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Azo dyes belong to the most important group of synthetic colorants and are used extensively in the textile industries and food coloring. the present study the ability of Lactobacillus paracasei. isolate to modify the dyes; Tartrazin, Allura red and Amaranth was investigated. lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates were isolated from dried milk and identified by API 50 CHL Kit. All isolates screened for their capability to modify the food coloring Tartrazin, Amaranth, Allura red. The isolate modified dyes under anaerobic conditions, in MRS Broth. The product had a different color or color - less according differences in incubation time (0, 4, 24,72) hr. and different PH (5,6,8). It absorbed light at 427 and 520 nm,504 nm for Tar., Ama., All. Respectively that degrade dyes were characterized as . Were able to decolorize azo dyes (0.OO6 g/l00ml) within 24hr at optimized conditions pH 5- 6- 8, temperature 37oC.

Aims: To identify the diversity of pigmented aerobic spore formers found in the environment and to characterize the chemical nature of this pigmentation. Materials and Results: Sampling of heat-resistant bacterial counts from soil, sea water and the human gastrointestinal tract. Phylogenetic profiling using analysis of 16S rRNA sequences to define species. Pigment profiling using high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array analysis. Conclusions: The most commonly found pigments were yellow, orange and pink. Isolates were nearly always members of the Bacillus genus and in most cases were related with known species such as Bacillus marisflavi, Bacillus indicus, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus altitudinis and Bacillus safensis. Three types of carotenoids were found with absorption maxima at 455, 467 and 492 nm, corresponding to the visible colours yellow, orange and pink, respectively. Although the presence of other carotenoids cannot be ruled out, these three predominant carotenoids appear to account for the pigments obtained in most pigmented bacilli, and our analysis reveals the existence of a C30 biosynthetic pathway. Interestingly, we report the presence of a water-soluble pigment that may also be a carotenoid. The function of carotenoids is photoprotection, and carotenoid-containing spores exhibited significantly higher levels of resistance to UV radiation than non–carotenoid-containing Bacillus species. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrates that pigmented bacilli are ubiquitous and contain new carotenoid biosynthetic pathways that may have industrial importance.

The serious and increasing form of the environmental pollution due to the electromagnetic interference is a big problem in all countries. Various forms of EMI may cause electrical and electronic malfunctions, can prevent the proper use of the of the radio frequency spectrum, can ignite flammable or other hazardous atmospheres, and may even have a direct effect on human tissue. The threat of EMI is controlled by adopting the practices of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), currently NIS-Egypt has the facilities to describe the ability of electrical and electronic devices, unit of equipment or systems to operate without interfering with other systems, also describes the ability of such systems to operate as intended within a specified electromagnetic environment according to the EMC directives which determine tests, measurements, limits and the essential requirements that products must satisfied before freely marketed . The paper gives an over view about the EMC lab at NIS showing both its functions and activities.

Partial discharge (PD) measurement is a proven flaw detection technique for finding defects in the insulating materials and thus accessing the integrity of the tested insulation. The different PD measurement techniques as well as the interpretation of the measurement results have been important research topics in the recent years. This paper contributes to the detection of the presence of free conducting particles in oil insulated apparatus. Acoustic and electrical based PD measurements were undertaken by deliberately introducing metallic particles of various compositions and dimensions in oil. The acoustic signal, formed due to the statistical analysis of the particle impact momentum during motion in oil was used as the basis for designing and training an intelligent classifier for disclosing the characteristics of the contaminating particle. It is proven that measurements and simulation results of the produced acoustics are in homogeneity