2,216 results on '"Osaka, A."'
Search Results
2. A Simple, Fast, Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method to Quantify NAD(H) in Biological Samples: Plasma NAD(H) Measurement to Monitor Brain Pathophysiology
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Tamaki Ishima, Natsuka Kimura, Mizuki Kobayashi, Ryozo Nagai, Hitoshi Osaka, and Kenichi Aizawa
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LC-MS/MS ,NADH ,NAD+ ,validation ,plasma ,brain ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor in redox reactions and an essential mediator of energy metabolism. The redox balance between NAD+ and NADH affects various diseases, cell differentiation, and aging, and in recent years there has been a growing need for measurement techniques with improved accuracy. However, NAD(H) measurements, representing both NAD+ and NADH, have been limited by the compound’s properties. We achieved highly sensitive simultaneous measurement of NAD+ and NADH under non-ion pairing, mobile phase conditions of water, or methanol containing 5 mM ammonium acetate. These were achieved using a simple pre-treatment and 7-min analysis time. Use of the stable isotope 13C5-NAD+ as an internal standard enabled validation close to BMV criteria and demonstrated the robustness of NAD(H) determination. Measurements using this method showed that brain NAD(H) levels correlate strongly with plasma NAD(H) levels in the same mouse, indicating that NAD(H) concentrations in brain tissue are reflected in plasma. As NAD(H) is involved in various neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia, as well as brain diseases such as mitochondrial myopathies, monitoring changes in NADH levels in plasma after drug administration will be useful for development of future diagnostics and therapeutics.
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- 2024
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3. High-Temperature Gaseous Reaction of Cesium with Siliceous Thermal Insulation: The Potential Implication to the Provenance of Enigmatic Fukushima Cesium-Bearing Material
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Muhammad Rizaal, Kunihisa Nakajima, Takumi Saito, Masahiko Osaka, and Koji Okamoto
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2022
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4. Air-Purge Regenerative Direct Air Capture Using an Externally Heated and Cooled Temperature-Swing Adsorber Packed with Solid Amine
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Heak Vannak, Yugo Osaka, Takuya Tsujiguchi, and Akio Kodama
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direct air capture ,temperature swing adsorption ,solid amine adsorbent ,carbon dioxide ,waste heat ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
CO2 capture from air is crucial in achieving negative emissions. Based on conventional or newly developed high-enriching processes, we investigated the rough enrichment of CO2 from air via an externally heated or cooled adsorber (temperature-swing adsorption, TSA), along with air purge using double-pipe heat exchangers packed with low-volatility polyamine-loaded silica. A simple adsorption–desorption cycle was attempted in a TSA experiment, by varying the temperature from 20 °C to 60 °C using moist air, yielding an average CO2 concentration of product gas that was ~17 times higher than the feed air, but the CO2 recovery rate was poor. A double-step adsorption process was applied to increase CO2 adsorption and recovery simultaneously. In this process, substantial-CO2-concentration gas was used as the product gas, and the remaining gas was used as the reflux feed gas for adsorber. This method can provide a product gas with ~100 times higher CO2 concentration than raw gas, with a recovery ratio ~60% under the shortest adsorption/desorption time and the longest refluxing time of cycle operation. Therefore, the refluxing step significantly helped to enhance CO2 capture via adsorption from elevated-CO2-concentration recirculating gas. With this CO2 concentration, the product gas can serve as the CO2 supplement for the growing plant processes.
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- 2023
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5. Revaporization Behavior of Cesium and Iodine Compounds from Their Deposits in the Steam–Boron Atmosphere
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Muhammad Rizaal, Shuhei Miwa, Eriko Suzuki, Junpei Imoto, Masahiko Osaka, and Mélany Gouëllo
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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6. Plasmonic Metamaterial Ag Nanostructures on a Mirror for Colorimetric Sensing
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Sayako Maeda, Noboru Osaka, Rei Niguma, Tetsuya Matsuyama, Kenji Wada, and Koichi Okamoto
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plasmonics ,metamaterials ,localized surface plasmon resonance ,colorimetric sensing ,nanohemisphere-on-mirror ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible range by using nanostructures on mirrors. The nanohemisphere-on-mirror (NHoM) structure is based on random nanoparticles that were obtained by heat-treating silver thin films and does not require any top-down nanofabrication processes. We were able to successfully tune over a wide wavelength range and obtain full colors using the NHoM structures, which realized full coverage of the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) standard RGB (sRGB) color space. Additionally, we fabricated the periodic nanodisk-on-glass (NDoG) structure using electron beam lithography and compared it with the NHoM structure. Our analysis of dark-field microscopic images observed by a hyperspectral camera showed that the NHoM structure had less variation in the resonant wavelength by observation points compared with the periodic NDoG structure. In other words, the NHoM structure achieved a high color quality that is comparable to the periodic structure. Finally, we proposed colorimetric sensing as an application of the NHoM structure. We confirmed the significant improvement in performance of colorimetric sensing using the NHoM structure and succeeded in colorimetric sensing using protein drops. The ability to fabricate large areas in full color easily and inexpensively with our proposed structures makes them suitable for industrial applications, such as displays, holograms, biosensing, and security applications.
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- 2023
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7. Two Types of PPARγ Ligands Identified in the Extract of Artemisia campestris
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Tokio Hasegawa, Mayo Osaka, Yusaku Miyamae, Katsutoshi Nishino, Hiroko Isoda, Kiyokazu Kawada, Mohamed Neffati, Kazuhiro Irie, and Masaya Nagao
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PPARγ ligand ,lipid accumulation ,cooperative activation ,ligand binding pocket ,docking simulation ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The 70% ethanol extract of Artemisia campestris was screened to find PPARγ ligands using the PPARγ ligand-responsive chimera luciferase reporter system. Capillartemisin B was identified as a PPARγ ligand that stimulated lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. By further purification of PPARγ ligands from a large-scale preparation of the methanol extract of Artemisia campestris, we isolated and identified eupatilin and santaflavone as PPARγ ligands. Weak PPARγ ligand activity of eupatilin or santaflavone in reporter assay was enhanced by a PPARγ antagonist, GW9662, suggesting that santaflavone or eupatilin and GW9662 bound simultaneously to the multiple sub-pockets of the PPARγ ligand-binding domain (LBD) and cooperatively activated PPARγ. Docking simulation suggested that eupatilin binds to the Ω-pocket but not to the AF-2 pocket of Y-shaped PPARγ LBD where artepillin C that differs from capillartemisin B at the C-5′ position without hydroxy group binds. Eupatilin or santaflavone with or without GW9662 did not stimulate lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that binding of each compound alone or with GW9662 to the Ω-pocket which stimulated the PPARγ-responsive reporter expression was not enough to stimulate lipid accumulation. The PPARγ ligands found in this study have a potential to design the fragment-based drug design of a novel PPARγ ligand that cover the Y-shaped PPARγ LBD.
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- 2021
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8. Estimating the Soundscape Structure and Dynamics of Forest Bird Vocalizations in an Azimuth-Elevation Space Using a Microphone Array
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Reiji Suzuki, Koichiro Hayashi, Hideki Osaka, Shiho Matsubayashi, Takaya Arita, Kazuhiro Nakadai, and Hiroshi G. Okuno
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bird song ,soundscape ,ecoacoustics ,sound source localization ,robot audition ,HARK ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Songbirds are one of the study targets for both bioacoustic and ecoacoustic research. In this paper, we discuss the applicability of robot audition techniques to understand the dynamics of forest bird vocalizations in a soundscape measured in azimuth and elevation angles with a single 16-channel microphone array, using HARK and HARKBird. First, we evaluated the accuracy in estimating the azimuth and elevation angles of bird vocalizations replayed from a loudspeaker on a tree, 6.55 m above the height of the array, from different horizontal distances in a forest. The results showed that the localization error of azimuth and elevation angle was equal to or less than 5 degrees and 15 degrees, respectively, in most of cases when the horizontal distance from the array was equal to or less than 35 m. We then conducted a field observation of vocalizations to monitor birds in a forest. The results showed that the system can successfully detect how birds use the soundscape horizontally and vertically. This can contribute to bioacoustic and ecoacoustic research, including behavioral observations and study of biodiversity.
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- 2023
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9. Adaptive Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for Study of Friction of Silica at Micronscale
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Le Van Sang, Akihiko Yano, Ai Osaka, Natsuko Sugimura, and Hitoshi Washizu
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sliding friction ,silica contact ,micronscale ,stick-slip time ,asph method ,particle discretization ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The paper focuses on examining agreement of the adaptive smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ASPH) in the investigation of the sliding friction of silica at micronscale throughout observation of several friction characteristics. It is found that the ASPH approach well presents the friction of micronscale silica due to agreement of the friction coefficient and the applied load-friction coefficient relationship between the present results and the previously experimental reports. The shape of the particle modeled in the ASPH almost does not effect on the detected results for the hard system due to the very slight variation of the particles during the sliding. However, the variation of the particles can explain for the discrepancy between the stick time and the slip time and the unsharp change between the stick state and the slip one. The study is also extended for the contacts of the two sinusoidal rough surfaces and finds that the friction coefficient is almost independent of the wavelength while it linearly increases with the amplitude.
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- 2020
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10. Comprehensive Steroid Assay with Non-Targeted Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
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Mai Yamakawa, Shigehiro Karashima, Riko Takata, Taichi Haba, Keigo Kuroiwa, Hideaki Touyama, Atsushi Hashimoto, Seigo Konishi, Daisuke Aono, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Hidetaka Nambo, Takashi Yoneda, and Issey Osaka
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steroid ,aldosterone ,quantitation ,non-target ,ion mobility ,LC/IM/MS ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) have different steroid profiles in serum, depending on the causative genetic mutation. Ion mobility is a separation technique for gas-phase ions based on their m/z values, shapes, and sizes. Human serum (100 µL) was purified by liquid–liquid extraction using tert-butyl methyl ether/ethyl acetate at 1/1 (v/v) and mixed with deuterium-labeled steroids as the internal standard. The separated supernatant was dried, re-dissolved in water containing 20% methanol, and injected into a liquid chromatography–ion mobility–mass spectrometer (LC/IM/MS). We established a highly sensitive assay system by separating 20 steroids based on their retention time, m/z value, and drift time. Twenty steroids were measured in the serum of patients with primary aldosteronism, essential hypertension, and healthy subjects and were clearly classified using principal component analysis. This method was also able to detect phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, which were not targeted. LC/IM/MS has a high selectivity for known compounds and has the potential to provide information on unknown compounds. This analytical method has the potential to elucidate the pathogenesis of APA and identify unknown steroids that could serve as biomarkers for APA with different genetic mutations.
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- 2022
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11. Effect of fluoroethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate additives on full-cell optimization of Li-ion capacitors
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Seongki Ahn, Minori Fukushima, Hiroki Nara, Toshiyuki Momma, Wataru Sugimoto, and Tetsuya Osaka
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Lithium-ion capacitor ,Electrolyte additive ,Fluoroethylene carbonate ,Vinylene carbonate ,Full-cell optimization ,Industrial electrochemistry ,TP250-261 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) operate by two mechanisms, namely a double-layer mechanism based on a capacitor-like positive electrode and the intercalation mechanism of a battery-like negative electrode. Hence, well-designed reaction kinetics between the positive electrode and negative electrode are essential for optimizing LIC full-cell configurations. In this study, we investigated the influences of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) or vinylene carbonate (VC) as electrolyte additives on full-cell performance of LICs. We confirmed that the internal resistance of graphite increased with the use of FEC, which degraded the cyclability of the LIC full-cell. Conversely, LICs consisting of the VC additive had good cyclability over 4000 cycles owing to the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) containing polymeric species. This detailed investigation into the function of SEI compounds derived from VC additives and their effect on cyclability will provide new insights into optimization of LIC full-cell configurations with appropriate electrolyte additives.
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- 2021
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12. Identification of Soluble Degradation Products in Lithium–Sulfur and Lithium-Metal Sulfide Batteries
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Fabian Horsthemke, Christoph Peschel, Kristina Kösters, Sascha Nowak, Kentaro Kuratani, Tomonari Takeuchi, Hitoshi Mikuriya, Florian Schmidt, Hikari Sakaebe, Stefan Kaskel, Tetsuya Osaka, Martin Winter, Hiroki Nara, and Simon Wiemers-Meyer
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batteries ,lithium-sulfur batteries ,LiS ,lithium-metal batteries ,lithium-metal sulfide batteries ,electrolyte decomposition ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Most commercially available lithium ion battery systems and some of their possible successors, such as lithium (metal)-sulfur batteries, rely on liquid organic electrolytes. Since the electrolyte is in contact with both the negative and the positive electrode, its electrochemical stability window is of high interest. Monitoring the electrolyte decomposition occurring at these electrodes is key to understand the influence of chemical and electrochemical reactions on cell performance and to evaluate aging mechanisms. In the context of lithium-sulfur batteries, information about the analysis of soluble species in the electrolytes—besides the well-known lithium polysulfides—is scarcely available. Here, the irreversible decomposition reactions of typically ether-based electrolytes will be addressed. Gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometric detection is able to deliver information about volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is already used to investigate similar samples, such as electrolytes from other battery types, including lithium ion batteries. The method transfer from these reports and from model experiments with non-target analyses are promising tools to generate knowledge about the system and to build up suitable strategies for lithium-sulfur cell analyses. In the presented work, the aim is to identify aging products emerging in electrolytes regained from cells with sulfur-based cathodes. Higher-molecular polymerization products of ether-based electrolytes used in lithium-sulfur batteries are identified. Furthermore, the reactivity of the lithium polysulfides with carbonate-based solvents is investigated in a worst-case scenario and carbonate sulfur cross-compounds identified for target analyses. None of the target molecules are found in carbonate-based electrolytes regained from operative lithium-titanium sulfide cells, thus hinting at a new aging mechanism in these systems.
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- 2022
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13. Development of fission product chemistry database ECUME for the LWR severe accident
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Shuhei MIWA, Kunihisa NAKAJIMA, Naoya MIYAHARA, Shunichiro NISHIOKA, Eriko SUZUKI, Naoki HORIGUCHI, Jiazhan LIU, Faoulat MIRADJI, Junpei IMOTO, Afiqa MOHAMAD, Gaku TAKASE, Hidetoshi KARASAWA, and Masahiko OSAKA
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fission product ,chemistry ,database ,cesium ,chemisorption ,thermodynamic ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
We extended the first version of fission product (FP) chemistry database named ECUME (Effective Chemistry database of fission products Under Multiphase rEaction). The extended ECUME consists of three kinds of datasets: CRK (dataset for Chemical Reaction Kinetics), EM (Elemental Model set) and TD (ThermoDynamic dataset). The present ECUME is equipped with the CRK for the reaction of Cs-I-B-Mo-O-H system and Ru-N-O-H system in gas phase, the EM for the Cs chemical reaction with stainless steel (SS) (Cs chemisorption onto SS) and the TD for CsBO2 vapor species and solid Cs2Si4O9 and CsFeSiO4. A FP chemical reaction calculation in gas phase with the CRK of Cs-I-B-Mo-O-H system has shown the necessity of consideration of chemical reaction kinetics for more accurate estimation of Cs and I release amount into environment. The EM for Cs chemisorption has successfully achieved more accurate estimation of Cs distribution in a reactor by reproducing the effects of CsOH vapor concentration in gas phase and Si content in SS which were not considered by the existing model. The high quality vapor pressure data for CsBO2 vapor were evaluated based on the result of a high temperature mass spectrometry. Cesium species at high temperature can be estimated by the thermodynamic data with high reliability. Thermodynamic data for solid Cs2Si4O9 and CsFeSiO4 were successfully evaluated by the experiment and ab-initio based methodology, respectively. These results have shown the validity and importance of the ECUME application for the more accurate evaluation of FP chemistry during transportation in a reactor under a LWR severe accident.
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- 2020
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14. B(MIDA)-Containing Diborons
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Hiroto Yoshida, Michinari Seki, Ikuo Kageyuki, Itaru Osaka, Sayaka Hatano, and Manabu Abe
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2017
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15. Effect of inorganic carbon limitation on the nitrogen removal performance of the single-stage reactor containing anammox and nitritation gel carriers
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Kazuichi Isaka, Shiori Nitta, Toshifumi Osaka, and Satoshi Tsuneda
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Sewage ,biology ,Nitrogen ,Single stage ,Bioengineering ,biology.organism_classification ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Nitrogen removal ,Carbon ,Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bioreactors ,chemistry ,Total inorganic carbon ,Anammox ,Nitrosomonas europaea ,Ammonium Compounds ,Denitrification ,Ammonium ,Nitrification ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Effluent ,Biotechnology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Herein, the effect of inorganic carbon (IC) limitation on the nitrogen removal performance of the single-stage reactor containing nitritation and anammox gel carriers was investigated. As a result of a continuous feeding test, the effluent ammonium concentration increased as the IC concentration decreased, indicating the deterioration of nitritation activity, not anammox. Furthermore, the sensitivity of IC to anammox and nitritation activity was investigated in anammox and nitritation reactors, respectively. Consequently, the relationship between the effluent IC concentration and nitritation rate was well described using the Michaelis-Menten equation. The apparent Km value of nitritation was calculated as 4.4 mg-C L-1. In anammox reactor, it was calculated as 1.7 mg-C L-1. These results revealed that the affinity of nitritation gel carriers to IC was lower than that of anammox, supporting that nitritation activity was easily deactivated by decrease in the IC concentration rather than anammox. Microbial community analysis revealed that Nitrosomonas europaea and Candidatus Jettenia asiatica were the dominant species of ammonium-oxidizing and anammox bacteria.
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- 2022
16. AGE-RAGE Axis Stimulates Oxidized LDL Uptake into Macrophages through Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5-CD36 Pathway via Oxidative Stress Generation
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Hironori Yashima, Michishige Terasaki, Ami Sotokawauchi, Takanori Matsui, Yusaku Mori, Tomomi Saito, Naoya Osaka, Hideki Kushima, Munenori Hiromura, Makoto Ohara, Tomoyasu Fukui, and Sho-ichi Yamagishi
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AGEs ,Cdk5 ,CD36 ,RAGE-aptamer ,macrophages ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are localized in macrophage-derived foam cells within atherosclerotic lesions, which could be associated with the increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease under diabetic conditions. Although foam cell formation of macrophages has been shown to be enhanced by AGEs, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Since cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is reported to modulate inflammatory responses in macrophages, we investigated whether Cdk5 could be involved in AGE-induced CD36 gene expression and foam cell formation of macrophages. AGEs significantly increased Dil-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake, and Cdk5 and CD36 gene expression in U937 human macrophages, all of which were inhibited by DNA aptamer raised against RAGE (RAGE-aptamer). Cdk5 and CD36 gene expression levels were correlated with each other. An antioxidant, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, mimicked the effects of RAGE-aptamer on AGE-exposed U937 cells. A selective inhibitor of Cdk5, (R)-DRF053, attenuated the AGE-induced Dil-ox-LDL uptake and CD36 gene expression, whereas anti-CD36 antibody inhibited the Dil-ox-LDL uptake but not Cdk5 gene expression. The present study suggests that AGEs may stimulate ox-LDL uptake into macrophages through the Cdk5–CD36 pathway via RAGE-mediated oxidative stress.
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- 2020
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17. Cesium Chemistry in the LWR severe accident and towards the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station
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Masahiko Osaka, Mélany Gouëllo, and Kunihisa Nakajima
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long-term source term ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,accidental source term ,Cesium ,chemistry - Abstract
Researches on the fission product chemistry made after the severe accident of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station were reviewed with focus on the Cs chemistry in terms of two regimes, namely, the accidental source term and the long-term source term via aqueous phase toward the decommissioning. For the accidental source term, Cs chemical interaction with Mo, B, and Si under steam atmosphere greatly affect the behavior of release from fuel and revaporization from the deposit on the structural material surface in the reactor coolant system. Regarding the unique issue of long-term source term via aqueous phase, Cs penetration into concrete and fuel debris leaching were mentioned as the main sources of FPs. Efforts on the preparation of thermodynamic data for the Cs complex oxides were described. All these Cs chemical behaviors should be modelled and validated/verified through the analysis and evaluation of the actual samples including fuel debris that would be taken from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in near future.
- Published
- 2021
18. Detection of Unbalanced Voltage Cells in Series-connected Lithium-ion Batteries Using Single-frequency Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
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Yasumasa Oguma, Tokihiko Yokoshima, Norihiro Togasaki, and Tetsuya Osaka
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Materials science ,Series (mathematics) ,chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,Time constant ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Lithium ,Lithium-ion battery ,Dielectric spectroscopy ,Voltage ,Ion - Abstract
For a battery module where single cells are connected in series, the single cells should each have a similar state of charge (SOC) to prevent them from being exposed to an overcharge or over-discharge during charge–discharge cycling. To detect the existence of unbalanced SOC cells in a battery module, we propose a simple measurement method using a single-frequency response of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For a commercially available graphite/nickel-cobalt-aluminum-oxide lithium-ion cell, the cell impedance increases significantly below SOC20%, while the impedance in the medium SOC region (SOC20%–SOC80%) remains low with only minor changes. This impedance behavior is mostly due to the elementary processes of cathode reactions in the cell. Among the impedance values (Z, Z′, Z″), the imaginary component of Z″ regarding cathode reactions changes heavily as a function of SOC, in particular, when the EIS measurement is performed around 0.1 Hz. Thanks to the significant difference in the time constant of cathode reactions between ≤SOC10% and ≥SOC20%, a single-frequency EIS measurement enlarges the difference in impedance between balanced and unbalanced cells in the module and facilitates an ~80% improvement in the detection signal compared to results with conventional EIS measurements.
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- 2021
19. Effect of dissolved oxygen on nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes from lake sediments and their thresholds based on incubation using a simple and stable dissolved oxygen control method
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Naoshige Goto, Ken'ichi Osaka, Takaaki Ishibashi, and Rei Yokoyama
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SIMPLE (dark matter experiment) ,chemistry ,Phosphorus ,Environmental chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Ocean Engineering ,Incubation ,Nitrogen ,Control methods - Published
- 2021
20. Effect of Temperature on Anammox Processes under Mesophilic Conditions
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Michika Toyoda, Kazuichi Isaka, Toshifumi Osaka, Satoshi Tsuneda, Shuhei Omae, and Yu Takahashi
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Anammox ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Pulp and paper industry ,Mesophile - Published
- 2021
21. Pronounced Backbone Coplanarization by π-Extension in a Sterically Hindered Conjugated Polymer System Leads to Higher Photovoltaic Performance in Non-Fullerene Solar Cells
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Tsubasa Mikie, Hideo Ohkita, Naoya Nakao, Hyung Do Kim, Soichiro Ogawa, Itaru Osaka, and Masahiko Saito
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Steric effects ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Fullerene ,Organic solar cell ,semiconducting polymers ,non-fullerene ,organic solar cells ,Polymer ,Conjugated system ,Photochemistry ,Acceptor ,thiazolothiazole ,chemistry ,benzobisthiazole ,conjugated polymers ,Side chain ,coplanar ,General Materials Science ,organic photovoltaics ,Solubility - Abstract
Achieving both the backbone order and solubility of π-conjugated polymers, which are often in a trade-off relationship, is imperative for maximizing the performance of organic solar cells. Here, we studied three different π-conjugated polymers based on thiazolothiazole (PSTz1 and POTz1) and benzobisthiazole (PNBTz1) that were combined with a benzodithiophene unit in the backbone, where PNBTz1 was newly synthesized. Because of the steric hindrance between the side chains located on neighboring heteroaromatic rings, POTz1 had a much less coplanar backbone than PSTz1 in which such a steric hindrance is absent. However, POTz1 showed higher photovoltaic performance in solar cells that used Y6 as the acceptor material. This was likely due to the significantly higher solubility of POTz1 than PSTz1, resulting in a better morphology. Interestingly, PNBTz1 was found to have markedly higher backbone coplanarity than POTz1, despite having similar steric hindrance between the side chains, most likely owing to the more extended π-electron system, whereas PNBTz1 had good solubility comparable to POTz1. As a result, PNBTz1 exhibited higher photovoltaic performance than POTz1 in the Y6-based cells: specifically, the fill factor was significantly enhanced. Our results indicate that the backbone order and solubility can be achieved by the careful molecular design, which indeed leads to higher photovoltaic performance.
- Published
- 2021
22. Effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum G9‐1 on the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin: An open‐label, single‐arm, exploratory research trial
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Saori Majima, Masahide Hamaguchi, Mai Asano, Tomoki Miyoshi, Hanako Nakajima, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Hiroshi Okada, Takuro Okamura, Emi Ushigome, Takafumi Osaka, Naoko Nakanishi, Shinnosuke Hata, Michiaki Fukui, Yukako Hosomi, Masahiro Yamazaki, and Takafumi Sennmaru
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Constipation ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Gastroenterology ,law.invention ,Probiotic ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Double-Blind Method ,law ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Aged ,Bifidobacterium bifidum ,ved/biology ,business.industry ,Probiotics ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Diarrhea ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,chemistry ,Glycated hemoglobin ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Metformin is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal complications, and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 (BBG9-1) can improve the symptoms of diarrhea. This study aimed to clarify the effects of probiotic BBG9-1 on the gastrointestinal symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using metformin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this open-label single-arm exploratory study, 40 patients (mean age 64.0 ± 9.4 years) were given probiotic BBG9-1 for 10 weeks. Changes in the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale total score, which was the primary end-point, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale subscale scores, glycated hemoglobin levels and gut microbiota after the administration of probiotic BBG9-1 were evaluated by the Student's t-test. RESULTS The gastrointestinal symptom rating scale total score significantly improved (from 2.02 ± 0.51 to 1.59 ± 0.43, change, -0.43 ± 0.49, P
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- 2021
23. Low donor chimerism may be sufficient to prevent demyelination in adrenoleukodystrophy
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Takahiro Ikeda, Hitomi Niijima, Hitoshi Osaka, Akihiko Miyauchi, Rieko Furukawa, Nobuyuki Shimozawa, Yuta Kawahara, Akira Morimoto, and Takanori Yamagata
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very‐long‐chain fatty acids ,cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy ,Chemistry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Donor chimerism ,unrelated cord blood transplantation ,Case Report ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Case Reports ,QH426-470 ,medicine.disease ,RC648-665 ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,cerebrospinal fluid ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Genetics ,Adrenoleukodystrophy ,ATP‐binding cassette subfamily D member 1 ,ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 1 - Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder characterized by white matter degeneration caused by adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette subfamily D member 1 (ABCD1) gene mutations, which lead to an accumulation of very‐long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the most effective treatment; however, the ratio of donor‐to‐recipient cells required to prevent the progression of demyelination is unclear. The proband was diagnosed with the childhood cerebral form of ALD at 5 years of age based on the clinical phenotype, elevated plasma VLCFA levels, and pathogenic ABCD1 mutation c.293C>T (p.Ser98Leu). Soon after the diagnosis, he became bedridden. At 1 year of age, his younger brother was found to carry the same ABCD1 mutation; despite being asymptomatic, at 1 year and 9 months, head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed high‐signal‐intensity lesions in the cerebral white matter. The patient underwent unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) with a reduced conditioning regimen, which resulted in mixed chimerism. For 7 years after UCBT, the donor chimerism remained low (
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- 2021
24. Extended π-Electron Delocalization in Quinoid-Based Conjugated Polymers Boosts Intrachain Charge Carrier Transport
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Keitaro Iguchi, Masatomo Sumiya, Masahiro Hayakawa, Shuhei Yashiro, Tsubasa Mikie, Tomoyuki Koganezawa, Hiroyuki Ishii, Aiko Fukazawa, Itaru Osaka, Shigehiro Yamaguchi, and Kenta Okamoto
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Electron delocalization ,Charge carrier ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,Conjugated system ,Photochemistry - Published
- 2021
25. Phase stability of Cs-Si-O and Cs-Si-Fe-O compounds on stainless steel
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Kunihisa Nakajima, Masahiko Osaka, and Chikashi Suzuki
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Fission products ,Fukushima daiichi ,Materials science ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Phase stability ,law ,Caesium ,Nuclear power plant ,Radiochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,law.invention - Abstract
During a severe accident (SA) such as the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, fission products (FPs) can be retained on the surface of structural materials in reactors. Cesium (Cs) is a...
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- 2021
26. Contrasting Effect of Side‐Chain Placement on Photovoltaic Performance of Binary and Ternary Blend Organic Solar Cells in Benzodithiophene‐Thiazolothiazole Polymers
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Masahiko Saito, Soichiro Ogawa, and Itaru Osaka
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Fullerene ,Organic solar cell ,General Chemical Engineering ,Photovoltaic system ,Polymer ,Acceptor ,General Energy ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Side chain ,Copolymer ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Materials Science ,Ternary operation - Abstract
π-Conjugated polymers are important materials for organic photovoltaics. While search for new backbone systems is central to the development of π-conjugated polymers, side chain engineering is also imperative. Here, we synthesized two benzodithiophene-thiazolothiazole copolymers, PSTz1 and POTz1, where the side chain placement is different. Due to the less steric hindrance between the side chains, PSTz1 had a more coplanar backbone than POTz1. This led to significant differences in trend of the performance for the binary and ternary blend cells that used a fullerene (PC 71 BM) and/or a non-fullerene (ITIC) as the acceptor materials. Whereas PSTz1 showed higher photovoltaic performance in the PC 71 BM-based cell, POTz1 showed higher performance in the ITIC-based cell. Furthermore, in the ternary blend cell, whereas increase in the PC 71 BM content improved the photovoltaic performance for the PSTz1 system, it was detrimental to the performance for the POTz1 system. We believe that these results would be a good guideline for maximizing the performance of organic photovoltaics.
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- 2021
27. A new method of measuring ruthenium activity in ruthenium-containing alloys by using thermogravimetric analysis
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Shuhei Miwa, Noriko Shirasu, Masahiko Osaka, Kunihisa Nakajima, and Jiazhan Liu
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nuclear chemistry ,Ruthenium - Published
- 2021
28. A Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Inhibits Foam Cell Formation of Macrophages in Type 1 Diabetes via Suppression of CD36 and ACAT-1 Expression
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Michishige Terasaki, Hironori Yashima, Yusaku Mori, Tomomi Saito, Takanori Matsui, Munenori Hiromura, Hideki Kushima, Naoya Osaka, Makoto Ohara, Tomoyasu Fukui, Tsutomu Hirano, and Sho-ichi Yamagishi
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DPP-4 inhibitors ,macrophage foam cell formation ,CD36 ,ACAT-1 ,AGEs ,type 1 diabetes ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been reported to play a protective role against atherosclerosis in both animal models and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, since T2D is associated with dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance, part of which are ameliorated by DPP-4 inhibitors, it remains unclear whether DPP-4 inhibitors could have anti-atherosclerotic properties directly by attenuating the harmful effects of hyperglycemia. Therefore, we examined whether a DPP-4 inhibitor, teneligliptin, could suppress oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake, foam cell formation, CD36 and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) gene expression of macrophages isolated from streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) mice and T1D patients as well as advanced glycation end product (AGE)-exposed mouse peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells. Foam cell formation, CD36 and ACAT-1 gene expression of macrophages derived from T1D mice or patients increased compared with those from non-diabetic controls, all of which were inhibited by 10 nmol/L teneligliptin. AGEs mimicked the effects of T1D; teneligliptin attenuated all the deleterious effects of AGEs in mouse macrophages and THP-1 cells. Our present findings suggest that teneligliptin may inhibit foam cell formation of macrophages in T1D via suppression of CD36 and ACAT-1 gene expression partly by attenuating the harmful effects of AGEs.
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- 2020
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29. Nanofocusing Optics for an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Generating an Extreme Intensity of 100 EW/cm2 Using Total Reflection Mirrors
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Hirokatsu Yumoto, Yuichi Inubushi, Taito Osaka, Ichiro Inoue, Takahisa Koyama, Kensuke Tono, Makina Yabashi, and Haruhiko Ohashi
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hard X-ray nano-focusing ,high intensity XFEL beam ,reflection mirror optics ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
A nanofocusing optical system—referred to as 100 exa—for an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) was developed to generate an extremely high intensity of 100 EW/cm2 (1020 W/cm2) using total reflection mirrors. The system is based on Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry, with 250-mm-long elliptically figured mirrors optimized for the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free-Electron Laser (SACLA) XFEL facility. The nano-precision surface employed is coated with rhodium and offers a high reflectivity of 80%, with a photon energy of up to 12 keV, under total reflection conditions. Incident X-rays on the optics are reflected with a large spatial acceptance of over 900 μm. The focused beam is 210 nm × 120 nm (full width at half maximum) and was evaluated at a photon energy of 10 keV. The optics developed for 100 exa efficiently achieved an intensity of 1 × 1020 W/cm2 with a pulse duration of 7 fs and a pulse energy of 150 μJ (25% of the pulse energy generated at the light source). The experimental chamber, which can provide different stage arrangements and sample conditions, including vacuum environments and atmospheric-pressure helium, was set up with the focusing optics to meet the experimental requirements.
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- 2020
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30. Development of an Experimental Platform for Combinative Use of an XFEL and a High-Power Nanosecond Laser
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Yuichi Inubushi, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Tadashi Togashi, Keiichi Sueda, Kohei Miyanishi, Yoshinori Tange, Norimasa Ozaki, Takeshi Matsuoka, Ryosuke Kodama, Taito Osaka, Satoshi Matsuyama, Kazuto Yamauchi, Hirokatsu Yumoto, Takahisa Koyama, Haruhiko Ohashi, Kensuke Tono, and Makina Yabashi
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xfel ,high-pressure science ,laser shock ,x-ray diffraction ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We developed an experimental platform for combinative use of an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and a high-power nanosecond laser. The main target of the platform is an investigation of matter under high-pressure states produced by a laser-shock compression. In this paper, we show details of the experimental platform, including XFEL parameters and the focusing optics, the laser irradiation system and X-ray diagnostics. As a demonstration of the high-power laser-pump XFEL-probe experiment, we performed an X-ray diffraction measurement. An in-situ single-shot X-ray diffraction pattern expands to a large angle side, which shows a corundum was compressed by laser irradiation.
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- 2020
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31. Measurement of Reverse Triiodothyronine Level and the Triiodothyronine to Reverse Triiodothyronine Ratio in Dried Blood Spot Samples at Birth May Facilitate Early Detection of Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Deficiency
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Khemraj Hirani, Kyoko Takano, Akihisa Okumura, Masahiro Kikuchi, Yasumasa Yamada, Yasuko Fujisawa, Roy E. Weiss, Hiroki Kakita, Hideyuki Iwayama, Shinsuke Adachi, Hitoshi Osaka, Masumi Iwasa, and Samuel Refetoff
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Male ,Triiodothyronine, Reverse ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Original Studies ,Cell membrane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Neurodevelopmental disorder ,Thyroid hormone transport ,Monocarboxylate transporter ,Triiodothyronine ,Symporters ,biology ,Chemistry ,dried blood spot ,MCT8 deficiency ,Dried blood spot ,Muscular Atrophy ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Muscle Hypotonia ,Female ,Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,03 medical and health sciences ,Neonatal Screening ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,LC-MS/MS ,Retrospective Studies ,Newborn screening ,newborn screening ,Infant, Newborn ,medicine.disease ,Reverse triiodothyronine ,Early Diagnosis ,Mutation ,Mental Retardation, X-Linked ,biology.protein ,Dried Blood Spot Testing ,reverse T3 ,Biomarkers ,Thyroid Dysfunction: Hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, and Thyroid Function Tests - Abstract
Background: Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) deficiency is an X-chromosome-linked neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from impaired thyroid hormone transport across the cell membrane. The diagnosis of MCT8 deficiency is typically delayed owing to the late appearance of signs and symptoms as well as the inability of standard biomarkers of neonatal screening to provide early detection. In this study, we report, for the first time, the ability to detect MCT8 deficiency at birth using dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Methods: We retrospectively measured triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and reverse T3 (rT3) levels in DBS samples obtained at 4–5 days of life from 6 infants with genetically confirmed MCT8 deficiency and from 110 controls. The latter consisted of 58 healthy term neonates obtained at the same time, 16 were stored for more than 1 year before measurement to match samples from the MCT8-deficient infants. Ten DBS samples were collected at day 1 of life and 42 samples were from prematurely born neonates. Measurements were carried out in extract from eight millimeters diameter DBS using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Contrary to characteristic iodothyronine abnormalities of MCT8 deficiency during later life, T3 and T4 values were not discriminatory from those of other study groups. In contrast, rT3 was significantly lower. The T3/rT3 ratio was higher in the DBS samples from the MCT8-deficient infants compared with all other groups with no overlap (p
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- 2021
32. Effect of Ester Side Chains on Photovoltaic Performance in Thiophene-Thiazolothiazole Copolymers
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Kodai Yamanaka, Itaru Osaka, Masahiko Saito, and Tsubasa Mikie
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Organic solar cell ,Photovoltaic system ,Thiophene ,Side chain ,Copolymer ,General Chemistry ,Polymer - Abstract
Thiazolothiazole-based π-conjugated polymers are promising semiconducting materials in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). In this study, we report on a series of thiophene-thiazolothiazole based polymer...
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- 2021
33. Naphthobisthiadiazole‐Based Semiconducting Polymers for High‐Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics
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Itaru Osaka and Kazuo Takimiya
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Organic solar cell ,chemistry ,Nanotechnology ,Polymer - Published
- 2021
34. Analysis of the sol and gel structures of potato starch over a wide spatial scale
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Akane Nagasaki, Go Matsuba, Noboru Ohta, Yuka Ikemoto, Taro Moriwaki, and Keiichi Osaka
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potato starch ,Materials science ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Starch ,Scattering ,FT‐IR ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Amylopectin ,Microscopy ,TX341-641 ,amylopectin ,X‐ray scattering ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Spectroscopy ,Potato starch ,Original Research ,Food Science - Abstract
We analyzed edible potato starch and observed the interaction between its granular structure and water molecules. We studied the changes caused by gelatinization during heating and stirring using microscopy, micro‐FT‐IR spectroscopy, and X‐ray scattering techniques. A wide range of spatial scales was revealed using these various techniques. The rate of gelatinization varied significantly and was dependent on the starch concentration. The process of adsorption of water on starch molecules was studied using the humidity‐controlled FT‐IR spectroscopy technique. Furthermore, by comparing the X‐ray scattering profiles of dry and wet granules, the 9‐nm repeat “cluster” structure was studied. A gradual collapse of the granules occurred during the processes of heating and stirring. A clustered smectic structure and a smectic‐like structure were observed in the opaque gel after gelatinization. Upon further heating, a transparent gel was obtained after the melting of the cluster., We analyzed edible potato starch and observed the interaction between its granular structure and water molecules. A wide range of spatial scales was revealed using various techniques such as X‐ray scattering and FT‐IR measurements. We could succeed gelatinization and gelation process with a wide spatial scale.
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- 2021
35. Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis on Small Samples Using a Near-conventional EA-IRMS System
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Ayano Medo, Kazuho Funakawa, Naoko Matsuo, Fujio Hyodo, Ken'ichi Osaka, Chikage Yoshimizu, Riyo Hirasawa, Keisuke Koba, Yugo Seko, Keitaro Fukushima, Yuji Onishi, Nanako O. Ogawa, and Kei Kinoshita
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Radiation ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Carbon ,Isotopes of nitrogen - Published
- 2021
36. Molecular Understanding of How the Interfacial Structure Impacts the Open-Circuit Voltage of Highly Crystalline Polymer Solar Cells
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Masahiko Saito, Itaru Osaka, Takuto Hidani, Yasunari Tamai, Hideo Ohkita, Koshi Yamazaki, and Tomohiro Fukuhara
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Photocurrent ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Organic solar cell ,Open-circuit voltage ,crystalline polymer ,Polymer ,Branching (polymer chemistry) ,charge transfer states ,Polymer solar cell ,open-circuit voltage ,chemistry ,Chemical physics ,interfacial electronic structure ,Side chain ,General Materials Science ,organic photovoltaics ,HOMO/LUMO - Abstract
Herein, we study the origin of differences in open-circuit voltage (VOC) for polymer:fullerene solar cells employing highly crystalline conjugated polymers (PTzBT) based on the same thiophene–thiazolothiazole backbone with different side chains. By analyzing the temperature dependence of VOC and cyclic voltammogram, we find that the difference in VOC originates in the different cascaded energy structures for the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels in the interfacial mixed phase. Furthermore, we find that this is due to the stabilization of HOMO caused by the different branching of side chains on the basis of density functional theory calculation. Finally, we discuss the molecular design strategy based on side-chain engineering for ideal interfacial cascaded energy structures leading to higher VOC and photocurrent simultaneously.
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- 2021
37. Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of Niemann–Pick Disease Type C1
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Yuki Takayanagi, Yoshie Kurokawa, Eriko F. Jimbo, Hitoshi Osaka, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Kazuhiro Muramatsu, Sachie Nakamura, Tatsushi Onaka, Takeshi Kouga, and Takanori Yamagata
- Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Genetic enhancement ,Npc1 gene ,Disease ,Niemann–Pick disease type C1 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Purkinje Cells ,0302 clinical medicine ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Genetics ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Niemann-pick disease type ,Research Articles ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,intracisternal injection ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C ,Genetic Therapy ,gene therapy ,nervous system diseases ,AAV vector ,Disease Models, Animal ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunology ,Molecular Medicine ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,NPC1 ,business - Abstract
Niemann–Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal congenital neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene, which is involved in cholesterol transport in lysosomes. Broad clinical manifestations of NPC1 include liver failure, pulmonary disorder, neurological deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. The main cause of death in NPC1 patients involves central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction; there is no essential treatment. We generated a tyrosine-mutant adeno-associated virus (AAV) 9/3 vector that expresses human NPC1 under a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (AAV-CMV-hNPC1) and injected it into the left lateral ventricle (5 μL) and cisterna magna (10 μL) of Npc1 homo-knockout (Npc1−/−) mice. Each mouse received total 1.35 × 1011 vector genome on days 4 or 5 of life. AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice (n = 11) had an average survival of >28 weeks, while all saline-treated Npc1−/− mice (n = 11) and untreated Npc1−/− mice (n = 6) died within 16 weeks. Saline-treated and untreated Npc1−/− mice lost body weight from 7 weeks until death. However, the average body weight of AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice increased until 15 weeks. AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice also showed a significant improvement in the rotarod test performance. A pathological analysis at 11 weeks showed that cerebellar Purkinje cells were preserved in AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice. In contrast, untreated Npc1−/− mice showed an almost total loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells. Combined injection into both the lateral ventricle and cisterna magna achieved broader delivery of the vector to the CNS, leading to better outcomes than noted in previous reports, with injection into the lateral ventricles or veins alone. In AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice, vector genome DNA was detected widely in the CNS and liver. Human NPC1 RNA was detected in the brain, liver, lung, and heart. Accumulated unesterified cholesterol in the liver was reduced in the AAV-treated Npc1−/− mice. Our results suggest the feasibility of gene therapy for patients with NPC1.
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- 2021
38. Performance of Direct Formate Fuel Cell Using Non-Precious Metal Cathode Catalyst
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Akio Kodama, Yugo Osaka, Takuya Tsujiguchi, and Fahimah Abd Lah Halim
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials science ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Non precious metal ,Fuel cells ,Formate ,General Chemistry ,Cathode catalyst - Published
- 2021
39. Potassium-regulated Immobilization of Cortisol Aptamer for Field-effect Transistor Biosensor to Detect Changes in Charge Distribution with Aptamer Transformation
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Keishi Ohashi, Toshiyuki Momma, Katsunori Horii, Shigeki Kuroiwa, Ryo Toyama, Tetsuya Osaka, Kaneko Naoto, and Hiroki Hayashi
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Chemistry ,Aptamer ,Potassium ,Transistor ,Charge density ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,equipment and supplies ,law.invention ,Transformation (genetics) ,law ,Biophysics ,Field-effect transistor ,Biosensor ,Salivary cortisol - Abstract
Salivary cortisol concentration and its circadian variation were detected by optimizing the ionic concentration of a solution during the immobilization of aptamers on a field-effect transistor bios...
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- 2021
40. High density lipoprotein cholesterol / C reactive protein ratio in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
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Masamichi Yano, Masami Nishino, Kohei Ukita, Akito Kawamura, Hitoshi Nakamura, Yutaka Matsuhiro, Koji Yasumoto, Masaki Tsuda, Naotaka Okamoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Yasuharu Matsunaga‐Lee, Yasuyuki Egami, Ryu Shutta, Jun Tanouchi, Takahisa Yamada, Yoshio Yasumura, Shunsuke Tamaki, Takaharu Hayashi, Akito Nakagawa, Yusuke Nakagawa, Shinichiro Suna, Daisaku Nakatani, Shungo Hikoso, Yasushi Sakata, and Osaka CardioVascular Conference (OCVC)‐Heart Failure Investigators
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Cardiac function curve ,medicine.medical_specialty ,High density lipoprotein cholesterol/C reactive protein ratio ,Left ventricular diastolic function ,Acute decompensated heart failure ,Right ventricular systolic function ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Ventricular Function, Left ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,High-density lipoprotein ,Original Research Articles ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Original Research Article ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Heart Failure ,Inflammation ,Ejection fraction ,biology ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,C-reactive protein ,Stroke Volume ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,C-Reactive Protein ,Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction ,chemistry ,RC666-701 ,Heart failure ,biology.protein ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Aims The impacts of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) as an anti‐inflammatory and C reactive protein (CRP) as inflammatory properties on the pathogenesis of heart failure were reported. At present, the clinical significance of the HDL‐C/CRP ratio in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients remains unknown. Methods and results We examined the data on 796 consecutive HFpEF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%) patients hospitalized due to acute decompensated heart failure from the PURSUIT‐HFpEF registry, a prospective, multicentre observational study. We calculated the HDL/CRP ratios and evaluated the relationship between the values and clinical outcomes, including degree of cardiac function. The mean follow‐up duration was 420 ± 346 days. All‐cause death occurred in 118 patients, of which 51 were cardiac deaths. HDL/CRP ≤ 4.05 was independently and significantly associated with all‐cause death (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.06–3.20, P = 0.023), and HDL/CRP ≤ 3.14 was associated with cardiac death by multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis (odds ratio = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.36–6.01, P = 0.003). HDL‐C/CRP ratio significantly correlated with the product of the left atrial volume and left ventricular mass index as well as the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion by multiple regression analysis (standardized beta‐coefficient = −0.085, P = 0.034 and standardized beta‐coefficient = 0.081, P = 0.044, respectively). Conclusions HDL‐C/CRP ratio was a useful marker for predicting all‐cause death and cardiac death and correlated with left ventricular diastolic function and right ventricular systolic function in HFpEF patients.
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- 2021
41. Two Types of PPARγ Ligands Identified in the Extract of Artemisia campestris
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Masaya Nagao, Hiroko Isoda, Katsutoshi Nishino, Mayo Osaka, Tokio Hasegawa, Yusaku Miyamae, Mohamed Neffati, Kiyokazu Kawada, and Kazuhiro Irie
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Eupatilin ,Artemisia campestris ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chimera (genetics) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,docking simulation ,Pparγ ligand ,medicine ,QD1-999 ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Reporter gene ,Ethanol ,biology ,Chemistry ,lipid accumulation ,Antagonist ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,ligand binding pocket ,Docking (molecular) ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,PPARγ ligand ,cooperative activation ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The 70% ethanol extract of Artemisia campestris was screened to find PPARγ ligands using the PPARγ ligand-responsive chimera luciferase reporter system. Capillartemisin B was identified as a PPARγ ligand that stimulated lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. By further purification of PPARγ ligands from a large-scale preparation of the methanol extract of Artemisia campestris, we isolated and identified eupatilin and santaflavone as PPARγ ligands. Weak PPARγ ligand activity of eupatilin or santaflavone in reporter assay was enhanced by a PPARγ antagonist, GW9662, suggesting that santaflavone or eupatilin and GW9662 bound simultaneously to the multiple sub-pockets of the PPARγ ligand-binding domain (LBD) and cooperatively activated PPARγ. Docking simulation suggested that eupatilin binds to the Ω-pocket but not to the AF-2 pocket of Y-shaped PPARγ LBD where artepillin C that differs from capillartemisin B at the C-5′ position without hydroxy group binds. Eupatilin or santaflavone with or without GW9662 did not stimulate lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that binding of each compound alone or with GW9662 to the Ω-pocket which stimulated the PPARγ-responsive reporter expression was not enough to stimulate lipid accumulation. The PPARγ ligands found in this study have a potential to design the fragment-based drug design of a novel PPARγ ligand that cover the Y-shaped PPARγ LBD.
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- 2021
42. Complement C5a‐triggered differentiated HL‐60 stimulates migration of THP‐1 monocytic leukocytes via secretion of CCL2
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Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan, Masayuki Yoshida, Michiyo Deushi, and Mizuko Osaka
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0301 basic medicine ,C5a ,neutrophil‐like dHL‐60 ,Endothelium ,QH301-705.5 ,Neutrophils ,THP-1 Cells ,Complement C5a ,HL-60 Cells ,NF‐κB p65 ,CCL2 ,Monocytes ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,monocytic leukocyte THP‐1 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Movement ,Leukocytes ,medicine ,Humans ,Secretion ,THP1 cell line ,Biology (General) ,chemotaxis ,Cells, Cultured ,Chemokine CCL2 ,Research Articles ,Chemistry ,Interleukin-8 ,Cell Differentiation ,hemic and immune systems ,Chemotaxis ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Phosphorylation ,Research Article ,Chemotaxis assay - Abstract
Leukocytes play an important role in vascular inflammation prior to atherosclerosis. In particular, monocyte adhesion and migration to the endothelium contribute to the development of vascular inflammation. Previously, we showed the importance of neutrophils and complement C5a in the early phase of vascular inflammation in mice fed a high‐fat diet. However, the relationship between monocytes and neutrophils is not well understood. In this study, we elucidated the involvement of neutrophils in the migration of monocytes. We observed that C5a induces CCL2 expression in neutrophil‐like dHL‐60 cells. To investigate the physiological significance of CCL2 secretion, we performed a chemotaxis assay. Interestingly, dHL‐60 culture supernatant in the presence of C5a enhanced the migration of THP‐1 in comparison with the absence of C5a. Furthermore, CCL2 expression and secretion significantly increased in C5a‐stimulated dHL‐60 through the phosphorylation of NF‐κB p65. Actin polymerization on THP‐1 was enhanced by the presence of C5a compared with the absence of C5a when stimulated by a dHL‐60‐cultured medium. These results suggest that crosstalk between neutrophils and monocytes via CCL2 may play an important role in vascular inflammation., In this study, we found that neutrophil‐like dHL‐60 stimulated with C5a induces the migration of monocytic THP‐1 through phosphorylation of p65 NF‐κB and that dHL‐60‐derived CCL2 plays an important role in the crosstalk between these cells. These results suggest that there may be a transition process from acute to chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic vascular inflammation.
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- 2021
43. All-Polymer Solar Cell with High Near-Infrared Response Based on a Naphthodithiophene Diimide (NDTI) Copolymer
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Seiichiro Izawa, Masahiro Nakano, Junzi Cong, Erjun Zhou, Itaru Osaka, Keisuke Tajima, and Kazuo Takimiya
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Electron donor ,Polymer ,Electron acceptor ,Photochemistry ,Polymer solar cell ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Diimide ,Materials Chemistry ,Copolymer ,Quantum efficiency - Abstract
Polymer-blend solar cells (all-PSCs) based on a copolymer of naphthodithiophene diimide and bithiophene (PNDTI-BT-DT) as a near-infrared absorber as well as an electron acceptor were fabricated in combination with PTB7 as an electron donor. Notably, the external quantum efficiency spectra of the all-PSCs demonstrated photoresponse up to 900 nm with the efficiency of 25% at 800 nm, which is much higher than that for the previously reported all-PSCs. Power conversion efficiency as high as 2.59% was achieved under the irradiation of simulated solar light (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2). Both PNDTI-BT-DT and PTB7 formed a crystalline structure in the blend films similar to in the pristine films, leading to the efficient charge generation contributed from both polymers.
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- 2022
44. Bithiazole Dicarboxylate Ester: An Easily Accessible Electron-Deficient Building Unit for π-Conjugated Polymers Enabling Electron Transport
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Kimihiro Komeyama, Yoshikazu Teshima, Itaru Osaka, Tsubasa Mikie, and Masahiko Saito
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Conjugated system ,Electron deficiency ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Copolymer ,Thiophene ,Thin film ,0210 nano-technology ,Thiazole ,HOMO/LUMO - Abstract
Thiazole has been less focused, compared to thiophene, as the building unit for π-conjugated polymers that are used in organic electronic devices despite its electron deficiency and ability to coplanarize the polymer backbone, which are crucial for design of such π-conjugated polymers. Here, we show that bithiazole dicarboxylate ester (BETz), which is quite easily synthesized, is a promising building unit for π-conjugated polymers. Copolymers based on BETz, having unsubstituted bithiophene and bithiazole as counits, indeed form highly crystalline structures in thin films, which is beneficial for semiconducting properties. Of particular interest is that the BETz-based polymers are found to show electron-transport property even though the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are not very low, as they show ambipolar and unipolar n-channel behaviors depending on the counit in organic transistor devices. We believe that BETz allows us to design a wide variety of π-conjugated polymers that provide fascinating functions in organic electronic devices.
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- 2021
45. Donor–Acceptor Polymers Containing 4,8-Dithienylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene via Highly Selective Direct Arylation Polymerization
- Author
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Naohiro Torii, Fumiyuki Ozawa, Itaru Osaka, Masayuki Wakioka, and Masahiko Saito
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inorganic chemicals ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Polymers and Plastics ,chemistry ,Organic solar cell ,Polymerization ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Organic Chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Polymer ,Highly selective ,Branching (polymer chemistry) ,Donor acceptor - Abstract
While palladium-catalyzed direct arylation polymerization (DArP) is an easy and safe method to synthesize semiconducting polymers with alternating donor–acceptor units (DA polymers), branching and ...
- Published
- 2021
46. Atomically Architected Silicon Pyramid Single-Crystalline Structure Supporting Epitaxial Material Growth and Characteristic Magnetism
- Author
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Ken Hattori, Aydar Irmikimov, Liliany Noviyanty Pamasi, Shunta Takahashi, Xiaoqian Shi, Emilia E. Hashamova, Ai I. Osaka, Nobuyoshi Hosoito, Hidekazu Tanaka, Fangzhun Guo, Takaaki Higashi, and Azusa N. Hattori
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Epitaxial material ,Materials science ,Silicon ,010405 organic chemistry ,Magnetism ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Crystal structure ,010402 general chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Engineering physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Pyramid ,General Materials Science - Abstract
The control of three-dimensional (3D) geometrical shapes is one of important approaches that contribute the development of new functionalities in material science. We produced 3D Si pyramids with a...
- Published
- 2021
47. A Comparative Prospective Observational Study on the Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants after Cardiac Surgery for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation
- Author
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Yoshiki Kitazumi, Keita Kamata, Shunji Osaka, Keito Suzuki, Masashi Tanaka, Akira Sezai, and Makoto Taoka
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Male ,Time Factors ,Pyridines ,Management of atrial fibrillation ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rivaroxaban ,Risk Factors ,non-valvular atrial fibrillation ,Edoxaban ,Atrial Fibrillation ,Prospective Studies ,Stroke ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Gastroenterology ,Atrial fibrillation ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Female ,Original Article ,Apixaban ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,cardiac surgery ,Partial thromboplastin time ,medicine.drug ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pyridones ,DOAC ,Hemorrhage ,Drug Administration Schedule ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Aged ,Prothrombin time ,anticoagulation therapy ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Thiazoles ,030228 respiratory system ,chemistry ,Pyrazoles ,Surgery ,business ,Factor Xa Inhibitors - Abstract
Purpose Recently, guidelines recommended the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for the management of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common post-surgical complication of cardiac surgery, but the efficacy and safety of DOAC for POAF have rarely been investigated. We conducted a prospective observational study to investigate the efficacy and safety of DOAC administered immediately after POAF. Materials and methods In all, 135 patients that experienced POAF after cardiac surgery were treated with a DOAC. Primary endpoints were either bleeding or thromboembolic events. Secondary endpoints included changes in hemoglobin (Hb), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), serum creatinine (sCr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and pleural/pericardial effusion. Results Patients were treated with apixaban (n = 31), edoxaban (n = 87), and rivaroxaban (n = 17). Major bleeding (p = 0.011) and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (p = 0.047) were significantly more frequent in the rivaroxaban group. Stroke was observed in one rivaroxaban group patient and none in the other two groups. Conclusion DOAC as anticoagulation therapy for the early intervention of POAF following cardiac surgery is associated with a low incidence of major bleeding; a favorable safety profile and excellent efficacy were demonstrated for DOAC. Furthermore, our results indicate that the safety and efficacy of apixaban and edoxaban are better than rivaroxaban.
- Published
- 2021
48. AlCl3-graphite intercalation compounds as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion capacitors
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Seongki Ahn, Hiroki Nara, Wataru Sugimoto, Toshiyuki Momma, Yamato Haniu, and Tetsuya Osaka
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Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Intercalation (chemistry) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,law.invention ,Ion ,Anode ,Capacitor ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Electrode ,General Materials Science ,Lithium ,Graphite - Abstract
Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are energy storage devices that bridge the gap between electric double-layer capacitors and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A typical LIC cell is composed of a capacitor-type positive electrode and a battery-type negative electrode. The most common negative electrode material, graphite, suffers from low rate capability and cyclability due to the sluggish kinetics of the Li+ intercalation/de-intercalation process. In this work, metal chloride-pillared graphite, which has recently attracted attention as high-rate LIB anodes, is applied as the negative electrode for LICs for the first time to overcome this drawback. It is shown that AlCl3-graphite intercalation compounds (AlCl3-GICs) with a wide interlayer spacing benefits faster Li+ diffusion. The low molecular weight and conversion reaction of the AlCl3 pillar further enhances the specific capacity per mass. An optimized LIC cell comprised of a AlCl3-GIC negative electrode and activated carbon as the positive electrode exhibited higher energy and power densities compared to LICs using graphite as the negative electrode, and displayed stable cycling performance with 85% capacity retention after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles. The AlCl3-GICs synthesized in this work displayed improved electrochemical performances and have the potential to replace the graphite electrode in conventional LICs.
- Published
- 2021
49. Effects of Curcumin Combined With the 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Dutasteride on LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells
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Yan Lu, Kazutaka Saito, Hisamitsu Ide, Gaku Arai, Akiyoshi Osaka, Hiroshi Okada, Shigeo Horie, Kazunori Fukuda, Ayano Takei, and Akinori Nakayama
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Male ,Cancer Research ,Curcumin ,medicine.drug_class ,urologic and male genital diseases ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor ,Prostate cancer ,5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Cell Line, Tumor ,LNCaP ,medicine ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Pharmacology ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Dihydrotestosterone ,Dutasteride ,medicine.disease ,Androgen ,chemistry ,Azasteroids ,Cancer research ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Research Article ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background/aim Curcumin is a natural compound of turmeric, which inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation. This study examined whether treatment of LNCaP prostate cancer cells with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, affect proliferation and the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Materials and methods LNCaP Cells were incubated with curcumin or the combination of curcumin and dutasteride and cell proliferation was measured at 72 h. LC-MS/MS was used to determine testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in prostate cancer cells. Results Curcumin combined with dutasteride suppressed proliferation and affected apoptosis of LNCaP cells. The combination of curcumin and dutasteride also reduced the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in LNCaP cells. The secretion of prostate-specific antigen was inhibited by the combination treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Treatment with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride may interfere with the intra-tumoral androgen activity.
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- 2021
50. Effects of ruminal administration of soy sauce oil on functional fatty acids in the rumen, blood and milk of dairy cows
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Yoshiaki Obara, Kenji Sera, Ikuo Osaka, Takenori Orihashi, Kiyotaka Sakai, Yasuo Kobayashi, Masanobu Takahashi, and Daiji Konno
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Physiology ,Linoleic acid ,Article ,Ruminant Nutrition and Forage Utilization ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Rumen ,Milk yield ,Genetics ,Dry matter ,Food science ,rumenl soy sauce oil ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,milk ,General Veterinary ,dairy cow ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Fatty acid ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040201 dairy & animal science ,chemistry ,Total volatile ,QL1-991 ,Milk fat ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Composition (visual arts) ,fatty acid ,Zoology ,Food Science - Abstract
Objective: Soy sauce oil, a byproduct of whole soybean processing by the soy sauce industry, was evaluated as a source of linoleic acid for dairy cows for the purpose of manipulating the composition of milk.Methods: Eight dairy Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used for ruminal administration of soy sauce oil for a 28-day period using a 4×4 Latin square study design with 4 doses (0, 200, 400, and 600 g soy sauce oil/d).Results: Although dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by soy sauce oil administration, ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and acetate were decreased, specifically at 600 g/d administration. While milk fat percentage was decreased with administration of soy sauce oil, proportions of linoleic, vaccenic and conjugated linoleic acids in the rumen, blood and milk were increased with increasing soy sauce oil dose.Conclusion: These results suggest that soy sauce oil feeding could be useful for improving milk functionality without adverse effects on animal production performance when fed at less than 400 g/d.
- Published
- 2021
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