUDHL10 were examined in this study. Cerulenin (FASN inhibitor), Orlistat (FASN and LPL inhibitor), BEZ-235 (Dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor), AZD6244 (MEK inhibitor) were used to study the effects of enzyme inhibition on lipid metabolism, cell signaling and cell death. We assessed cell viability with the MTT assay and apoptosis by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI). FASN or LPL mRNAs were quantified in DLBCL cell lines by quantitative RT-PCR as well as through gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis (by cell of origin) using the CaBIG dataset. Further, FASN and associated signaling pathways (MEK, ERK, and HIF-1a) were analyzed by Western blot. Finally, for investigation of potential interactions between FASN and HIF-1a or MAPK signaling, we utilized short hairpin RNA interference (shRNA) to knock out (KO) desired pathways. Results GEP analysis showed that genes related to fatty acid synthesis and mTOR were more prominently expressed in germinal center (GC) DLBCL (p=0.0006 vs GC control and p=0.0001 vs non-GC DLBCL), whereas genes involved in utilization of fatty acid for energy, PI3K and MAPK were preferentially expressed in non-GC DLBCL (p Conclusions Altogether, we demonstrated that fatty acid metabolism is highly upregulated in DLBCL and that there was preferential gene expression in DLBCL cells in part according to cell of origin. Further, PI3K/mTOR, MAPK and HIF-1a constitutively activated oncogenic pathways in DLBCL appeared here to directly regulate fatty acid metabolism. In addition, we showed that targeting fatty acid metabolism may be harnessed as a potential therapeutic strategy. Continued investigation is warranted to delineate the mechanisms through which MAPK and HIF-1a regulate FASN expression and to determine the in vivo implications of FASN inhibition on DLBCL tumor growth. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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- 2013
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20. Abstract 5607: Lipoprotein lipase binds to the surface of cancer cells and facilitates uptake of lipoproteins
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William B. Kinlaw, Leslie E. Lupien, Wilson L. Davis, Nancy B. Kuemmerle, and Nicole C. Smits
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Cancer Research ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,Lipoprotein lipase ,Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Cell ,Endocytosis ,Molecular biology ,Flow cytometry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Biochemistry ,Cancer cell ,medicine ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
We examined the hypothesis that some cancer cells have surface-bound lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and we postulate that this membrane-bound LPL facilitates the acquisition of fatty acids (FA) from circulating triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. This deployment of the enzyme links the growth of tumors to dietary fat. Background: Recent studies have explored the association of dietary fat and obesity with increased incidence and aggressiveness of certain cancers. Tumor cells require FA for synthesis of membranes and thus for growth. Cells can acquire lipids through de novo synthesis from glucose and glutamine using fatty acid synthase (FASN) or by acquisition of pre-formed FA using LPL. LPL is a secreted enzyme synthesized by some cancer cell lines and all tumors examined to date (n = 181). It facilitates the uptake of very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) by extracellular hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich particles such as VLDLs in the circulation or lipoprotein endocytosis followed by intracellular hydrolysis. In previous work, we demonstrated a heparin-releasable pool of LPL, consistent with tumor cell surface-associated LPL binding to a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG). Methods: We used immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry to demonstrate LPL on the surface of HeLa, BT474 and DU4475 breast cancer, and LiSa-2 liposarcoma cells. Confocal microscopy with fluorophore-labeled VLDLs enabled us to follow the endocytosis of VLDLs. Results: We have demonstrated that cancer cells can acquire lipoprotein particles (VLDLs) from their environment by endocytosis, and that this is mediated by cell-surface LPL bound to a specific HSPG motif. Major findings include: 1) Cell surface LPL is detectable by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. 2) The binding of LPL to the cell surface is abrogated by heparin. 3) LPL binding is likewise disrupted by NS4F5, a novel antibody to the specific proteoglycan motif which binds LPL to the surface of vascular endothelial cells. 4) Cancer cells endocytose VLDL particles, and this is abrogated by heparin or NS4F5. 5) VLDL particles accelerate the growth of LPL-expressing cancer cells. Conclusions: This work demonstrates of the use of endocytosis for the acquisition of diet-derived FA by cancer cells, and that this is mediated by cell-surface LPL bound to a specific HSPG motif. Thus endocytosis is a new mechanistic link between dietary lipoproteins and tumor cell growth. Further, these findings suggest that abrogation of LPL binding to the cell surface presents an opportunity for non-cytotoxic, therapeutic intervention. This work was supported by a grant from the Sarcoma Foundation of America (NBK) and a Prouty grant from Norris Cotton Cancer Center (WBK) and NIH Grant RO1CA126618 (WBK). Citation Format: Nancy Benton Kuemmerle, Leslie E. Lupien, Nicole C. Smits, Wilson L. Davis, William B. Kinlaw. Lipoprotein lipase binds to the surface of cancer cells and facilitates uptake of lipoproteins. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5607. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5607
- Published
- 2013
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21. Kinetic Controls on Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction as a Source of Sedimentary H2S
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Martin B. Goldhaber and Wilson L. Orr
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Reduction (complexity) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,Sedimentary rock ,Sulfate ,Kinetic energy - Published
- 1995
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22. Fatty Acid Metabolism in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): Interaction with Oncogenic Cell Signaling Pathways and the Identification of a Novel Treatment Paradigm
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Nancy B. Kuemmerle, Frederick Lansigan, Ravi Dashnamoorthy, Andrew M. Evens, William B. Kinlaw, and Wilson L. Davis
- Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway ,Cell signaling ,biology ,Fatty acid metabolism ,Immunology ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Biochemistry ,Cerulenin ,Fatty acid synthase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Signal transduction ,Fatty acid synthesis - Abstract
Abstract 2711 Background: Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key enzyme of fatty acid synthesis and is upregulated in many cancers. Increased FASN in cancer is associated with poor prognosis, while inhibition of FASN results in cancer cell death. The MEK/ERK signal transduction is one of the primary pathways that activate tumor-related FASN. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is also involved in fatty acid metablishm as it releases free fatty acid (FFA) from circulating lipoproteins, making them available for cellular uptake. Notably, these concepts have emerged primarily from solid tumor studies; there is a comparative paucity of data in lymphoma. We examined the functional roles of FASN and LPL in DLBCL cells and their interaction with oncogenic signal transduction pathways including MEK/ERK and an upstream target, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1a). We also investigated potential therapeutic implications of targeting fatty acid metabolism for the treatment of DLBCL. Methods: We used the DLBCL cell lines OCI-LY3, OCI-LY19, SUDHL4, and SUDHL10 in normoxic or hypoxic (0.2% O2) conditions. Cerulenin (FASN inhibitor) and Orlistat (FASN and LPL inhibitor) were utilized to examine the effect of fatty acid enzyme inhibition on cell signaling and cell death. We assessed cell viability with the MTT assay and apoptosis by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI). FASN and LPL mRNAs were quantified in DLBCL cell lines by RT-PCR as well as through gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis (by cell of origin) using the CaBIG dataset. Further, FASN and associated signaling pathways (MEK, ERK, and HIF-1a) were analyzed by Western blot. Finally, for investigation of potential interactions between FASN and HIF-1a, or MAPK signaling, we utilized short hairpin RNA interference (shRNA) to knock down (KD) pathways of interest. Results: FASN protein expression was readily detectable in all DLBCL cell lines in normoxia, while the expression of LPL was barely detectable in most cells, except in SUDHL10 and only in hypoxic conditions. RT-PCR showed that all DLBCL cell lines tested expressed high levels of FASN mRNA, while minimal levels of LPL could be detected; GEP showed that FASN was expressed more prominently in germinal center (GC) DLBCL (p=0.0006 vs GC control and p=0.0001 vs non-GC DLBCL), whereas LPL was preferentially expressed in non-GC DLBCL (p Conclusions: We demonstrated that FASN is constitutively activated in DLBCL with expression in part dependent on cell of origin, while LPL protein or message were mostly down-regulated. HIF-1a is a constitutively activated oncogenic pathway in DLBCL (Evens AM, et al. Br J Haematol 2008) and it appeared here to directly regulate FASN expression. In addition, we showed that targeting fatty acid metabolism may be harnessed as a potential therapeutic strategy. Further investigations are required to delineate the mechanisms through which MAPK and HIF-1a regulate FASN expression and to determine the in vivo implications of FASN inhibition on DLBCL tumor growth. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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- 2012
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23. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas Utilize Endogenous and Exogenous Fatty Acids for Cell Growth and Survival
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William B. Kinlaw, Leslie E. Lupien, Nancy B. Kuemmerle, Ravi Dashnamoorthy, Wilson L. Davis, Frederick Lansigan, Prabhjot Kaur, Valeriya Posternak, Nicole C. Smits, and Andrew M. Evens
- Subjects
Lipoprotein lipase ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Diet therapy ,Immunology ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Biochemistry ,Molecular biology ,Cerulenin ,Fatty acid synthase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cell culture ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) - Abstract
Abstract 1581 Background It is well-recognized that de novo long chain fatty acid (FA) synthesis, driven by the key enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN), is crucial for the growth and survival of many types of cancer cells. We and others have observed FASN protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tumors. Furthermore, we have shown that higher levels of FASN in DLBCL tumors strongly predicted inferior survival, which was independent from the international prognostic index. We also recently demonstrated that, in addition to FA synthesis, various cancer cells can acquire FA from circulating lipoproteins, using the secreted enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and that this promotes cell growth. DLBCL, however, has never been examined in this regard. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of both de novo FA synthesis via FASN and exogenous FA uptake via LPL in DLBCL. Methods Levels of FASN and LPL mRNAs in DLBCL cell lines (SUDHL4, SUDHL10, OCI-LY3, OCI-LY19) were studied using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We determined FASN and LPL protein expression by flow cytometry using a novel anti-LPL antibody that we developed. DLBCL cell lines were cultured +/− Cerulenin (an inhibitor of FASN), Orlistat (an inhibitor of FASN and LPL), or in lipoprotein-depleted serum +/− supplementation with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. The MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation. Results DLBCL cell lines exhibited >10-fold variation in levels of FASN mRNA. Cerulenin and Orlistat each caused dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of each cell line. The cells were partially rescued by the addition of palmitic acid, the FA product of FASN. Surprisingly, flow cytometry revealed that SUDHL4 and OCI-LY3 cells, which did not secrete LPL or show detectable LPL activity, displayed the enzyme on the cell surface. Moreover, in stark contrast to several other cancer cell lines, DLBCL cells were exquisitely sensitive to withdrawal of lipoproteins from the culture media. Indeed, 75–95% of the cells underwent apoptosis after only 24 hours in lipoprotein-depleted serum. In complete serum, the provision of VLDL particles did not rescue DLBCL cells from FA synthesis inhibition using Cerulenin, suggesting that the serum contains sufficient lipoproteins to saturate the FA uptake system. This prediction was validated in experiments utilizing lipoprotein-depleted serum, in which add-back of VLDL particles completely rescued the cells from Cerulenin-induced demise in a dose-related manner, with full restoration at approximately 100–200mcg/ml of VLDL. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that DLBCL cells employ both de novo FA synthesis via FASN and exogenous FA uptake using LPL to satisfy their strict requirement for FA. Interference with either pathway, using FASN inhibitors or lipoprotein-depleted serum, is cytotoxic indicating that neither alone is sufficient to support proliferation. Further, DLBCL cells show a striking dependency on exogenous FA of dietary origin compared with all other cancer cells we have examined. The observation that the cell lines can be rescued by provision of VLDL particles strongly supports the functional significance of the exogenous FA uptake pathway for DLBCL. Our data thus demonstrate that the extracellular lipase LPL is critical for the growth and survival of DLBCL cells. Surprisingly, the cells deploy LPL to their surface, and we speculate that this promotes efficient FA acquisition from circulating lipoproteins. Recognition that DLBCL relies on both synthesis and uptake of FA will provide guidance for drug development and dietary modifications to effectively target the metabolic requirements of this tumor. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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- 2012
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24. Geochemistry of Sulfur in Fossil Fuels
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Curt M. White and Wilson L. Orr
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inorganic chemicals ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Hydrogen sulfide ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Geochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,complex mixtures ,Sulfur ,Flue-gas desulfurization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Sedimentary organic matter ,Organic matter ,Petroleum geochemistry ,Organosulfur compounds ,Geology ,Sulfur dioxide - Abstract
Geochemistry of Sulfur in Petroleum Systems Geochemistry of Sulfur in Coal Environmental Aspects of the Combustion of Sulfur-Bearing Fuels Polysulfide Reactions in the Formation of Organosulfur and Other Organic Compounds in the Geosphere Isolation of Sulfur Compounds from Petroleum Microbial Metabolism of Organosulfur Compounds in Petroleum Geochemistry of Organic and Inorganic Sulfur in Ancient and Modern Lacustrine Environments: Case Studies of Freshwater and Saline Lakes Characterization of Organic Matter in Sulfur-Rich Lacustrine Sediments of Miocene Age Incorporation of Sulfur into Recent Organic Matter in a Carbonate Environment Sulfur and Pyrite in Precursors for Coal and Associated Rocks: A Reconnaissance Study of Three Modern Sites Formation of Iron Sulfides in Modern Salt Marsh Sediments Sulfur K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Petroleum Asphaltenes and Model Compounds Direct Determination of Total Organic Sulfur in Coal Elemental Sulfur in Bituminous Coals Multiple-Heteroatom-Containing Sulfur Compounds in a High Sulfur Coal Organosulfur Consituents in Rasa Coal Distribution of Organic-Sulfur-Containing Structures in High-Organic-Content Sulfur Coals Characterization of Organic Sulfur Compounds in Coals and Single-Coal Macerals Spatial Variation of Organic Sulfur in Coal Characterization of Organosulfur Compounds in Oklahoma Coals by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Coal Desulfurization by Programmed-Temperature Pyrolysis and Oxidation Nature and Geochemistry of Sulfur-Containing Compounds in Alberta Petroleums Identification of Alkylthiophenes Occurring in the Geosphere by Synthesis of Authentic Standards Organic Sulfur Compounds and Other Biomarkers as Indicators of Palaeosalinity Alkylthiophenes as Sensitive Indicators of Palaeoenvironmental Changes: A Study of a Cretaceous Oil Shale from Jordan Characterization of Organically Bound Sulfur in High-Molecular-Weight, Sedimentary Organic Matter Analysis of Maturity-Related Changes in the Organic Sulfur Composition of Kerogens by Flash Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Isotopic Study of Coal-Associated Hydrogen Sulfide Pyrolysis of High-Sulfur Monterey Kerogens: Stable Isotopes of Sulfur, Carbon, and HydrogenWSulfur Isotope Data Analysis of Crude Oils from the Bolivar Coastal Fields Distribution of Organic Sulfur Compounds in Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sediments Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Oxidation of Light Hydrocarbon Gases: Relevance to Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction in Gas Reservoirs
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- 1990
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25. Synthesis of 1-amino-1,2,3,14b-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido[1,2-d]-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine and related compounds
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Wilson L. Caulfield, Samuel George Gibson, and Rae Duncan Robertson
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ketone ,chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,SN2 reaction ,Sodium azide ,Oxazepine ,Oxime ,Derivative (chemistry) ,Cis–trans isomerism ,Curtius rearrangement - Abstract
The synthesis is described of the epimeric 1-amino-1,2,3,14b-tetrahydro-4H-pyrido [1,2-d]dibenzo [b,f][1,4]oxazepines 2 and their N-substituted analogues. The cis-amines 33, 36 and 38 were prepared from the ketone 31 by reduction of the corresponding oxime whereas the trans isomers 12, 50 and 51 were prepared from the 1-ethoxycarbonyl derivative 44 by Curtius degradation. Attempts to convert the trans alcohol 7 into the epimeric azido compound by an SN2 replacement reaction with sodium azide resulted in rearrangement to give the novel ring system, 14-azido-11-methoxy-1,2,14,14a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrrolo [1,2-d] dibenzo [b,g][1,4] oxazocine 24 instead of the titled compounds.
- Published
- 1996
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26. Kerogen/asphaltene/sulfur relationships in sulfur-rich Monterey oils
- Author
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Wilson L. Orr
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Maturity (geology) ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Stable isotope ratio ,Analytical chemistry ,Mineralogy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Fractionation ,Sulfur ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrocarbon ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Kerogen ,Petroleum ,Geology ,Asphaltene - Abstract
Monterey oils in the Santa Maria Basin onshore and offshore are generally low maturity oils because of low thermal exposure (relatively shallow burial for short times). They are generated as heavy high-sulfur oils because of the composition of the unusual Type II source kerogens which are exceptionally rich in organic sulfur (8–14%). These high-sulfur kerogens, which we designate Type II-S, appear to generate oil at significantly lower thermal exposures than ordinary Type II kerogens with less than 6% S. In contrast to common Type II kerogens which generate oil largely by cleavage at oxygen bridge groups and carbon-carbon bonds (eliminating CO2, H2O, and hydrocarbon fragments), Type II-S kerogens have an additional complement of weak bonds associated with bound sulfur. The preferential cleavage at weak sulfur linkages tends to produce larger fragments, leading to high initial amounts of asphaltenes, resins, and sulfur-rich aromatics together with smaller amounts of saturated hydrocarbons. Elemental analyses of Monterey kerogens and asphaltenes clearly support the concept that the asphaltenes are essentially fragments of kerogen cleaved sufficiently to be soluble or peptized in this heavy oil system. Solubilization of asphaltenes is attributed to their interactions with the abundant resins and aromatics. This sysstem is sufficiently stable under source and reservoir conditions to allow expulsion and migration for reasonable distance without significant fractionation or changes in gross properties. Initial asphaltenes have essentially the same atomic H/C ratios as the source kerogen but have significantlyy lower O/C ratios and slightly lower S/C ratios. The N/C ratios are nearly the same for kerogens and their derived asphaltenes. With increasing maturity the H/C ratios in asphaltenes decrease much like maturation changes in kerogen. The S/C ratio also decreases significantly. However, the O/C ratios (initially low in asphaltenes) and N/C ratios increase slightly due to material balance caused by other losses. These element composition and atomic ratio relationships allow some important inferences concerning source kerogen composition from analysis of asphaltenes alone. This can be useful when potential source-rock samples are not available for analysis and/or when a choice between alternate source-rock possibilities must be made.
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- 1986
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27. Identification Tests for Propantheline Bromide
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Myron M Smith, Wilson L Brannon, and Walter R. Benson
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Drug ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Chemistry ,Bulk drug ,Thin-layer chromatography ,Dosage form ,medicine ,Identification (biology) ,Propantheline bromide ,Specific identification ,media_common ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A method is described for the isolation and identification of propantheline bromide from bulk drug substances and dosage forms, both alone and in combination with other drug sub-stances. The method permits the specific identification of the intact drug substance, using both infrared spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography.
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- 1979
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28. Infrared Identification Test for Scopolamine as the Hydrobromide
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Wilson L Brannon and Joseph Levine
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Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Hydrobromide ,Infrared ,Identity test ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Chemistry ,Dosage form ,Spectrophotometry ,Scopolamine ,medicine ,medicine.drug ,Scopolamine Hydrobromide - Abstract
The method of preparation of scopolamine hydrobromide affects the infrared (IR) spectrum of the product. A column chromatographic procedure is used to both isolate the drug from tablets and injections and form the hydrobromide salt. This yields reproducible IR spectra and thus constitutes an identity test for scopolamine hydrobromide.
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- 1975
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29. Identification of Different Crystalline Forms of Diatrizoic Acid
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Wilson L Brannon, George Schwartzman, Victor A Folen, and Millard Maienthal
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Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Identification (biology) ,General Chemistry ,Diatrizoic Acid - Abstract
Standard reference samples of diatrizoic acid gave 2 different infrared (IR) spectra, x-ray diffraction patterns, and differential thermal and thermal gravimetric curves. One form, the anhydrous acid, shows no weight loss when heated to 170°C. The other form, the dihydrate, loses 5.36% of its weight when heated from 86 to 144°C. The anhydrous diatrizoic acid is the preferred reference standard, because it has an IR spectrum and x-ray diffraction pattern suitable for identification purposes.
- Published
- 1978
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30. Ultrasound in lipid chemistry, cyclopropanation of unsaturated fatty esters and triglycerides
- Author
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Wilson L. K. Lam and Marcel S. F. Lie Ken Jie
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Methyl ricinoleate ,Lipid Chemistry ,business.industry ,Cyclopropanation ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Ultrasound ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Zinc ,Ultrasonic irradiation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,business ,Derivative (chemistry) - Abstract
Concomitant ultrasonic irradiation during the Simmons-Smith reaction facilitated the cyclopropanation of ethylenic fatty esters and triglycerides. Methyl ricinoleate furnished predominantly the corresponding hydroxy cyclopropanoid ester when the reaction was carried out at 85–95 C under ultrasound in the presence of zinc, while a C18 furanoid fatty ester gave a novel tricyclo derivative (methyl 9,12-epoxy-9,10;11,12-dimethanooctadecanoate).
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- 1988
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31. The Analysis of Pharmaceuticals by Combined Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. I. The Analysis of a Medicated Aerosol Spray
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Walter R. Benson, Wilson L Brannon, George Schwartzman, and Eric B. Sheinin
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Aerosol spray ,Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Mass spectrometry ,Aerosol ,law.invention ,Aerosol Propellants ,law ,Spectrophotometry ,Infrared Spectrophotometry ,medicine ,Gas chromatography ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry - Abstract
A medicated aerosol product was qualitatively analyzed by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data were processed by a minicomputer. Ten of the 11 peaks in the gas chromatogram were identified with the assistance of the National Institutes of Health/Division of Computer Research and Technology/Chemical Information System mass spectral search system. The unidentified peak is probably a member of the terpene class. The aerosol propellants were also partially analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry.
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- 1975
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32. The synthesis and study of some of the physical properties of diphenylated fatty derivatives and their chromium tricarbonyl complexes
- Author
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Wilson L. K. Lam and Marcel S. F. Lie Ken Jie
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Chemical shift ,Organic Chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Cell Biology ,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,Biochemistry ,Medicinal chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromium ,chemistry ,Absorption band ,Magnesium bromide ,Polar effect ,Methylene ,Molecular Biology ,Carbon - Abstract
A series of 1,1-diphenyl-1-alkanols were synthesised by the reaction of phenyl magnesium bromide (PhMgBr) with n-alkanoates. The infrared spectral analysis showed a medium sharp absorption band at 3400 cm−1 for the tertiary OH stretching vibration. The 1H-NMR analysis gave signals at 7.1–7.5 δ for the aromatic protons, and the protons of the remaining carbons of the short chain diphenylated alkanols were readily distinguished by their chemical shifts and splitting pattern. The 13C-NMR results permitted the aromatic carbon nuclei to be differentiated, and the β- and γ-effect exerted by the hydroxy and phenyl groups on the adjacent methylene carbon atoms allowed facile assignments of these nuclei in the short chain homologues. The mass spectral analysis confirmed the quaternary carbon position of the derivatives. The 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral analyses of the chromium tricarbonyl complexes of some of these derivatives showed strong upfield shifts for the aromatic and neighbouring protons or carbon nuclei, due to the electron withdrawing behaviour of the chromium tricarbonyl ligand.
- Published
- 1988
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33. Application of metalloporphyrin biomarkers as petroleum maturity indicators: The importance of quantitation
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Earl W. Baker, Wilson L. Orr, and J. William Louda
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Maturity (geology) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Environmental chemistry ,Petroleum ,Mineralogy - Abstract
The parameters derived from analyses of vanadyl petroporphyrins in a suite of con-familial (single-source) oils from the Big Horn Basin were found to reflect thermal stress and to correlate well with the bulk maturity parameters, except in one case (i.e. Manderson ). Interestingly, the low vanadyl porphyrin concentration in Manderson (10 μg/g) was consistent with that expected of a quite mature petroleum rather than one of low maturity as indicated by the biomarker profile. Hence, it is argued that the Manderson porphyrins are not representative of the major portion of this petroleum, but rather of a minor amount ( ca 5–10%) of less mature petroleum or bitumen picked up during migration to or in the current reservoir. It is concluded that, in general, reliability of biomarker based ratio parameters must be considered contingent on occurrence in expected concentrations and concurrence with bulk petroleum parameters.
- Published
- 1987
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34. Derivatives of Sulfenic Acids. XXIII. The Effects of para-Substituents in Styrene on the Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction with 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl Chloride1
- Author
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Norman Kharasch and Wilson L. Orr
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,chemistry ,Kinetics ,Organic chemistry ,Sulfenic acid ,General Chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis ,Mechanism (sociology) ,Styrene - Published
- 1956
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35. Effect of storage temperatures, injury and exposure on weight loss and surface discoloration of new potatoes
- Author
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Wilson L. Smith
- Subjects
Lost Weight ,Horticulture ,Weight loss ,Chemistry ,medicine ,Browning ,Plant Science ,Food science ,medicine.symptom ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,After treatment - Abstract
1. Potatoes stored constantly at 70° F. for 2 weeks showed less surface browning than those stored initially (first week after treatment) at 40° or 50° and then shifted to 70°. 2. Potatoes stored at 70°F. after an initial storage period at 50° showed less weight loss and less surface browning than those stored initially at 40°. 3. Tubers stored initially at 40°F. lost weight more rapidly after they were shifted to 70° than tubers stored constantly at 70°. 4. Initial storage at 40°F. was decidedly detrimental to the general appearance of new potatoes.
- Published
- 1952
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36. Chemical treatments to reduce postharvest spoilage of fruits and vegetables
- Author
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Wilson L. Smith
- Subjects
Ethoxyquin ,Borax ,Sodium ,Food spoilage ,Diphenylamine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant physiology ,Plant Science ,Dehydroacetic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Postharvest ,Food science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Postharvest Chemical Sprays, Dips or Washes 413 Borax 414 Sodium Ortho-phenylphenate 415 Sodium Chloro-2-phenylphenate 418 C hlorine ... .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . . 418 Sodium Salt of Dehydroacetic Acid ...... ...... 419 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid .. 420 Other Chemicals, Excluding Antibiotics 421 Antibiotics 423 Diphenylamine and Ethoxyquin. 425
- Published
- 1962
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37. Recovery of Nematodes From Infected Roots By Maceration
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Wilson L. Smith, Victor H. Dropkin, and Ronald F. Myers
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education.field_of_study ,biology ,Inoculation ,Immunology ,Population ,Periodic acid ,food and beverages ,Erwinia ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Laboratory flask ,chemistry ,Tap water ,Chemical agents ,Botany ,Maceration (wine) ,Animal Science and Zoology ,education ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
A procedure for the recovery of quantities of living root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from galled roots has been developed. Infected roots are macerated by pectolytic enzymes obtained commercially or prepared from potatoes inoculated with Erwinia carolovora, Roots are immersed in enzymes in flasks at room temperatures with constant agitation in a wrist-action shaker. Chemical agents (periodic acid, or a mixture of chromic and nitric acids) also macerate infected roots; the nematodes are killed but their bodies remain intact. Nematodes are separated from plant debris by washing with tap water through a nest of sieves, followed by decantation. Giant cells also may be recovered on screens. The procedure should prove useful in obtaining live endoparasitic nematodes in quantity for physiological and biochemical studies, for estimating the population in infected roots, and for the study of pathological cell types.
- Published
- 1960
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38. Derivatives of Sulfenic Acids. XIII. The Reaction of 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl Chloride with Styrene1
- Author
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Norman Kharasch and Wilson L. Orr
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Chemistry ,medicine ,Organic chemistry ,Sulfenic acid ,General Chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Chloride ,Catalysis ,medicine.drug - Published
- 1953
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39. Reducing chilling injury of potatoes by intermittent warming
- Author
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Wilson L. Smith, Howard W. Hruschka, and James E. Baker
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Spots ,Chemistry ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Intact skin ,Skin Discoloration ,Horticulture ,Respiration ,Botany ,Browning ,Ultraviolet light ,Chilling injury ,Sugar ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Potato tubers held continuously 19 weeks at 32 F developed chillinginjury symptoms early during storage and the symptoms worsened with time in storage. Early symptoms included browning and surface mold on skinned areas. By 11 weeks mahogany browning, blackheart, and hollow heart, bluish skin discoloration and sinking of intact skin were visible in daylight. And under ultraviolet light, yellow fluorescence was visible in halos, washes, or spots around or near internal tuber tissues discolored by other chilling-injury symptoms. Some damage at 32 F became visible after subsequent holding of tubers for 1 week at 60 F. Tubers accumulated high amounts of reducing and total sugar at 32 F and respiration, measured at 60 F as CO2 evolved, was progressively stimulated by time at 32 F. Sugar build-up, respiration-rate increase, and chilling injury seemed to show no cause-and-effect relationship but appeared as separate phenomena each caused by the stress of holding tubers at too low a temperature.
- Published
- 1969
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40. Nuclear magnetic resonance of iodine-alkyl sulfide complexes
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E. Thomas Strom, Wilson L. Orr, Donald E. Woessner, and Brinkley S. Snowden
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Electron nuclear double resonance ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,chemistry ,Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance ,Sulfide ,General Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Iodine ,Alkyl ,Nuclear magnetic resonance decoupling - Published
- 1967
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41. Determination of chlorophyll derivatives in marine sediments
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John R. Grady and Wilson L. Orr
- Subjects
Pheophytin ,Chloroform ,Sediment ,Deep sea ,Chlorophyll derivatives ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pigment ,Oceanography ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Geology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
A rapid method is given for routine determination of acetone-soluble chlorophyll derivatives in marine sediments. The pigments are extracted from 10–100 g of wet sediment by acetone and transferred to chloroform for spectrophotometric determination. Major pigments have absorption maxima at ca. 668 mμ from which the pigment content is calculated as pheophytin a . Analysis requires about four hours per sample and can be carried out with a precision of about 3 per cent in sediments containing 1–100 p.p.m. of pigments. Analysis of surface samples of basin sediments off southern California shows a range of 4–100 p.p.m. based on dry sediment. Some shallow sediments and deep sea sediments are below 1 p.p.m.
- Published
- 1957
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Infrared Spectra of Some Compounds of Pharmaceutical Interest
- Author
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Alma L Hayden, Oscar R Sammul, and Wilson L Brannon
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Physical chemistry ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Chemistry - Published
- 1966
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Regeneration of nutrients in sediments of marine basins
- Author
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S.C. Rittenberg, Wilson L. Orr, and Kenneth Orris Emery
- Subjects
Hydrology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Phosphorus ,fungi ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sediment ,Deposition (geology) ,Sedimentary depositional environment ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,chemistry ,Nitrate ,Environmental chemistry ,Phytoplankton ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Organic matter ,Geology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
To assess the extent and significance of nutrient regeneration in marine sediments, the depth distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon in three basin sediments and their overlying waters were determined. The data obtained were interpreted on the assumption that in a relatively constant depositional environment steady state conditions exist and therefore the change of a property with depth of burial is a measure of the change of the property with time in an isolated mass of sediment. The three sediments differ in p h , Eh, organic matter content and other properties, and it was possible to correlate some of the regeneration processes with the biological and physical-chemical environments. The nitrogenous part of organic matter deposited in the basin sediments is partially regenerated as ammonia that becomes oxidized to nitrate in sediments of positive Eh and in the overlying water. Phosphate regeneration occurs most intensively in anaerobic sediment; locally net deposition occurs in aerobic sediments of low p h . Dissolved silicate increases with depth in all the sediments. Water immediately overlying the sediment surface is enriched in these nutrients where regeneration in the sediment is active. The return of nutrients from sediment to water is less than 1 per cent of the annual use by phytoplankton. Calculations show that in one basin a minimum of 1·6 μg-atoms of ammonia per cm2 of sediment surface pass into the basin water annually. At this rate of regeneration the basin water must be renewed from the open ocean in a period of less than twenty years to maintain existing concentrations of nitrate. Calculations based on an oxygen balance for the sediment and water require renewal in about two years. These results indicate a much more rapid circulation of basin water than had been generally suspected.
- Published
- 1955
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Basophilic leukocytes in the hyperlipemic rabbit
- Author
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Richard R. Fox, Ernst Thonnard-Neumann, and Wilson L. Taylor
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Arteriosclerosis ,Lipoproteins ,biology.animal_breed ,Hyperlipidemias ,Dutch rabbit ,Leukocyte Count ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Aortic tissue ,Animals ,Medicine ,Aorta ,Hematology ,biology ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,Rabbit (nuclear engineering) ,General Medicine ,Basophils ,Basophilic ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Diet, Atherogenic ,Female ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Rabbits ,business - Abstract
In rabbits of three different strains, more cholesterol, β-lipoprotein, white cells, and basophils were found in the blood of 16 rabbits fed 0.5 g of cholesterol daily for 60 days than in the blood of 18 controls.
- Published
- 1970
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Separation of gold cyanide ion from anion-exchange resins
- Author
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N. Elise Gabriel, Wilson L. Wilson, and Henry H. Law
- Subjects
Ion exchange ,Gold cyanidation ,Chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,General Engineering ,General Medicine ,Ion - Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Ambiguities in IR and X-Ray Characterization of Amphotericin B
- Author
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J. Taylor, George Schwartzman, Wilson L Brannon, V. Folen, and I. Asher
- Subjects
Hot Temperature ,Spectrophotometry, Infrared ,Chemistry ,X-ray ,Analytical chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Infrared spectroscopy ,Chromophore ,Spectral line ,Amorphous solid ,Crystallography ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Amphotericin B ,Differential thermal analysis ,Sample preparation ,Powder diffraction - Abstract
Two distinct IR spectra of amphotericin B have been reported. These differences can be obtained from the same sample by surprisingly small changes in the method of sample preparation. Type I spectra (hand-ground samples) are characterized by a sharp C = O stretching band at 1692 cm-1, and Type II spectra (vibrator-ground samples) are characterized by a broad C = O stretching band near 1710 cm-1. X-ray powder diffraction demonstrates that vibrator grinding promotes a transition from a crystalline to an amorphous phase. The two phases are not bioequivalent. Differential thermal analysis reveals a transition near 157 degrees and samples heated to 158 degrees give only Type II IR spectra. However, a marked color change accompanies such heating (i.e., structural changes affecting the chromophore have been thermally induced), while X-ray spectra show an increase of only about 30% in amorphous content. Furthermore, hand-ground samples heated to 120 degrees still display only Type I IR spectra. Thus, the vibrator-induced transition is not solely a static thermal effect. Many observed spectral lines can be assigned to specific functional groups.
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. EFFECT OF L‐LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE UPON UREA FORMATION IN TWO PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
- Author
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Wilson L and Jan A. Kylstra
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Lysine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Uremia ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Nandrolone ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Urea ,Chronic renal failure ,Nephrosclerosis ,medicine.drug - Published
- 1963
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A Micro-Extraction Technique with Compounds Isolated from Thin-Layer Chromatograms
- Author
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Alma L Hayden, Neuman R. Craig, and Wilson L Brannon
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Chromatography, Paper ,Infrared Rays ,Elution ,Infrared ,Hydantoins ,Microchemistry ,Spectrum Analysis ,Potassium ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Analytical chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Halide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Spectral line ,Solvent ,chemistry ,Methods ,Chromatography, Thin Layer ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
A micro-apparatus is described for the extraction of drugs and related compounds from thin-layer or paper chromatograms by continuous elution with 1 ml. solvent. The sample, after extraction, is ground with KBr, mounted on a micro potassium halide plate, and placed in the center of a paper frame with a window area for infrared analysis. Spectra can be determined on 5- or 10-mcg. samples without beam condensers, ordinate expanders, or micro-dies.
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Infrared identification of maleic acid in pharmaceutical maleate salts
- Author
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Wilson L Brannon, Joseph Levine, and George Schwartzman
- Subjects
Dosage Forms ,Chlorpheniramine ,Maleic acid ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Spectrophotometry, Infrared ,Infrared ,Maleates ,General Chemistry ,Dosage form ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Spectrophotometry ,medicine ,Organic chemistry ,Moiety ,Amine gas treating ,Amines ,Chlorpheniramine Maleate ,Tablets - Abstract
Difficulties are encountered in the USP melting point identification test for maleic acid extracted from chlorpheniramine maleate. A general procedure is described for the isolation and infrared identification of the maleic acid moiety of pharmaceutical salts from drug substances or dosage forms. This procedure permits the concurrent infrared identification of the amine moiety.
- Published
- 1976
50. Changes in Sulfur Content and Isotopic Ratios of Sulfur during Petroleum Maturation--Study of Big Horn Basin Paleozoic Oils
- Author
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Wilson L. Orr
- Subjects
Maturity (geology) ,Hydrogen sulfide ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Mineralogy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Geology ,Fractionation ,equipment and supplies ,Sulfur ,Catalysis ,Flue-gas desulfurization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Environmental chemistry ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Petroleum ,Sulfate - Abstract
Changes in sulfur content and sulfur-isotope ratios with "thermal maturation" have been studied using Big Horn basin (Wyoming) Paleozoic oils as examples of "single source" oils which have attained different stages of maturity as a result of variations in thermal history. With increasing maturity, API°, GOR, S/N, ^dgrC13, and ^dgrS34 all increase, whereas percentage S and percentage N decrease. Except for the increase in ^dgrS34 and S/N, these changes generally are recognized as typical of the thermal-maturation process. Hydrogen sulfide produced in low concentrations by microbial sulfate reduction in shallow reservoirs varies in ^dgrS34 and generally does not appear to change ^dgrS34 of associated oil. Isotopically unrelated H2S and organic sulfur may remain for long times because of negligible reaction between H2S and oil at low temperatures and low H2S pressures. The major new conclusion from this study is that thermal maturation in high-temperature reservoirs (more than 80-120°C) with sulfate present may involve nonmicrobial sulfate reduction with a negligible isotopic fractionation, producing reduced sulfur species with nearly the same isotopic composition as the reservoir sulfate. In this case, sulfurization and desulfurization of oil compete in kinetically controlled processes resulting in isotopic exchange. The ^dgrS34 of H2S and organic sulfur in oils change toward that of reservoir sulfate. Exchange is faster for H2S than for oil. Initial oils with a homogeneous ^dgrS34 distribution with boiling point and compound type become heterogeneous; the lower boiling fractions approach reservoir s lfate values faster than high-boiling fractions. The large increase in S/N ratio with maturation is attributed to percent S being maintained at a significant level by competing sulfurization and desulfurization processes, whereas percent N continues to decrease. The mechanism for high-temperature sulfate reduction is proposed to be the reaction of H2S and SO4= to produce elemental sulfur and polysulfides, which react rapidly to oxidize and dehydrogenate organic compounds and distribute the sulfur between oil and H2S. High concentrations of H2S may accumulate in this case, and oils or condensates may develop abnormally high concentrations of thiols. H2S is a catalyst as well as a product of the reaction; the process, therefore, may be autocatalytic.
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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