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Background: Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important edible bean in the human diet worldwide. However, its growth, development, and yield may be restricted or limited by insufficient or unbalanced nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization. Under intensive cropping systems, large amounts of K are removed, leading to serious depletion of soil K reserves. Therefore this study was conducted to generate the high yield and to improve yield components via effective and balanced fertilization.Methods: In this field experimentation during 2014-2016 different levels of potassium through soil application and foliar spray were studied. Three locations were selected on the basis dominance of the crops under rainfed condition.Result: In the present experimentation there was a significant effect of potash levels on plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight and grain yield. Significantly the highest grain yield (1120 kg ha-1) was recorded with 20 kg K2O ha-1, which was at par with 30 kg K2O ha-1. However, the grain yield with 20 kg K2O ha-1 was reported statistically equivalent yield with two foliar spray of muriate of potash (KCL) at flowering and pod filling stage. The pigments responsible for photosynthesis such as chlorophyll was favourably influenced by soil and foliar application of potassium. The K use efficiency parameters of AE, AR, ENUE and VCR were relatively high with potash application @ 20 kg ha-1 thereafter it declines. The positive balance of K is highly predominant in almost all the potassium applied plots which imply that the use of K fertilizers is optimal.

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of potassium fertilization on growth, yield, quality, soil fertility and economics of chickpea during rabi 2008-09 to 2010-11. The growth and yield attributes were significantly improved by different potash levels. The application of 20 kg K2O/ha increase the seed and straw yield significantly over RDF alone and absolute control, however, could not influence significantly over foliar application of KNO3 (2%) twice at flowering and 15 days thereafter. Seed yield of chickpea increases up to 40 kg K2O/ha-1 and further decreases with 50 kg K2O/ha though the difference between them remained at par. The highest uptake of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium was observed at 40 kg K2O ha-1 which was at par with 30 kg K2O ha-1. The seed protein content increased gradually with increase in potash level and maximum protein content were recorded with application of 40 kg K2O/ha-1 along with physical properties. Available N, P and K status of soil after harvest of chickpea were significantly influenced due to potash levels over initial status. The significantly higher net return was obtained with application of RDF+ 40 kg K2O ha-1 which in turn was found at par with lower level of RDF 30 kg K2O ha-1.