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The purpose of this paper is to study the core performance of passive safety small reactor for distributed energy supply by changing the heavy water (D2O) concentration in the mixed coolant together with the fuel pitch. The long core life with conditions of the excessive reactivity of 2 %Δk/k, the reactivity shutdown margin of 1 %Δk/k and the negative coolant temperature reactivity coefficient is attained for the case of D2O concentration of 60% with 10% enrichment gadolinia (Gd2O3) doped fuel rods. This D2O core has a shorter core life 4.14 years than the original light water (H2O) core 4.76 years, while it needs a larger core size. However, changing the D2O concentration on the way during the burn-up shows a possibility of extending more the core life than that of the original H2O core.

A steam-water separator with the help of the Coulomb force generated by the Corona discharge, has the merits of being a simple structure, one capable of separating very small quantities of water droplets while decreasing the flow pressure resistance in the system under development. while the principle behind this separator is the same as that of the electrostatic precipitator, used for the separation of particulate pollutants, the characteristics of an electric field in a mist flow, the water droplet is different from that of the air flow, which is without the water droplets. A calculating method to predict the water droplet collecting efficiency of this separator has been developed on the basis of this experimental data. This was conducted using water-air under conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Chromatographic behavior of metal complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline, 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline, and 5,7-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline in the reversed-phase system has been studied using a variety of organic modifiers. In the acetone modifier system, the capacity factors (k') of the corresponding vanadium(V), nickel(II), and cobalt(III) complexes increased with increasing number of substituted chlorine atoms in the ligands. With acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase, the k' values of the metal 8-hydroxyquinoline complexes decreased with increasing contents of the modifier, depending on the strength of polarity parameters. The k' values, experimentally determined, can be related to the polarity parameters of organic modifiers for tervalent metal ions, but not for monovalent and divalent ions.

The purpose of this paper is to study the core performance of passive safety small reactor for distributed energy supply by changing the heavy water (D{sub 2}O) concentration in the mixed coolant together with the fuel pitch. The long core life with conditions of the excessive reactivity of 2 %{delta}k/k, the reactivity shutdown margin of 1 %{delta}k/k and the negative coolant temperature reactivity coefficient is attained for the case of D{sub 2}O concentration of 60 % with 10 % enrichment gadolinia (Gd{sub 2}O{sub 3}) doped fuel rods. This D{sub 2}O core has a shorter core life 4.14 years than the original light water (H{sub 2}O) core 4.76 years, while it needs a larger core size. However, changing the D{sub 2}O concentration on the way during the burn-up shows a possibility of extending more the core life than that of the original H{sub 2}O core. (authors)

The residual mechanical strength and ductility of 304 stainless steel claddings were studied in tests of ring compression, ring tension and hardness. The tests were made after the specimens had been heated in steam and in argon gas to temperatures between 900° C and 1350° C. The effects of crystal grain growth and oxygen absorption in the metal on the residual properties were also studied. The experiments showed that the claddings retained their ductility well at temperatures below 1300° C and when the oxide scale thickness was below 40% of the initial wall thickness. The claddings maintained a constant level of residual strength when heated at temperatures over 1000° C or when the oxide thickness was over five percent. These results were used to support our proposals for limits on stainless steel cladding damage in a LOCA.

An experiment on oxidation of 304 stainless steel was performed in steam between 900°C and 1350°C, using the spare cladding of the reactor of the nuclear-powered ship Mutsu. The temperature range was appropriate for a postulated loss of coolant accident (LOCA) analysis of a LWR. The oxidation kinetics were found to obey the parabolic law during the first period of 8 min. After the first period, the parabolic reaction rate constant decreased in the case of heating temperatures between 1100°C and 1250°C. At 1250°C, especially, a marked decrease was observed in the oxide scale-forming kinetics when the surface treated initially by mechanical polishing and given a residual stress. This enhanced oxidation resistance was attributed to the presence of a chromium-enriched layer which was detected by use of an X-ray microanalyzer. The oxidation kinetics equation obtained for the first 8 min is applicable to the model calculation of a hypothetical LOCA in a LWR, employing 304 stainless steel cladding.