1. New perspectives in cancer: Modulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation resolution
- Author
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Prevete, Nella, Liotti, Federica, Amoresano, Angela, Pucci, Piero, de Paulis, Amato, Melillo, Rosa Marina, Prevete, Nella, Liotti, Federica, Amoresano, Angela, Pucci, Piero, DE PAULIS, Amato, and Melillo, ROSA MARINA
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Angiogenesis ,Inflammation ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Inflammation resolution ,Stroma ,Formyl peptide receptor ,Neoplasms ,Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Cancer ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Pharmacology ,Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase ,Lipid metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Lipid Metabolism ,Angiogenesi ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Immunology ,Pro-resolving pathway ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom ,Inflammation Mediators ,Formyl peptide receptors ,Pro-resolving pathways ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Inflammation is considered an enabling feature of cancer. Besides the persistence of inflammatory stimuli, also defective mechanisms of resolution can lead to chronic inflammation. Inflammation resolution is an active process controlled by lipidic specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), derived from ω-3 or ω-6 essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) through the activity of lipoxygenases (ALOX5 and 15). Thus, a lack or defect in resolution mechanisms may affect cancer development and progression by prolonging inflammation. Components of pro-resolving pathways (PUFA, enzymes, or SPMs) have been reported to modulate various cancer features by affecting both cancer cells and cancer-associated stroma. Here, we will review the most important mechanisms by which SPMs, ω-3/6 PUFA, and ALOXs affect cancer biology, paying particular attention to their role in the inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis, two of the most important hallmarks of cancer. The collection of these results may suggest novel perspectives in cancer management based on the modulation of lipid metabolism and the production of SPMs.
- Published
- 2018