624 results on '"Tao Guo"'
Search Results
2. Supramolecular Nano‐Grid Platform to Load and Deliver Liposomes and Exosomes
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Jing Li, Wuzhen Ma, Xiaohong Ren, Tao Guo, Boyang Yang, Chenxi Huang, Ting Xiong, Yuhua Guo, Zeru Li, Siwen Wang, Bingqian Jia, Shujun Wang, Li Wu, and Jiwen Zhang
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boronated organic framework ,exosomes ,liposomes ,nano‐grid particles ,stimuli‐responsive ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In general, carriers are designed to deliver pharmaceutical (featuring small drug‐molecules) and biopharmaceutical (featuring large‐molecule drugs, e.g., antibodies, proteins, etc.) active ingredients and platform that is capable of transporting nanoparticles is rare. Herein, the fabrication of a supramolecular carrier with a nano‐grid structure for the entrapment of liposomes and exosomes is reported. The nano‐grid particles (NGP) are made of cyclodextrins as elementary units which are widely used to load drugs through host–guest inclusion complexes, whilst its secondary structure further formed the NGP tertiary architectures, enabling the entrapment of nanoparticles. The NGP features stimuli responsiveness, tunable surface charge, and good biocompatibility. The entrapped liposomes in NGP present enhanced distribution in lungs and extended duration of action in mice. And elongated release profiles for over 14 days is obtained for exosomes—making one‐of‐its‐kind unique platform to load and deliver nanoparticles.
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- 2024
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3. Genome-Wide Profile of Mutations Induced by Carbon Ion Beam Irradiation of Dehulled Rice Seeds
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Ying Ling, Yuming Zhang, Ming Huang, Tao Guo, and Guili Yang
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Oryza sativa L. ,carbon ion beam (CIB) irradiation ,resequencing ,single base substitution (SBS) ,InDels ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
As a physical mutagen, carbon ion beam (CIB) irradiation can induce high-frequency mutation, which is user-friendly and environment-friendly in plant breeding. In this study, we resequenced eight mutant lines which were screened out from the progeny of the CIB-irradiated dehulled rice seeds. Among these mutants, CIB induced 135,535 variations, which include single base substitutions (SBSs), and small insertion and deletion (InDels). SBSs are the most abundant mutation, and account for 88% of all variations. Single base conversion is the main type of SBS, and the average ratio of transition and transversion is 1.29, and more than half of the InDels are short-segmented mutation (1–2 bp). A total of 69.2% of the SBSs and InDels induced by CIBs occurred in intergenic regions on the genome. Surprisingly, the average mutation frequency in our study is 9.8 × 10−5/bp and much higher than that of the previous studies, which may result from the relatively high irradiation dosage and the dehulling of seeds for irradiation. By analyzing the mutation of every 1 Mb in the genome of each mutant strain, we found some unusual high-frequency (HF) mutation regions, where SBSs and InDels colocalized. This study revealed the mutation mechanism of dehulled rice seeds by CIB irradiation on the genome level, which will enrich our understanding of the mutation mechanism of CIB radiation and improve mutagenesis efficiency.
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- 2024
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4. Unveiling the Role of RNA Recognition Motif Proteins in Orchestrating Nucleotide-Binding Site and Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein Gene Pairs and Chloroplast Immunity Pathways: Insights into Plant Defense Mechanisms
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Fengwei Gu, Zhikai Han, Xiaodi Zou, Huabin Xie, Chun Chen, Cuihong Huang, Tao Guo, Jiafeng Wang, and Hui Wang
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rice blast ,NLRs ,RNA recognition motif ,chloroplast immunity ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In plants, nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs) play pivotal roles in effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, the precise mechanisms underlying NLR-mediated disease resistance remain elusive. Previous studies have demonstrated that the NLR gene pair Pik-H4 confers resistance to rice blast disease by interacting with the transcription factor OsBIHD1, consequently leading to the upregulation of hormone pathways. In the present study, we identified an RNA recognition motif (RRM) protein, OsRRM2, which interacted with Pik1-H4 and Pik2-H4 in vesicles and chloroplasts. OsRRM2 exhibited a modest influence on Pik-H4-mediated rice blast resistance by upregulating resistance genes and genes associated with chloroplast immunity. Moreover, the RNA-binding sequence of OsRRM2 was elucidated using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. Transcriptome analysis further indicated that OsRRM2 promoted RNA editing of the chloroplastic gene ndhB. Collectively, our findings uncovered a chloroplastic RRM protein that facilitated the translocation of the NLR gene pair and modulated chloroplast immunity, thereby bridging the gap between ETI and chloroplast immunity.
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- 2024
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5. Virtual Reality Assisted General Education of Nuclear Chemistry and Radiochemistry
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Wang, Yuan-Hao, Zhang, Guo-Hao, Xiang, Yu-Qin, Yuan, Wen-Li, Fu, Jie, Wang, Shuang-Long, Xiong, Ze-Xuan, Zhang, Ming-Dong, He, Ling, and Tao, Guo-Hong
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Nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry is a branch of chemistry that has high experimental risks, has high research costs, and is subject to certain prejudices. However, it has an extremely important influence on the development of human life. It is particularly important to emphasize the general education of nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry without compromising the quality of the teaching. The introduction of the general education mode into nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry overcomes the shortcomings of narrow audiences. However, single theoretical courses are limited to a slide-based lecture. Although the audience for general education is wide, it is difficult to carry out related experiments because of safety responsibility and teaching funds. In this work, VR technology was first applied to the general education of nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, and the audiences of the course were not limited to students who major in chemistry. The research results showed that not only did the VR platform effectively improve students' learning confidence, but also the effect of teacher-student interaction and the usability of VR equipment were recognized. This work may bring enlightenment to the popularization of nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry through new media technology.
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- 2022
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6. An Automated Guided Vehicle Path Planning Algorithm Based on Improved A* and Dynamic Window Approach Fusion
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Tao Guo, Yunquan Sun, Yong Liu, Li Liu, and Jing Lu
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AGV path planning ,DWA algorithm ,fusion algorithm ,improved A* algorithm ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Aimed at the problems of low search efficiency of the A* algorithm in global path planning, not considering the size of AGV and too many turns, and the DWA algorithm easily falling into local optimization, an AGV path planning algorithm based on improved A* and DWA fusion is proposed. To begin, the obstacle rate coefficient is added to the A* algorithm’s evaluation function to build an adaptive cost function; the search efficiency and path safety are increased by improving the search mode; by extracting key nodes, a global path containing only the starting point, key nodes, and endpoints is obtained. The DWA algorithm’s evaluation function is then optimized and the starting azimuth is optimized based on information from the first key node. The experimental results show that in a static environment, compared with the traditional A* algorithm and the improved A* algorithm, the path length is reduced by 1.3% and 5.6%, respectively, and the turning times are reduced by 62.5% and 70%, respectively; compared with the improved ant colony algorithm in the literature, the turning angle is reduced by 29%. In the dynamic environment, the running time of this fusion algorithm is reduced by 12.6% compared with the other hybrid algorithms.
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- 2023
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7. Locating Infectious Sources Using Bluetooth System of Smart Devices
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Hongli Qin, Tao Guo, and Yunan Han
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Bluetooth ,Bluetooth low energy ,COVID-19 ,contact tracing ,weight-based matching method ,smartphones ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, may have a significant impact on human daily life and social activities. One effective method to prevent and control the spread of such diseases is to accurately locate the sources of infection and limit the possible exposure to the virus. This paper presents a method, system, big data storage and analysis to control the infection based on Bluetooth technology. GPS and Bluetooth positioning are combined to track the movement trajectory of each person with a smart device, locally store the location information and close contacts, as well as periodically update it on the cloud platform. Based on the related algorithms of big data, this method can provide personal and regional risk levels, providing an alarm function which can be triggered by being close enough to a high-risk area or if the infected person’s risk level is greater than the set threshold within the Bluetooth interconnection range. The system can provide a wealth of data on the location of infection sources and close contacts, offering valuable technical support for rapid and efficient epidemic prevention and control.
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- 2023
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8. MYB Transcription Factor OsC1PLSr Involves the Regulation of Purple Leaf Sheath in Rice
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Ting Zou, Xinyi Wang, Tong Sun, Huazhen Rong, Linxuan Wu, Jing Deng, Tao Guo, Hui Wang, Jiafeng Wang, and Ming Huang
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rice ,purple leaf sheath ,PLSr ,transcriptional activity ,CRISPR/Cas9 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Although several regulators associated with purple traits in rice have been identified, the genetic basis of the purple sheath remains unclear. In the present study, F2-1 and F2-2 populations were constructed using purple sheath (H93S) and green sheath (R1173 and YHSM), respectively. In order to identify QTL loci in purple sheaths, BSA analyses were performed on the two F2 populations. A crucial QTL for purple sheath was identified, tentatively named qPLSr6, and was located in the 4.61 Mb to 6.03 Mb region of chromosome 6. Combined with expression pattern analysis of candidate genes, LOC_Os06g10350 (OsC1PLSr) was suggested as a candidate gene. The homozygous mutant KO-1 and KO-2 created through CRISPR/Cas9 editing, lost their purple leaf sheath. The RT-PCR revealed that OsC1PLSr, anthocyanin synthase (ANS), diflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), flavanone-3-hydroxylase (F3H), and flavanone-3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) expression levels were dramatically down-regulated in the mutants. The yeast report system indicated that the 145–272 aa region at the C-terminal of OsC1PLSr is a positive transcriptional activation domain. The results indicated that OsC1PLSr synthesized anthocyanins by regulating the expression of ANS, DFR, F3H, and F3′H. This study provides new insights into the genetic basis of the purple sheath.
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- 2023
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9. RNA-Seq and Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal Potential Genes for Rice Seed Shattering
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Linxuan Wu, Jicheng Yue, Jiafeng Wang, Wenyu Lu, Ming Huang, Tao Guo, and Hui Wang
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rice ,seed shattering ,GWAS ,transcriptome analysis ,haplotype analysis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The loss of the shattering ability is one of the key events in rice domestication. The strength of the seed shattering ability is closely related to the harvest yield and the adaptability of modern mechanical harvesting methods. In this study, using a population of 587 natural rice cultivars, quantitative trait loci associated with seed shattering were detected by genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We consider the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) qBTS1 and qBTS3 to be the key loci for seed shattering in rice. Additionally, the abscission zone (AZ) and nonabscission zone (NAZ) of materials with a loss of shattering (DZ129) and easy shattering (W517) were subjected to RNA-Seq, and high-quality differential expression profiles were obtained. The AZ-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of W517 were significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, while the AZ-specific DEGs of DZ129 were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. We identified candidate genes for the lignin-associated laccase precursor protein (LOC_Os01g63180) and the glycoside hydrolase family (LOC_Os03g14210) in the QTLs qBTS1 (chromosome 1) and qBTS3 (chromosome 3), respectively. In summary, our findings lay the foundation for the further cloning of qBTS1 and qBTS3, which would provide new insights into seed shattering in rice.
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- 2022
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10. The Study of Release Mechanisms for Drug in Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks
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Congbiao Liu, Tao Guo, Weimin Li, Zhiteng Jiang, Min Chen, Nongzhang Xu, Zhongjian Fang, and Cuihong Wang
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2019
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11. Design, synthesis, antiviral bioactivities and interaction mechanisms of penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives containing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold
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Lijuan Chen, Xiaobin Wang, Xu Tang, Rongjiao Xia, Tao Guo, Cheng Zhang, Xiangyang Li, and Wei Xue
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Penta-1,4-diene-3-one ,Oxime ether ,Quinazolin-4(3H)-one ,Antiviral activity ,Tobacco mosaic virus ,Interaction mechanisms ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract Background penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether and quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives possess favorable agricultural activities. Aiming to discover novel molecules with highly-efficient agricultural activities, a series of penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives containing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activities. Result Antiviral bioassays indicated that some title compounds exhibited significant antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). In particular, compounds 8c, 8j and 8k possessed appreciable curative activities against TMV in vivo, with half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 138.5, 132.9 and 125.6 μg/mL, respectively, which are better than that of ningnanmycin (207.3 μg/mL). Furthermore, the microscale thermophoresis experiments (MST) on the interaction of compound 8k with TMV coat protein (TMV CP) showed 8k bound to TMV CP with a dissociation constant of 0.97 mmol/L. Docking studies provided further insights into the interaction of 8k with the Arg90 of TMV CP. Conclusions Sixteen penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives containing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold were designed, synthesized, and their antiviral activities against TMV were evaluated. Antiviral bioassays indicated that some target compounds exhibited remarkable antiviral activities against TMV. Furthermore, through the MST and docking studies, we can speculate that 8k inhibited the virulence of TMV by binding Arg90 in TMV CP. These results indicated that this kind of penta-1,4-diene-3-one oxime ether derivatives containing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold could be further studied as potential alternative templates in the search for novel antiviral agents.
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- 2019
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12. A Novel Method for Fault Diagnosis of Bearings with Small and Imbalanced Data Based on Generative Adversarial Networks
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Qingbin Tong, Feiyu Lu, Ziwei Feng, Qingzhu Wan, Guoping An, Junci Cao, and Tao Guo
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fault diagnosis ,small and imbalanced data ,ACGAN ,spectral normalization ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis method of rolling bearings has strict requirements regarding the number and balance of fault samples. However, in practical engineering application scenarios, mechanical equipment is usually in a normal state, and small and imbalanced (S & I) fault samples are common, which seriously reduces the accuracy and stability of the fault diagnosis model. To solve this problem, an auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network with spectral normalization (ACGAN-SN) is proposed in this paper. First, a generation module based on a deconvolution layer is built to generate false data from Gaussian noise. Second, to enhance the training stability of the model, the data label information is used to make label constraints on the generated fake data under the basic GAN framework. Spectral normalization constraints are imposed on the output of each layer of the neural network of the discriminator to realize the Lipschitz continuity condition so as to avoid vanishing or exploding gradients. Finally, based on the generated data and the original S & I dataset, seven kinds of bearing fault datasets are made, and the prediction results of the Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model is verified. The results show that the data generated by ACGAN-SN can significantly promote the performance of the fault diagnosis model under the S & I fault samples.
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- 2022
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13. Frequency and Spectrum of Mutations Induced by Gamma Rays Revealed by Phenotype Screening and Whole-Genome Re-Sequencing in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Yan Du, Zhuo Feng, Jie Wang, Wenjie Jin, Zhuanzi Wang, Tao Guo, Yuze Chen, Hui Feng, Lixia Yu, Wenjian Li, and Libin Zhou
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gamma rays ,mutation ,phenotype screening ,whole-genome re-sequencing ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Genetic variations are an important source of germplasm diversity, as it provides an allele resource that contributes to the development of new traits for plant breeding. Gamma rays have been widely used as a physical agent for mutation creation in plants, and their mutagenic effect has attracted extensive attention. However, few studies are available on the comprehensive mutation profile at both the large-scale phenotype mutation screening and whole-genome mutation scanning. In this study, biological effects on M1 generation, large-scale phenotype screening in M2 generation, as well as whole-genome re-sequencing of seven M3 phenotype-visible lines were carried out to comprehensively evaluate the mutagenic effects of gamma rays on Arabidopsis thaliana. A total of 417 plants with visible mutated phenotypes were isolated from 20,502 M2 plants, and the phenotypic mutation frequency of gamma rays was 2.03% in Arabidopsis thaliana. On average, there were 21.57 single-base substitutions (SBSs) and 11.57 small insertions and deletions (InDels) in each line. Single-base InDels accounts for 66.7% of the small InDels. The genomic mutation frequency was 2.78 × 10−10/bp/Gy. The ratio of transition/transversion was 1.60, and 64.28% of the C > T events exhibited the pyrimidine dinucleotide sequence; 69.14% of the small InDels were located in the sequence with 1 to 4 bp terminal microhomology that was used for DNA end rejoining, while SBSs were less dependent on terminal microhomology. Nine genes, on average, were predicted to suffer from functional alteration in each re-sequenced line. This indicated that a suitable mutation gene density was an advantage of gamma rays when trying to improve elite materials for one certain or a few traits. These results will aid the full understanding of the mutagenic effects and mechanisms of gamma rays and provide a basis for suitable mutagen selection and parameter design, which can further facilitate the development of more controlled mutagenesis methods for plant mutation breeding.
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- 2022
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14. A New RING Finger Protein, PLANT ARCHITECTURE and GRAIN NUMBER 1, Affects Plant Architecture and Grain Yield in Rice
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Peiwen Yan, Yu Zhu, Ying Wang, Fuying Ma, Dengyong Lan, Fuan Niu, Shiqing Dong, Xinwei Zhang, Jian Hu, Siwen Liu, Tao Guo, Xiaoyun Xin, Shiyong Zhang, Jinshui Yang, Liming Cao, and Xiaojin Luo
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RING finger protein ,plant architecture ,grain yield ,cytokinin ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Developing methods for increasing the biomass and improving the plant architecture is important for crop improvement. We herein describe a gene belonging to the RING_Ubox (RING (Really Interesting New Gene) finger domain and U-box domain) superfamily, PLANT ARCHITECTURE and GRAIN NUMBER 1 (PAGN1), which regulates the number of grains per panicle, the plant height, and the number of tillers. We used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to introduce loss-of-function mutations to OsPAGN1. Compared with the control plants, the resulting pagn1 mutant plants had a higher grain yield because of increases in the plant height and in the number of tillers and grains per panicle. Thus, OsPAGN1 may be useful for the genetic improvement of plant architecture and yield. An examination of evolutionary relationships revealed that OsPAGN1 is highly conserved in rice. We demonstrated that OsPAGN1 can interact directly with OsCNR10 (CELL NUMBER REGULATOR10), which negatively regulates the number of rice grains per panicle. A transcriptome analysis indicated that silencing OsPAGN1 affects the levels of active cytokinins in rice. Therefore, our findings have clarified the OsPAGN1 functions related to rice growth and grain development.
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- 2022
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15. Expression of a NGATHA1 Gene from Medicago truncatula Delays Flowering Time and Enhances Stress Tolerance
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Tao Guo, Shumin Wang, Yinruizhi Li, Jianbo Yuan, Lixin Xu, Tiejun Zhang, Yuehui Chao, and Liebao Han
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NGA1 ,M. truncatula ,late flowering ,branch ,abiotic stress response ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Shoot branching is one of the most variable determinants of crop yield, and the signaling pathways of plant branches have become a hot research topic. As an important transcription factor in the B3 family, NGATHA1 (NGA1), plays an important role in regulating plant lateral organ development and hormone synthesis and transport, but few studies of the role of this gene in the regulation of plant growth and stress tolerance have been reported. In this study, the NGA1 gene was isolated from Medicago truncatula (Mt) and its function was characterized. The cis-acting elements upstream of the 5′ end of MtNGA1 and the expression pattern of MtNGA1 were analyzed, and the results indicated that the gene may act as a regulator of stress resistance. A plant expression vector was constructed and transgenic Arabidopsis plants were obtained. Transgenic Arabidopsis showed delayed flowering time and reduced branching phenotypes. Genes involved in the regulation of branching and flowering were differentially expressed in transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants demonstrated strong tolerances to salt- and mannitol-induced stresses, which may be due to the upregulated expression of NCED3 (NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 3) by the MtNGA1 gene. These results provide useful information for the exploration and genetic modification use of MtNGA1 in the future.
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- 2020
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16. Sediment Erosion Characteristics and Mechanism on Guide Vane End-Clearance of Hydro Turbine
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Yu Chen, Rennian Li, Wei Han, Tao Guo, Min Su, and Sanze Wei
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sediment erosion ,solid particle ,guide vane end-clearance ,turbulent characteristics ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Sediment erosion caused by the collision of solid particles is a challenge for the safety, reliability, unit efficiency, and vibration noise of the hydroelectric engineering system located at China’s Yellow River and northwest inland basin. The sediment-laden flow of the guide vane end-clearance of the Francis Turbine at Dongshuixia hydroelectric station was used as the research object, and the large eccentric shaft structure of a guide vane was considered. Numerical calculations with the large eddy simulation (LES) and discrete phase models (DPMs) were carried out to study the erosion characteristics and mechanism of the end-surface of the guide vane and head cover, the flow mechanism of adverse erosion behind the shaft, and the influence law of the turbulence integral scale, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent flow angle on erosion. The flow field with a 1 mm clearance should set the number of particle trajectory per unit inlet area at about 1/mm2 to ensure the accuracy of calculation. The von Kármán vortex street is the main reason for adverse erosion behind the shaft and the low frequency energy of the turbulence plays a leading role in erosion. The above results provide a reference for the optimization design of an anti-wear guide vane and wear-protection of the clearance with sediment-laden water.
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- 2019
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17. Isolation and Functional Characterization of MsFTa, a FLOWERING LOCUS T Homolog from Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
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Junmei Kang, Tiejun Zhang, Tao Guo, Wang Ding, Ruicai Long, Qingchuan Yang, and Zhen Wang
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alfalfa ,MsFTa ,flowering time ,transgenic plants ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The production of hay and seeds of alfalfa, an important legume forage for the diary industry worldwide, is highly related to flowering time, which has been widely reported to be integrated by FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). However, the function of FT(s) in alfalfa is largely unknown. Here, we identified MsFTa, an FT ortholog in alfalfa, and characterized its role in flowering regulation. MsFTa shares the conserved exon/intron structure of FTs, and the deduced MsFTa is 98% identical to MtFTa1 in Medicago trucatula. MsFTa was diurnally regulated with a peak before the dark period, and was preferentially expressed in leaves and floral buds. Transient expression of MsFTa-GFP fusion protein demonstrated its localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm. When ectopically expressed, MsFTa rescued the late-flowering phenotype of ft mutants from Arabidopsis and M. trucatula. MsFTa over-expression plants of both Arabidopsis and M. truncatula flowered significantly earlier than the non-transgenic controls under long day conditions, indicating that exogenous MsFTa strongly accelerated flowering. Hence, MsFTa functions positively in flowering promotion, suggesting that MsFTa may encode a florigen that acts as a key regulator in the flowering pathway. This study provides an effective candidate gene for optimizing alfalfa flowering time by genetically manipulating the expression of MsFTa.
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- 2019
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18. AuPt Nanoparticles Clusters on MWCNTs with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation
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Changzheng Wang, Fengnan Yang, Li Gao, Shoufang Xu, Louzhen Fan, Tao Guo, Yongfeng Liu, Lian Zhou, and Yang Zhang
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AuPt nanoparticles clusters ,MWCNTs ,nanocomposites ,electrocatalytic activity ,methanol oxidation ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
AuPt nanoparticles clusters (NPCs) were electrodeposited on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The as-prepared AuPt NPCs@MWCNTs nanocomposites exhibited considerably enhanced electrocatalytic activity than Pt NPs@MWCNTs for methanol oxidation in acid medium. In comparison with Pt NPs@MWCNTs, a remarkable resistance to CO poisoning and a higher If/Ib value (the ratio of the forward scan oxidation peak current (If) and reverse scan oxidation peak current (Ib)) was achieved by AuPt NPCs@MWCNTs electrocatalyst, which is attributable to the unique NPCs nanostructure with enlarged electrochemical active surface areas. These results demonstrated the potential of AuPt NPCs@MWCNTs, which can be considered as an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells.
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- 2018
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19. A green and efficient synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives catalyzed by 1-n-butyl-3-methylimmidazolium tetrafluoroborate
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Hong-Jing Hao, Jing-Jun Ma, Chun Wang, Xin Zhou, Tao Guo, and Chao Li
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Ionic liquid ,Quinoxaline derivatives ,Synthesis ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The room temperature ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimmidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) was used to promote the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives under grinding condition. The yields were ranged in 86.0-95.1%. It was shown that the proposed method is fast, efficient and environmentally benign.
- Published
- 2011
20. Inhibition of Tissue Factor Expression in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Nanoparticles Loading NF-κB Decoy Oligonucleotides
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Wangqiang Sun, Xiaoping Zhang, Heng Mei, Tao Guo, Yu Hu, and Huafang Wang
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Tissue factor ,decoy oligonucleotides ,nanoparticles ,nuclear factor-kappaB ,polylactic acid ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
To investigate a nuclear factor-kappa B decoy oligonucleotides strategy on the inhibition of tissue factor (TF) expression in cultured rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) by polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles delivery system and to evaluate this new vector for in vitro gene therapy. Nanoparticles were formulated using poly D,L-polylactic acid with surface modifying by polysorbates 80. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assays showed that PLA nanoparticles were not toxic to the cultured BMECs.The decoy oligonuceotides (ODNs) loaded within nanoparticles was 6 μg/mg, encapsulation efficacy was (60.5±1.5)%. It was observed by flow cytometry that the cellular uptake of nanoparticles depended on the time of incubation and the concentration of nanoparticles in the medium. And confocal microscopy demonstrated that nanoparticles localized mostly in the BMECs cytoplasm. The released decoy oligonuceotides (ODNs) uptaked by BMECs retained their biologic activity and led to reduced level of tissue factor expression as compared to control cultures. These findings offer a potential therapeutic strategy in the control of TF expression in BMECs in vitro and suggest that PLA nanoparticles may be appropriate as delivery vehicles for decoy strategy in the gene therapy of cerebral thrombosis.
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- 2008
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21. Transparent and Flexible Capacitors with an Ultrathin Structure by Using Graphene as Bottom Electrodes
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Tao Guo, Guozhen Zhang, Xi Su, Heng Zhang, Jiaxian Wan, Xue Chen, Hao Wu, and Chang Liu
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transparent and flexible capacitors ,graphene ,ZrO2 films ,atomic layer deposition ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Ultrathin, transparent and flexible capacitors using graphene as the bottom electrodes were directly fabricated on polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates. ZrO2 dielectric films were deposited on the treated surface of graphene by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The deposition process did not introduce any detectible defects in the graphene, as indicated by Raman measurements, guaranteeing the electrical performances of the graphene electrodes. The Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films were prepared as the top electrodes using the ALD technique. The capacitors presented a high capacitance density (10.3 fF/μm2 at 10 kHz) and a relatively low leakage current (5.3 × 10−6 A/cm2 at 1 V). Bending tests revealed that the capacitors were able to work normally at an outward bending radius of 10 mm without any deterioration of electrical properties. The capacitors exhibited an average optical transmittance of close to 70% at visible wavelengths. Thus, it opens the door to practical applications in transparent integrated circuits.
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- 2017
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22. Gadolinium- and lead-containing functional terpolymers for low energy X-ray protection
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Ming Zhang, Xiang An Lu, Chunhong Wang, Zhang Yujuan, Xin-Tao Guo, and De-Feng Wu
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Metal-containing terpolymers ,Materials science ,020209 energy ,Gadolinium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Methacrylate ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Metal ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Parameter estimation ,Reactivity (chemistry) ,Mass attenuation coefficient ,Methyl methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Ternary reactivity ratios ,TK9001-9401 ,Polymer ,Monomer ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Nuclear engineering. Atomic power ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
By polymerization of gadolinium methacrylate (Gd (MAA)3), lead methacrylate (Pb(MAA)2) and methyl methacrylate (MMA), Gd and Pb were chemically bonded into polymers. The X-ray shielding performance was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation method, and the results showed that the more metal functional organic monomer, the better the shielding performance of terpolymers. When the X-ray energy is 65 keV, Gd (MAA)3-containing polymers have better shielding performance than Pb(MAA)2-containing polymers. Gd could compensate for the weak absorption region of Pb. Therefore, polymers containing both Gd and Pb enhanced shielding efficiency against X-ray in various low-energy ranges. For obtaining terpolymers with uniform monomer compositions, the relationship between the monomer composition of the terpolymers and the conversion level was optimized by calculating the reactivity ratios. The value of reactivity ratios of r (Gd (MAA)3/Pb(MAA)2), r (Pb(MAA)2/Gd (MAA)3), r (Gd (MAA)3/MMA), r (MMA/Gd (MAA)3), r (Pb(MAA)2/MMA) and r (MMA/Pb(MAA)2) was 0.483, 0.004, 0.338, 2.508, 0.255, 0.029. The terpolymers with uniform monomer composition could be obtained by controlling the monomer compositions or conversion levels. The results can provide new radiation protection materials and contribute to the improvement in nuclear safety.
- Published
- 2021
23. Performance Enhancement of Actual Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation Through Surface Modified TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Based Photoanode Photocatalytic Fuel Cell
- Author
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Fengnan Yang, Lian Zhou, Changzheng Wang, Qiang Wang, Xicheng Li, Tao Guo, Shaobin Yu, and Yang Zhang
- Subjects
Nanotube ,Materials science ,Anodizing ,Biomedical Engineering ,Nanowire ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,Wastewater ,chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Degradation (geology) ,Surface modification ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Ethylene glycol - Abstract
Herein, we report a surface modified TiO2 nanowire arrays (NAs) photoanode based photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) towards simultaneous enhancement of actual wastewater treatment and electricity generation under visible light irradiation. TiO2 NAs were facile fabricated via two-step anodization process in ethylene glycol and glycerin solution, respectively. Actual wastewater samples were directly applied to evaluate the PFC performance in terms of wastewater degradation and electricity generation through the as-prepared TiO2 NAs photoanode without loading noble-metals or semiconductors. TiO2 NAs photoanode prepared from ethylene glycol solution demonstrated a highly ordered surface network, exhibiting short-circuit current density and fill factor nearly 4.3 times and 1.4 times higher than pristine TiO2 NAs photoanode prepared according to previous reports. The experimental results revealed that the fabrication of TiO2 NAs by a facile surface modification in ethylene glycol solution can be considered a low-cost and scalable routine for enhancing performance of PFC photoanode towards efficient actual wastewater treatment and electricity generation.
- Published
- 2021
24. Allicin inclusions with α‐cyclodextrin effectively masking its odor: Preparation, characterization, and olfactory and gustatory evaluation
- Author
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Xiao Jian, Yong Zhou, Weifeng Zhu, Tao Guo, Jiwen Zhang, Jing Feng, Li Wu, Qian Wei, and Peng Hui
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Masking (art) ,alpha-Cyclodextrins ,Taste ,Allicin ,Cyclodextrin ,Disulfide bond ,Sulfinic Acids ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,Preparation method ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Solubility ,chemistry ,Odor ,Reagent ,Odorants ,Food Technology ,Humans ,Organic chemistry ,Food Additives ,Disulfides ,Crystallization ,Food Science - Abstract
Allicin, a chemical found in functional foods, has a variety of beneficial bioactivities but the unpleasent odor and unstability hinder its applications. Isolating products from cyclodextrin (CD) complexation, using β-CD and its derivatives, is usually a time and energy-consuming process. Herein, a high-efficiency and eco-friendly preparation method of an inclusion (allicin@α-CD) formed by allicin and α-CD was designed, which turned liquid allicin into crystal particles with high-speed stirring (10,000 r/min) at 25°C for 10 min in water. In vivo and in vitro masking evaluations showed that the inclusion particles could decrease the unpleasant odor of allicin. Molecular docking and experimental characterization results illustrated that the main reason of odor masking was due to the disulfide and thiocarbonyl groups of allicin being partially encapsulated by the cavity of α-CD. Compared with the physical mixture, the stability of allicin in allicin@α-CD at 60°C for 10 days was 33-fold improved. Overall, this efficient strategy of inclusion provided a promising approach for the industrialization of allicin-related formulations. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, an environmentally friendly method of α-CD inclusion without the use of organic reagents was designed to solidify and stabilize allicin, which effectively masked the unpleasant odor and taste of allicin. It has contributed greatly to improving the compliance of consumers and provided a new and effective approach to broaden the application of allicin.
- Published
- 2021
25. Thermal and combustion behavior of Al-MnO2 nanothermite with poly(vinylidene fluoride -co- hexafluoropropylene) energetic binder
- Author
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Jialin Chen, Miao Yao, Junyi Huang, Chang-hao Li, Tao Guo, Jiaxing Song, Fengli Bei, Xiaonan Zhang, Wen Ding, and Qin Yin
- Subjects
Exothermic reaction ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,Computational Mechanics ,Combustion ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Thermal analysis ,Fluoropolymers ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,Thermite ,Ignition system ,Military Science ,Nanothermite ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ceramics and Composites ,Fluorine ,Hexafluoropropylene ,Fluoride - Abstract
Fluoropolymers get increasing attention in energetic materials application due to the high fluorine content. To explore the effect of poly(vinylidene fluoride -co- hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) on Al/MnO2 nanothermite, the samples with different contents are prepared and characterized by SEM, TG-DSC, XRD, and their ignition and combustion behavior are tested and recorded. The results show that P(VDF-HFP) as an energetic binder can combine the nanothermite components together, even exist in the gaps. The integrity of energetic materials has been improved. Thermal analysis shows that the addition of P(VDF-HFP) greatly changes the thermal reaction processes, and the exothermic peaks appear early, but the utilization of fuel and oxidizer is not efficient from the XRD results. Furthermore, the appropriate addition of P(VDF-HFP) can directly reduce the ignition energy threshold and increase the combustion time, which is necessary for the potential ignition charge application. The possible reasons for above phenomena are discussed and analyzed. This research provides a reference for improvement of thermite-based ignition charge formulation.
- Published
- 2021
26. All-Optical Control of a Single Resonance in a Graphene-On-Silicon Nanobeam Cavity Using Thermo-Optic Effect
- Author
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Ciyuan Qiu, Sai Gao, Tao Guo, Linlong Tang, and Huiying Zeng
- Subjects
Mode volume ,Materials science ,Extinction ratio ,Silicon ,business.industry ,Graphene ,Resonance ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Signal edge ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,law.invention ,Thermal conductivity ,chemistry ,law ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Photonic crystal - Abstract
We propose and demonstrate on-chip all-optical control of a single resonance in a graphene-on-silicon nanobeam cavity using thermo-optic (TO) effect. In the design, the graphene sheet covered on the nanobeam cavity is patterned in a “U” shape, which enables the device to maintain a constant quality factor and a high extinction ratio (ER) after graphene transfer. Benefiting from the ultra-small optical mode volume of the nanobeam cavity and the high thermal conductivity of graphene, efficient all-optical control of a single resonance is implemented with a tuning efficiency of 0.0346 nm/mW. All-optical switching is also demonstrated with a switching power of 47 mW at a high ER of ∼16 dB. Moreover, the 10%–90% switching times are 3.24 μs and 5.52 μs for the rising edge and the falling edge, respectively. Such graphene-assisted device potentially could be a good candidate to realize efficient on-chip all-optical control of an individual resonance with a high ER.
- Published
- 2021
27. High-performance all-polymer solar cells enabled by a novel low bandgap non-fully conjugated polymer acceptor
- Author
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Jianwei Yu, Tao Liu, Wenhong Peng, Ellen Moons, He Yan, Lintao Hou, Huiliang Sun, Yiqun Xiao, Weiguo Zhu, Ergang Wang, Ruijie Ma, Zhenghui Luo, Guilong Cai, Wenyan Su, Yuxiang Li, Tao Guo, Feng Gao, Xinhui Lu, Qunping Fan, and Donghong Yu
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Absorption spectroscopy ,Band gap ,energy loss ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,all-polymer solar cells ,Conjugated system ,Photochemistry ,Acceptor ,Polymer solar cell ,power conversion efficiency ,non-fully conjugated polymer acceptors ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,morphology ,HOMO/LUMO - Abstract
The non-fully conjugated polymer as a new class of acceptor materials has shown some advantages over its small molecular counterpart when used in photoactive layers for all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), despite a low power conversion efficiency (PCE) caused by its narrow absorption spectra. Herein, a novel non-fully conjugated polymer acceptor PFY-2TS with a low bandgap of ~1.40 eV was developed, via polymerizing a large π-fused small molecule acceptor (SMA) building block (namely YBO) with a non-conjugated thioalkyl linkage. Compared with its precursor YBO, PFY-2TS retains a similar low bandgap but a higher LUMO level. Moreover, compared with the structural analog of YBO-based fully conjugated polymer acceptor PFY-DTC, PFY-2TS shows a similar absorption spectrum and electron mobility, but significantly different molecular crystallinity and aggregation properties, which results in optimal blend morphology with a polymer donor PBDB-T and physical processes of the device in all-PSCs. As a result, PFY-2TS-based all-PSCs achieved a PCE of 12.31% with a small energy loss of 0.56 eV enabled by the reduced non-radiative energy loss (0.24 eV), which is better than that of 11.08% for the PFY-DTC-based ones. Our work clearly demonstrated that non-fully conjugated polymers as a new class of acceptor materials are very promising for the development of high-performance all-PSCs. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Published
- 2021
28. A True Random Number Generator Based on Ionic Liquid Modulated Memristors
- Author
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Bai Sun, Shubham Ranjan, Guangdong Zhou, Yimin A. Wu, Cheng Du, Tao Guo, Y. Norman Zhou, and Lan Wei
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Random number generation ,Electrical engineering ,Cryptography ,02 engineering and technology ,Memristor ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Neuromorphic engineering ,law ,Ionic liquid ,Materials Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
The memristor-based neuromorphic computing application, which is highly flexible and capable of handling large amounts of parallel information, is one of the major breakthroughs in the past decade....
- Published
- 2021
29. Hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid uncoating: biological consequences and regulation by cellular nucleases
- Author
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Liudi Tang, Qiong Zhao, Yu-Huan Li, Jinhong Chang, Tianlun Zhou, Junjun Cheng, Jin Hu, and Ju-Tao Guo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Hepatitis B virus ,Cytoplasm ,TREX1 ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,nucleocapsid ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Cell Line ,nucleocapsid uncoating ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,stimulator of interferon genes (STING) ,General Medicine ,cccDNA ,Hep G2 Cells ,Phosphoproteins ,Nucleotidyltransferases ,Immunity, Innate ,genomic DNA ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Exodeoxyribonucleases ,chemistry ,Hepatocyte ,DNA, Viral ,Mutation ,Hepatocytes ,Parasitology ,DNA, Circular ,Nucleus ,DNA ,Research Article - Abstract
Upon infection of hepatocyte, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomic DNA in nucleocapsid is transported into the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA to serve as the template for transcription of viral RNAs. Viral DNA in the cytoplasmic progeny nucleocapsid is another resource to fuel cccDNA amplification. Apparently, nucleocapsid disassembly, or viral genomic DNA uncoating, is an essential step for cccDNA synthesis from both de novo infection and intracellular amplification pathways, and has a potential to activate DNA sensors and induce an innate immune response in infected hepatocytes. However, where and how the nucleocapsid disassembly occurs is not well understood. The work reported herein showed that the enhanced disassembly of progeny mature nucleocapsids in the cytoplasm supported cccDNA intracellular amplification, but failed to activate the cGAS-STING-mediated innate immune response in hepatocytes. Interestingly, while expression of a cytoplasmic exonuclease TREX1 in human hepatoma cells supporting HBV replication significantly reduced the amounts of cccDNA as well as its precursor, deproteinized relaxed circular (rc) DNA, expression of TREX1 in sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide-expressing human hepatoma cells did not inhibit cccDNA synthesis from de novo HBV infection. The results from this cytoplasmic nuclease protection assay imply that the disassembly of progeny mature nucleocapsids and removal of viral DNA polymerase covalently linked to the 5′ end of minus strand of rcDNA take place in the cytoplasm. On the contrary, the disassembly of virion-derived nucleocapsids during de novo infection may occur at a different subcellular compartment and possibly via distinct mechanisms.
- Published
- 2021
30. Effects of astaxanthin on plasma membrane function and fertility of boar sperm during cryopreservation
- Author
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Liang-zhen Sun, Shun-Li Yue, Xue-ying Shi, Hai-Tao Guo, Jing-yi Lin, Jia-Bo Zhou, Xiao-hu Jin, and Jing-Ran Wang
- Subjects
Male ,endocrine system ,BOAR ,Swine ,Xanthophylls ,digestive system ,Cryopreservation ,Andrology ,Lipid peroxidation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cryoprotective Agents ,Human fertilization ,Food Animals ,Animals ,Small Animals ,Acrosome ,Sperm motility ,Sperm plasma membrane ,urogenital system ,Equine ,Chemistry ,Cell Membrane ,Spermatozoa ,Sperm ,Fertility ,Sperm Motility ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Semen Preservation - Abstract
Mammalian sperm is highly susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the cryopreservation process. Astaxanthin (AST), a red pigment of the carotenoid family, is recognized as having a variety of beneficial biological activities and effects, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory. The present study aimed to investigate whether the presence of AST protected boar sperm from ROS stress during cryopreservation. Boar sperm was diluted with a freezing medium supplemented with different concentrations of AST (0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 5 μM). The addition of AST, especially at a concentration of 2 μM, exerted positive effects on post-thaw sperm motility parameters. Meanwhile, sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity of post-thaw sperm were significantly increased, while lipid peroxidation was inhibited in response to 2 μM AST treatment. Interestingly, compared to the control, supplementation with 2 μM AST increased unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) levels and decreased saturated fatty acids (SFAs) content in post-thaw sperm, leading to a decreased ratio of SFAs/UFAs in the AST group. In conclusion, the addition of AST to freezing extenders inhibited lipid peroxidation and regulated fatty acid composition of the sperm membrane, improved post-thaw sperm quality, and had no adverse effect on boar sperm in vitro fertilization (IVF) capacity and potential for embryonic development. Our data provide a novel insight into understanding the mechanisms of AST concerning protecting boar sperm quality against ROS damage during cryopreservation.
- Published
- 2021
31. Characterization and expression profile analysis of the 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase family in rice
- Author
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Xing Yungao, Zhiguang Sun, Xu Dayong, Li Jingfang, Wang Baoxiang, Chen Tingmu, Haifeng Wang, Bo Yang, Xu Bo, Tao Guo, Liu Yan, Jinbo Liu, Chi Ming, Guanglong Zhu, and Jian Li
- Subjects
Biochemistry ,Agronomy ,Chemistry ,Profile analysis ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase - Published
- 2021
32. Synthesis and properties of a benzoxazine monomer containing maleimide and biphenyl groups
- Author
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Chang Bo, Xu Youhui, Chen Ziran, Zhang Qi, Yang Fan, Han Tao, and Tao Guo
- Subjects
Biphenyl ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Ring-opening polymerization ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Maleimide - Abstract
Benzoxazine resin exhibits excellent properties and is widely used in many fields. Herein, the synthesis of a novel compound, the bis(2,4-dihydro-2 H-3-(4- N-maleimido)phenyl-1,3-benzoxazinyl)biphenyl (BMIPBB), has been reported, which was synthesized by reacting N-(4-aminophenyl)maleimide (APMI), formaldehyde, and 4,4’-dihydroxybiphenyl. 1,3,5-three(4-(maleimido)phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TMIPT) was formed as an intermediate during the reaction. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy experiments were conducted to determine the structure of BMIPBB. BMIPBB was obtained as a reddish-brown solid in 40.1% yield. The thermal properties of BMIPBB were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Analysis of the DSC curves revealed that the broad peak representing the release of curing reaction heat appeared in the temperature range of 140–330°C. The peak temperature was 242.59°C and the heat of the reaction was 393.82 J/g, indicating that the rate of the curing reaction was low and the heat of the reaction was high. Analysis of the TGA results revealed that the weight loss rate was 5% at 110°C. The monomer exhibited a significant weight loss in the range of 320–500°C. The compound lost 50% of its weight at a temperature of 427°C.
- Published
- 2021
33. SnS Nanoparticles Grown on Sn-Atom-Modified N,S-Codoped Mesoporous Carbon Nanosheets as Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction to Formate
- Author
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Yue Qin, Yi Chen, Man Ou, Sheng Li, Shulin Zhao, Tao Guo, Xiaojing Liu, and Yuping Wu
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials science ,Mesoporous carbon ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Chemical products ,Carbon dioxide ,Atom ,Nanoparticle ,General Materials Science ,Formate ,Electrochemistry - Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to formate provides a method for the synthesis of valuable fuels and chemical products. Herein, SnS nanoparticles were grown in situ on Sn-atom-mo...
- Published
- 2021
34. Synthesis of 4-oxotetrahydropyrimidine-1(2H)-carboxamides derivatives as capsid assembly modulators of hepatitis B virus
- Author
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Nicky Hwang, Julia Ma, Junjun Chen, Hui Liu, Jinhong Chang, Haiqun Ban, Stephan Menne, Lam Patrick Y S, Ju-Tao Guo, Yanming Du, and John L. Kulp
- Subjects
Hepatitis B virus ,Allosteric modulator ,010405 organic chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Pharmacology toxicology ,Phenyl ureas ,Core protein ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,4-Oxotetrahydropyrimidine ,Capsid assembly ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Capsid ,chemistry ,medicine ,Agarose ,Bioorganic chemistry ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Original Research - Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and evaluation of phenyl ureas derived from 4-oxotetrahydropyrimidine as novel capsid assembly modulators of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Among the derivatives, compound 27 (58031) and several analogs showed an activity of submicromolar EC50 against HBV and low cytotoxicities (>50 μM). Structure–activity relationship studies revealed a tolerance for an additional group at position 5 of 4-oxotetrahydropyrimidine. The mechanism study indicates that compound 27 (58031) is a type II core protein allosteric modulator (CpAMs), which induces core protein dimers to assemble empty capsids with fast electrophoresis mobility in native agarose gel. These compounds may thus serve as leads for future developments of novel antivirals against HBV.
- Published
- 2021
35. Visualization of endogenous p27 and Ki67 reveals the importance of a c-Myc-driven metabolic switch in promoting survival of quiescent cancer cells
- Author
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Liu Teng, Qihan Dong, Fengmin Shao, Tao Guo, Xiao Hong Zhao, Nicole Cole, Michael Carnell, Huixia Cao, Song Chen, Lei Jin, Didi Zhang, Alexandra C. Brown, Ting La, Dandan Li, Tao Liu, Yu Chen Feng, Rick F. Thorne, Jenny Y. Wang, Xudong Zhang, and Yuan Yuan Zhang
- Subjects
Cell ,oxidative phosphorylation ,Gene Expression ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Endogeny ,quiescent cells ,Resting Phase, Cell Cycle ,Green fluorescent protein ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ,Transcriptome ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ,medicine ,Humans ,Gene silencing ,quiescence ,Melanoma ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Cellular Senescence ,Cell Proliferation ,Chemistry ,Cell Cycle ,Cell cycle ,Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ,Cell biology ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Ki-67 Antigen ,c-Myc ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cancer cell ,IDH3 ,Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ,Research Paper - Abstract
Rationale: Recurrent and metastatic cancers often undergo a period of dormancy, which is closely associated with cellular quiescence, a state whereby cells exit the cell cycle and are reversibly arrested in G0 phase. Curative cancer treatment thus requires therapies that either sustain the dormant state of quiescent cancer cells, or preferentially, eliminate them. However, the mechanisms responsible for the survival of quiescent cancer cells remain obscure. Methods: Dual genome-editing was carried out using a CRISPR/Cas9-based system to label endogenous p27 and Ki67 with the green and red fluorescent proteins EGFP and mCherry, respectively, in melanoma cells. Analysis of transcriptomes of isolated EGFP-p27highmCherry-Ki67low quiescent cells was conducted at bulk and single cell levels using RNA-sequencing. The extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate were measured to define metabolic phenotypes. SiRNA and inducible shRNA knockdown, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were employed to elucidate mechanisms of the metabolic switch in quiescent cells. Results: Dual labelling of endogenous p27 and Ki67 with differentiable fluorescent probes allowed for visualization, isolation, and analysis of viable p27highKi67low quiescent cells. Paradoxically, the proto-oncoprotein c-Myc, which commonly drives malignant cell cycle progression, was expressed at relatively high levels in p27highKi67low quiescent cells and supported their survival through promoting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). In this context, c-Myc selectively transactivated genes encoding OXPHOS enzymes, including subunits of isocitric dehydrogenase 3 (IDH3), whereas its binding to cell cycle progression gene promoters was decreased in quiescent cells. Silencing of c-Myc or the catalytic subunit of IDH3, IDH3α, preferentially killed quiescent cells, recapitulating the effect of treatment with OXPHOS inhibitors. Conclusion: These results establish a rigorous experimental system for investigating cellular quiescence, uncover the high selectivity of c-Myc in activating OXPHOS genes in quiescent cells, and propose OXPHOS targeting as a potential therapeutic avenue to counter cancer cells in quiescence.
- Published
- 2021
36. The hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical SAPO-34 with improved MTO performance
- Author
-
Peixin Rui, Chen Feibiao, Wu Zheng, Xingtian Shu, Liao Weilin, Wang Baorong, Jianming Yang, Yanjuan Xiang, and Tao Guo
- Subjects
Silicon ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Microporous material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Hydrothermal synthesis ,Crystallization ,0210 nano-technology ,Selectivity ,Mesoporous material ,Porosity - Abstract
The fabrication of intracrystalline secondary pores is an important approach to improve the catalytic performance of microporous zeolites. Herein, a two-step crystallization process using only TEAOH/TEA has been developed for the hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical SAPO-34. When crystalline AlPO4 characterized with four-coordinated aluminum and phosphorus atoms was applied, hierarchical SAPO-34 could hydrothermally be synthesized under the nH2O : nAl2O3 > 20 condition, and the crystallization process was analyzed. The crystalline AlPO4 is beneficial for the SAPO-34 synthesis, and hierarchical SAPO-34 with abundant intracrystalline secondary porosity can be efficiently synthesized in 2 h. Although both the distribution range and volume of the mesopores decrease with time, the mesopore volume of hierarchical SAPO-34-31 achieved 0.069 cm3 g−1. Furthermore, the silicon atoms in hierarchical SAPO-34-31 are mainly in the Si(OAl)4 and Si(OSi)(OAl)3 states, and the accessibility would be improved by the intracrystalline mesopores (16–20.3 nm). SAPO-34-31 exhibited more excellent MTO activity than the nano-sized SAPO-34, and the selectivity of ethylene and propylene achieved more than 80%, while the nC2H4 : nC3H6 is always about 0.8.
- Published
- 2021
37. Probing the effect of straight chain fatty acids on the properties of lead-containing plexiglass
- Author
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De-Feng Wu, Ming Zhang, Zhang Yujuan, Lei Yu, Xin-Tao Guo, and Chunhong Wang
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Toughness ,Materials science ,Fabrication ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Fatty acid ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Methacrylate ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Electromagnetic shielding ,Transmittance ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Methyl methacrylate ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Lead (electronics) - Abstract
It was found that, just by adding easily accessible and low-cost straight chain fatty acid additives into the co-polymerization reaction system of lead methacrylate with methyl methacrylate, the optical properties of the produced lead-containing plexiglass could be significantly improved. In comparison with the material free of straight chain fatty acid, the light transmittance could be enhanced obviously from 42.97% to 91.84% at the highest, while the haze value was reduced from 94.83% to only 0.39%. Besides, the as-prepared lead-containing plexiglass was of good toughness and mechanical strength. This work may provide key techniques for the fabrication of γ-ray shielding plexiglasses with good optical properties and comprehensive mechanical properties to meet the requirements for atomic energy facilities. This is a significant progress in the atomic energy industry. The technique has been successfully applied in the large-scale production of 1 m × 1 m × 8.0 mm size plexiglass.
- Published
- 2021
38. Boron Quantum Dots for Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy
- Author
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Guoming Huang, Chao Xing, Shihao Zhuang, Jing Dai, Yating Guo, Tao Guo, Honglong Qiu, and Qiuyu Tang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Photothermal Therapy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Photothermal conversion ,Photoacoustic Techniques ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Quantum Dots ,Animals ,General Materials Science ,Boron ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Tumor therapy ,Photothermal therapy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Biological safety ,chemistry ,Quantum dot ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Photothermal therapy is a new type of tumor therapy with great potential. An ideal photothermal therapy agent should have high photothermal conversion effect, low biological toxicity, and degradability. The development of novel photothermal therapy agents with these properties is of great demand. In this study, we synthesized boron quantum dots (BQDs) with an ultrasmall hydrodynamic diameter. Both in vitro and in vivo studies show that the as-synthesized BQDs have good biological safety, high photoacoustic imaging performance, and photothermal conversion ability, which can be used for photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal agents for tumor treatment. Our investigations confirm that the BQDs hold great promise in tumor theranostic applications.
- Published
- 2020
39. Ultrasound-assisted tandem synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted pyrrole-2-carbonitriles from alkenes, TMSCN and N,N-disubstituted formamides
- Author
-
Qing-Wen Gui, Yang Liu, Jin-Yang Chen, Shengneng Ying, Jian-Xin Tang, Tao Guo, Zhong Cao, Fan Teng, and Weimin He
- Subjects
biology ,Tandem ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Iodine ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Cascade reaction ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Tetra ,Formamides ,0210 nano-technology ,Pyrrole - Abstract
An energy-saving and eco-friendly method for the efficient construction of various tri- and tetra-substituted pyrrolecarbonitriles through ultrasound-assisted multicomponent tandem reaction of readily available alkenes, TMSCN and N,N-disubstituted formamides within 40 min under metal-, solvent-free and mild conditions was developed. The dual role of iodine (catalyst and oxidant) notably simplified the reaction conditions and reduced the chemical waste generated
- Published
- 2020
40. Mechanism and optimization of supramolecular complexation‐enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy for the determination of SN‐38 in plasma and cells
- Author
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Kena Zhao, Xian Sun, Senlin Shi, Ting Xiong, Rui Yang, Huimin Sun, Tao Guo, Li Wu, Xiaohong Ren, and Jiwen Zhang
- Subjects
Kinetics ,Biophysics ,Supramolecular chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Irinotecan ,01 natural sciences ,Fluorescence spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animals ,Tissue Distribution ,Carboxylate ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Detection limit ,Cyclodextrins ,Cyclodextrin ,010401 analytical chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Fluorescence ,Rats ,0104 chemical sciences ,Spectrometry, Fluorescence ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Physical chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) - Abstract
Quantitative detection of two different forms of SN-38 in biological samples is, currently, cumbersome and difficult. A revisit to the mechanism of supramolecular complexation-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy helps to optimize the determination of SN-38 in plasma and the cellular pharmacokinetics in A549 cells based on the supramolecular complexation. Firstly, the inclusion mechanism dominated by thermodynamic constants was determined by measuring kinetic/thermodynamic parameters (kon , koff , ΔG, ΔH, ΔS). On this basis, the best effect of fluorescence sensitization was optimized through screening the interaction conditions (cyclodextrin species and concentrations, drug levels, temperature, pH of the buffer, and reaction time). Furthermore, the proportional relationship between the concentration of the inclusion complex and the fluorescence intensity was confirmed. Finally, a highly sensitive, selective spectrofluorimetric method was established and validated for quantitative analysis of the lactone and carboxylate molecular states of SN-38 plasma levels in rats and cell membrane transfer kinetics in A549 cell lines. The limits of detection for the lactone and carboxylate forms in plasma were found to be 0.44 ng·ml-1 and 0.28 ng·ml-1 , respectively. Precision and accuracy met the requirements of biological samples analysis. The proposed detection method provided a reference for elucidating the biodistribution of SN-38.
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- 2020
41. Carbohydrate and fat intake associated with risk of metabolic diseases through epigenetics of CPT1A
- Author
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Devin Absher, Bertha Hidalgo, Michael A. Province, David Fei, Caren E. Smith, Roberto Elosua, Hemant K. Tiwari, Sergi Sayols-Baixeras, Tao Guo, Chao-Qiang Lai, Carl Bender, Donna K. Arnett, Paul N. Hopkins, Marguerite R. Irvin, Jose M. Ordovas, Stella Aslibekyan, and Laurence D. Parnell
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Epigenome ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Framingham Heart Study ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase ,Triglyceride ,business.industry ,Hypertriglyceridemia ,Genetic Variation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dietary Fats ,Obesity ,Original Research Communications ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,DNA methylation ,Female ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Epigenome-wide association studies identified the cg00574958 DNA methylation site at the carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (CPT1A) gene to be associated with reduced risk of metabolic diseases (hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome), but the mechanism underlying these associations is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to elucidate whether carbohydrate and fat intakes modulate cg00574958 methylation and the risk of metabolic diseases. METHODS: We examined associations between carbohydrate (CHO) and fat (FAT) intake, as percentages of total diet energy, and the CHO/FAT ratio with CPT1A-cg00574958, and the risk of metabolic diseases in 3 populations (Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network, n = 978; Framingham Heart Study, n = 2331; and REgistre GIroní del COR study, n = 645) while adjusting for confounding factors. To understand possible causal effects of dietary intake on the risk of metabolic diseases, we performed meta-analysis, CPT1A transcription analysis, and mediation analysis with CHO and FAT intakes as exposures and cg00574958 methylation as the mediator. RESULTS: We confirmed strong associations of cg00574958 methylation with metabolic phenotypes (BMI, triglyceride, glucose) and diseases in all 3 populations. Our results showed that CHO intake and CHO/FAT ratio were positively associated with cg00574958 methylation, whereas FAT intake was negatively correlated with cg00574958 methylation. Meta-analysis further confirmed this strong correlation, with β = 58.4 ± 7.27, P = 8.98 x 10(-16) for CHO intake; β = −36.4 ± 5.95, P = 9.96 x 10(-10) for FAT intake; and β = 3.30 ± 0.49, P = 1.48 x 10(-11) for the CHO/FAT ratio. Furthermore, CPT1A mRNA expression was negatively associated with CHO intake, and positively associated with FAT intake, and metabolic phenotypes. Mediation analysis supports the hypothesis that CHO intake induces CPT1A methylation, hence reducing the risk of metabolic diseases, whereas FAT intake inhibits CPT1A methylation, thereby increasing the risk of metabolic diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the proportion of total energy supplied by CHO and FAT can have a causal effect on the risk of metabolic diseases via the epigenetic status of CPT1A. Study registration at https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/: the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN)—NCT01023750; and the Framingham Heart Study (FHS)—NCT00005121.
- Published
- 2020
42. Azobenzene Photoswitch for Isomerization‐Dependent Cancer Therapy via Azo‐Combretastatin A4 and Phototrexate
- Author
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Yanjun Zhao, Di Naer Mulatihan, and Tao Guo
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Drug ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Combretastatin a4 ,Cancer therapy ,Antineoplastic Agents ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Isomerism ,Neoplasms ,Stilbenes ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Cytotoxicity ,Patient compliance ,media_common ,Photoswitch ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Azobenzene ,Cancer research ,0210 nano-technology ,Azo Compounds ,Isomerization - Abstract
The adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs to healthy organs/cells greatly limit their clinical efficacy and patient compliance. The unique behavior of azobenzene photoswitch offers a remarkable tool to address the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The azobenzene moiety has been integrated within some chemotherapeutic drugs to realize photo-triggered activation of drug cytotoxicity. However, the clinical translation of these agents has been facing a few barriers. In this short review, we present our viewpoints on potential solutions to address the following challenges associated with azobenzene-based photoswitchable chemotherapeutic drugs, including poor tissue penetration of light, hypoxia-induced drug degradation in solid tumor and the autonomous cis-trans relaxation.
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- 2020
43. Palladium-Catalyzed anti-Michael Reductive Heck Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Esters
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Haiyan Xu, Lili Zhou, Xiaojin Wu, Teck-Peng Loh, Yalan Ding, Tao Guo, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
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010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Aryl ,Reductive Heck Reaction ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Conjugated system ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Heck reaction ,Chemistry [Science] ,Molecule ,Selectivity ,Anti-Michael Selectivity ,Palladium - Abstract
A general intermolecular anti-Michael reductive Heck reaction of α,β-unsaturated esters with organobromides has been developed. Most topical classes of aryl, heteroaryl, and vinyl bromides were found to efficiently react with a variety of internal conjugated alkenes. This protocol set up a platform toward diverse α-arylated 1,6-dicarbonyl frameworks found in natural products and drugs, which are still highly challenging targets in traditional α-arylation protocols because of competitive selectivity of enolation. A removable directing group, gram-scale reaction, and modification of complex molecules have additionally demonstrated that the anti-Michael reductive Heck reaction is a powerful complementary strategy to the classical α-arylation approaches. Preliminary mechanistic studies are consistent with our proposed mechanistic design. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21602104), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK 20160986), the Starting Funding of Research (3983500176) from Nanjing Tech University. We thank Dr. Victor Gray and Dr. Sanyang Han (from Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge) for proofreading.
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- 2020
44. Highly Efficient and Eco‐Benign Synthesis of 3‐Imidazoheterocyclic‐Substituted Phthalides/Isoindolinones in Water under Catalyst‐ and Additive‐Free Conditions
- Author
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Yong-Cheng Ma, Hui‐Jie Wang, Pan-Ke Zhang, Tao Guo, Can‐Can Cao, Kuo‐Hong Chen, Liu Yu, and Yun-Hui Zhao
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Green chemistry ,Reaction mechanism ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2020
45. Biofilm eradication by in situ generation of reactive chlorine species on nano-CuO surfaces
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Rui Peng, Wang Wei, Zhenzhen Wang, Li Wang, Tao Guo, Andrew J. Carrier, Jiali Liu, Qisheng Liang, and Xu Zhang
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inorganic chemicals ,In situ ,Materials science ,biology ,Mechanical Engineering ,Biofilm ,chemistry.chemical_element ,macromolecular substances ,Bacterial growth ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biofouling ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Nano ,Chlorine ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,Escherichia coli ,Bacteria - Abstract
Herein, we constructed a nano-CuO film on copper foil for the in situ generation of reactive chlorine species (RCS) for the contact killing of bacteria and biofilm suppression and dispersal. Both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were susceptible to this treatment. Additionally, we demonstrate the solid nano-CuO interface-based heterogeneous Fenton chemistry rather than leached copper-ion-based homogeneous Fenton chemistry is responsible for RCS generation and bacterial cytotoxicity. This process is modulated by the H2O2 and Cl− concentrations in bacterial growth environment. The potential applications for in situ generation of RCS might be the incorporation of CuO nanoparticles into functional food contact surfaces as well as coating materials for marine biofouling control.
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- 2020
46. Tumor‐associated macrophage interleukin‐β promotes glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase activation, glycolysis and tumorigenesis in glioma cells
- Author
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Yueting Liu, Zhongye Xu, Hubin Duan, Huangsuo Wang, Hongming Ji, Zi-Gang Zhen, Bo Li, Bin Wu, Ruisheng Zhang, Dawei Wang, Jie Zhou, Tao Guo, Huoquan Tang, Jian Lu, and Yuhu Niu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Carcinogenesis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Interleukin-1beta ,Mice, Nude ,Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase ,macrophage ,Tumor-associated macrophage ,medicine.disease_cause ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,GPD2 ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Glioma ,Tumor Microenvironment ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Glycolysis ,Tumor microenvironment ,PKCδ ,Brain Neoplasms ,Chemistry ,Macrophages ,glioblastoma ,Interleukin ,Receptor Cross-Talk ,Original Articles ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Cytokine ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Heterografts ,Phosphorylation ,Original Article ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Tumor‐immune crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) occurs at all stages of tumorigenesis. Tumor‐associated M2 macrophages play a central role in tumor development, but the molecular underpinnings have not been fully elucidated. We demonstrated that M2 macrophages produce interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), which activates phosphorylation of the glycolytic enzyme glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) at threonine 10 (GPD2 pT10) through phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase‐mediated activation of protein kinase‐delta (PKCδ) in glioma cells. GPD2 pT10 enhanced its substrate affinity and increased the catalytic rate of glycolysis in glioma cells. Inhibiting PKCδ or GPD2 pT10 in glioma cells or blocking IL‐1β generated by macrophages attenuated the glycolytic rate and proliferation of glioma cells. Furthermore, human glioblastoma tumor GPD2 pT10 levels were positively correlated with tumor p‐PKCδ and IL‐1β levels as well as intratumoral macrophage recruitment, tumor grade and human glioblastoma patient survival. These results reveal a novel tumorigenic role for M2 macrophages in the TME. In addition, these findings suggest possible treatment strategies for glioma patients through blockade of cytokine crosstalk between M2 macrophages and glioma cells., Tumor‐associated macrophages regulate glioma cell glycolysis through GPD2. GPD2 pT10 correlates with grades and prognosis in glioblastoma patients.
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- 2020
47. Glycoside scutellarin enhanced CD-MOF anchoring for laryngeal delivery
- Author
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Yong Zhou, Jiwen Zhang, Ruxandra Gref, Kena Zhao, Xue Li, Ting Xiong, Li Wu, Caifen Wang, Priyanka Mittal, Tao Guo, Senlin Shi, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), and Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Glycoside Compound ,Molecular simulation ,γ-Cyclodextrin metal-organic framework ,Dexamethasone ,Laryngeal delivery ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,[CHIM]Chemical Sciences ,Laryngeal Diseases ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Scutellarin ,Chemistry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Glycoside ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Dry powder ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Drug delivery ,Original Article ,Biomedical engineering ,Particle fraction - Abstract
It is essential to develop new carriers for laryngeal drug delivery in light of the lack of therapy in laryngeal related diseases. When the inhalable micron-sized crystals of γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) was utilized as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) carrier with high fine particle fraction (FPF), it was found in this research that the encapsulation of a glycoside compound, namely, scutellarin (SCU) in CD-MOF could significantly enhance its laryngeal deposition. Firstly, SCU loading into CD-MOF was optimized by incubation. Then, a series of characterizations were carried out to elucidate the mechanisms of drug loading. Finally, the laryngeal deposition rate of CD-MOF was 57.72 ± 2.19% improved by SCU, about two times higher than that of CD-MOF, when it was determined by Next Generation Impactor (NGI) at 65 L/min. As a proof of concept, pharyngolaryngitis therapeutic agent dexamethasone (DEX) had improved laryngeal deposition after being co-encapsulated with SCU in CD-MOF. The molecular simulation demonstrated the configuration of SCU in CD-MOF and its contribution to the free energy of the SCU@CD-MOF, which defined the enhanced laryngeal anchoring. In conclusion, the glycosides-like SCU could effectively enhance the anchoring of CD-MOF particles to the larynx to facilitate the treatment of laryngeal diseases., Graphical abstract Glycoside scutellarin enhanced inhalable γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework particles anchoring in larynx. As a proof-of-concept, dexamethasone co-delivered with scutellarin (SCU) had enhanced laryngeal deposition. Laryngeal deposition of dried powders was evaluated using the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor. Molecular simulation revealed the scutellarin incorporation in CD-MOF and its effect to the surface properties.Image 1
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- 2020
48. Effect of long-term differentiated fertilisation regimes on greenhouse gas emissions from a subtropical rice-wheat cropping system
- Author
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Xiaojun Shi, Jiupai Ni, Aiying Huang, Zhijian Mu, Fa Wang, Xiao Lin, and Tao Guo
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Soil conditioner ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Greenhouse gas ,Crop yield ,Carbon dioxide ,Global warming ,Soil Science ,Environmental science ,Climate change ,Subtropics ,Fertilisation - Published
- 2020
49. Extraction Optimization of Six Alkaloids and Four Lignans in Zanthoxylum armatum by Orthogonal Design and Ultra-fast Liquid Chromatography–tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
- Author
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Junqing Zhang, Mai Shiying, Yi-ran Wang, Tao Guo, Li Yonghui, An Jia, and Hailong Li
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Perchlorate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromatography ,chemistry ,Pinoresinol ,Electrospray ionization ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Repeatability ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,Mass spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Alkaloids and lignans in Zanthoxylum armatum display important biological activities, but the quanitification method of alkaloids has not been reported. In this study, an effective extraction method was developed through an orthogonal design, and ten compounds in roots, stems, branches and leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum were simultaneously quantified by ultra-fast liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC–MS/MS). The roots, stems, branches and leaves of Z. armatum were ultrasonically extracted with methanol (solvent–to–sample ratio 100 : 1, v/w) for 10 min. An UFLC–MS/MS method was developed with a gradient UFLC mobile phase and triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode. The method was validated for linearity, precision, repeatability and accuracy. The limits of detection and quantification were within 0.01–7.5 and 0.04–30 ng/mL, respectively. The root samples collected from Tian’e County were abundant in N-methylanhydrotetrahydroberberrubine A, escholidine perchlorate and pinoresinol monomethyl ether, eudesminthe.
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- 2020
50. Effects of oxygen concentrations on the coal oxidation characteristics and functional groups
- Author
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Chi-Min Shu, Tao Guo, Yang Xiao, Long-Gang Chen, Da-Jing Li, and Qing-Wei Li
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Exothermic reaction ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Autoignition temperature ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Oxygen ,010406 physical chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Degree (temperature) ,Adsorption ,Limiting oxygen concentration ,Coal ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
To investigate the impact of oxygen for the feature parameters of the coal oxidation process, the coal samples were selected from mines of Liuhuanggou and Ewirgol in Xinjiang Province, China. TGA/DSC–FTIR was employed to conduct the coal mass, heat, and functional groups under oxygen concentrations of 3, 6, 9, 15, and 21 vol% from 30 to 950 °C. In the entire coal–oxygen reaction, the characteristic temperatures were divided into T1 (adsorption temperature), T2 (oxygen-adsorption mass-gain starting temperature), T3 (oxygen-adsorption mass-gain maximum temperature), T4 (ignition temperature), T5 (max mass loss rate temperature), and T6 (burnout temperature). The results indicated that with the decrease in oxygen concentration, the feature temperature point gradually transferred to the high-temperature area. The coal samples maximum exothermic temperature rose, the maximum exothermic power decreased, and the net thermal release decreased along the entire reaction process of coal sample. The feature temperature excursion of the coal–oxygen composite reactive incurred the hysteresis effect, which was obvious when the oxygen concentration was 3 vol%. Furthermore, the content of main functional groups of coal microstructure was the highest at T2, and the content gradually decreased with the temperature increase continuously. As the increase in oxygen concentration, the content of main functional groups increased. Among them, there was no considerable change in the hydroxyl content in the coal microstructure on the characteristic temperatures of 75, 140, and 350 °C. As the temperature rose to 140 °C, the content of main functional groups with a varying degree grew. When the temperature reached 350 °C, the oxygen-containing functional group began to decrease.
- Published
- 2020
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