183 results on '"High phosphorus"'
Search Results
2. Historic nucleic acids isolated by Friedrich Miescher contain RNA besides DNA
- Author
-
Benyamin Yazdan Panah, Ralf Dahm, Günther Jung, Andreas Thess, and Ingmar Hoerr
- Subjects
Cell Nucleus ,Large molecular weight ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Biochemistry ,High phosphorus ,RNA ,Uracil ,DNA ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Molecular genetics ,Nucleic acid ,medicine ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
One hundred fifty years ago, Friedrich Miescher discovered DNA when he isolated “Nuclein”—as he named it—from nuclei of human pus cells. Miescher recognized his isolate as a new type of molecule equal in importance to proteins. He realised that it is an acid of large molecular weight and high phosphorus content. Subsequently, he discovered Nuclein also in the nuclei of other cell types, realised that it chemically defines the nucleus, and speculated on its role in proliferation, heredity and fertilisation. While now universally recognised as the discoverer of DNA, whether Miescher also discovered RNA has not yet been addressed. To determine whether his isolation also yielded RNA, we first reproduced his historic protocols. Our resulting modern Nuclein contained a significant percentage of RNA. Encouraged by this result, we then analysed a sample of Nuclein isolated by Miescher from salmon sperm. Assuming that the RNA present in this sample had degraded to nucleobases, we tested for the presence of uracil in the historic Nuclein. Detection of significant levels of uracil by LC-UV-MS demonstrates that Miescher isolated both forms of nucleic acid—DNA and RNA—and underlines the fundamental nature of his discovery for the field of molecular genetics.
- Published
- 2021
3. Friction Stir Welding of High Phosphorus Weathering Steel —Weldabilities, Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties
- Author
-
Tomoya Nagira, Hidetoshi Fujii, Takumi Kawakubo, and Kohsaku Ushioda
- Subjects
Microstructural evolution ,Mechanical property ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Stress–strain curve ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Weathering steel ,engineering.material ,Microstructure ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Friction stir welding - Published
- 2021
4. Gasification Behavior of Phosphorus during Pre-reduction Sintering of Medium-high Phosphorus Iron Ore
- Author
-
Haibin Zuo and Yanbiao Chen
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sintering ,engineering.material ,Reduction (complexity) ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering - Published
- 2021
5. Simultaneous friction and wear reduction of Ni-P/PTFE composites under dry sliding condition
- Author
-
Yang Yulin, Song Laizhou, Liang Lifen, and Fei Li
- Subjects
Polytetrafluoroethylene ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,High phosphorus ,Tribology ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Crystallinity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reciprocating motion ,General Energy ,Electroless plating ,chemistry ,Ptfe composite ,Composite material ,Tribometer - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the tribology behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) incorporated with three types of nickel–phosphorus (Ni-P) particles (i.e. low phosphorus [LP], medium phosphorus [MP] and high phosphorus [HP]) under dry sliding condition. Design/methodology/approach Ni-HP, Ni-MP and Ni-LP particles fabricated via an electroless plating process were incorporated into PTFE matrix with different additions to prepare Ni-P/PTFE composites (Ni-LP/PTFE, Ni-MP/PTFE and Ni-HP/PTFE). The tribology tests for these samples were carried out on a reciprocating ball-on-disc tribometer. The thermal stabilities, mechanical and tribological properties, morphologies and components of aforesaid Ni-P/PTFE composites were analyzed. Findings The marvelous effect of Ni-P incorporation on the simultaneous reduction in friction and wear of PTFE was corroborated. Originality/value Compared with that of pristine PTFE sample, the reduction on friction with a value of 27% and the reduction in wear about 94% for Ni-HP/PTFE composite is validated, which is probably related to the increased crystallinity and hardness due to the presence of Ni-P particles.
- Published
- 2021
6. Analisis Ketersediaan Kadmium di Tanah dan Beras Yang Berasal dari Desa Detusoko Barat
- Author
-
Josina Irene Brigetha Hutubessy, Iswawan Redu, and Charly Mutiara
- Subjects
Cadmium ,Soil test ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Survey research ,Frequent use ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Horticulture ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,chemistry ,Soil pH ,Environmental science ,Paddy field ,Inorganic phosphorus - Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that is widely found in agricultural land because of the frequent use of inorganic phosphorus fertilizers. The use of high phosphorus inorganic fertilizers is also used by farmers who cultivate rice in Detusoko Barat Village. Therefore, research has been carried out with the aim of knowing the cadmium content in paddy soil and rice and its comparison with the minimum limit of cadmium in rice and soil. This research is survey research, in which the determination of soil and rice samples using a purposive sampling method. From this method, the soil samples taken are rice fields cultivating Palembang, Bengawan and Kental rice varieties. And the rice samples taken were rice from the three varieties. The variables observed were cadmium from the soil and rice and soil pH. The results showed that the cadmium content in Palembang rice soil was 0.015 ppm, Bengawan 0.006 ppm, and thick 0.001 ppm, while the results of the research on cadmium content in Palembang rice were 0.007 ppm, Bengawan rice was 0.008 ppm, and thick rice was 0.006 ppm. Where the cadmium content in rice is still below the minimum limit that has been set.
- Published
- 2020
7. Facile Fabrication of Calcium-Doped Carbon for Efficient Phosphorus Adsorption
- Author
-
Jishi Zhang, Yashan Zhang, Wenqian Zhao, Lihua Zang, and Zhenmin Li
- Subjects
Fabrication ,General Chemical Engineering ,Doped carbon ,Natural water ,Agricultural pollution ,Phosphorus adsorption ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Calcium ,Article ,Chemistry ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Eutrophication ,QD1-999 - Abstract
High phosphorus concentrations mainly result in environmental problems such as agricultural pollution and eutrophication, which have great negative influence on many natural water bodies. In this work, calcium lignosulfonate was employed to produce calcium-doped char at 400 and 800 °C. To compare the phosphorus adsorption behaviors of the two carbon materials, batch adsorption experiments were conducted in a phosphorus microenvironment. The factors including the initial solution pH, phosphorus concentration, and adsorbent amount were considered, and the main characteristics of calcium-doped chars before and after adsorption were assessed. The results revealed that the phosphorus removal processes fitted both the Freundlich and pseudo-second-order-kinetic models. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacities of the two adsorbents obtained at 400 and 800 °C toward phosphorus (50 °C) were 53.22 and 17.77 mg/g adsorbent, respectively. The former was rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and it mainly served as a precipitant and a chelating agent, while the latter with a high surface area was dominant in P adsorption.
- Published
- 2020
8. Substitution of sesame seeds and sesame seed flour for making calcium source high phosphorus milky pie for pregnant women
- Author
-
Ulfah Nurida Rahmah and Mira Sofyaningsih
- Subjects
chemistry ,Substitution (logic) ,General Engineering ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Food science ,Calcium ,Sesame seed - Abstract
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is one indicator of community welfare in a country. One of the direct causes of maternal death is hypertension by 27.1%, with risk factors, including the imbalance of calcium. Calcium and phosphorus have a synergistic relationship. One of the food ingredients that contain calcium and phosphorus is sesame seeds, and the product was milky pie. The purpose of this study was to formulate sesame seeds and sesame seed flour to produce milky pie, a source of calcium and high phosphorus that is favored by panelists. Milky pie can be said to be a source of calcium and high phosphorus if it reaches an ALG of 195 mg of calcium and 210 mg of phosphorus. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment in this study was substituting wheat flour with the addition of 3 levels of sesame seeds flour (10%, 15%, and 20%), and substitution of sesame seeds by 1 level (20%). Data obtained from organoleptic tests will be analyzed statistically with ANOVA and followed by Duncan's Multiple Test with a significance level of 95%. The results showed that the addition of sesame seeds and sesame seed flour influenced the quality and level of overall panelist preference, but not at the preferred level of the taste of milky pie. The selected product is formula 3 with the substitution of wheat flour : sesame seed flour : sesame seeds equal to 60% : 20% : 20%. The serving of milky pie is and 90 g and has an energy content of 170 kcal, calcium 99 mg, and phosphorus 90 mg.
- Published
- 2020
9. Phosphorus (P) improves industrial tomato quality and yield in soil with high phosphorus content
- Author
-
Sergio Manuel Rugeles Reyes, Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho, Bruno Trevizaneli, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Predilecta Industry, and National University of Colombia
- Subjects
Commercial fruits ,Yield (engineering) ,Solanum lycopersicum ,Soluble solids ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Phosphorus ,Phosphate fertilization ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Agribusiness ,Plant Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:29:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-01 Soils under intensive and successive cropping with central pivot irrigation tend to present high nutrient contents, especially phosphorus (P), which is a nutrient with a great impact on the yield and quality of agricultural products. Among the rotating crops, the application of high P rates is common in processing tomato, although not supported by research. This work evaluates the effect of phosphate fertilization (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 kg ha-1 P2O5) on the yield and quality of industrial tomato 'Heinz 9553' grown in a soil with high available P content (145 mg dm-3) resulting of an intensive vegetables cultivation, which have high demand by P. The highest total (127.4 t ha-1) and commercial (108.6 t ha-1) yields were obtained with 413.9 and 384 kg ha-1 P2O5, respectively. The results showed that pH of tomato juice, the percentages of green, red, and commercial fruits were not influenced by the applied P rates. However, nutrient delivery increased the soluble solids content up to 356 kg ha-1 P2O5, which is interesting for tomato processing. After harvesting the fruits, the available soil P content was increased with P supply to the plants. For improvement of commercial yield and soluble solids characteristics, the tomato crop shall be fertilised with P even though the soil has high P content. Department of Plant Production Sao Paulo State University Predilecta Industry Department of Agricultural Sciences National University of Colombia Department of Plant Production Sao Paulo State University
- Published
- 2020
10. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Requirement to Soybean in High Phosphorus Soils
- Author
-
A. Madhavi Lata, M. Jagadesh, M. Chandini Patnaik, and A. Madhavi
- Subjects
chemistry ,Phosphorus ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nitrogen - Published
- 2020
11. Phosphorus and sodium contents in commercial wet foods for dogs and cats
- Author
-
Mariana Fragoso Rentas, Márcio Antônio Brunetto, Henrique Tobaro Macedo, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini, Larissa Wünsche Risolia, Vivian Pedrinelli, and Fabio Alves Teixeira
- Subjects
GATOS ,safe upper limit ,Sodium ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Pet food ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dogs ,Animal science ,Animals ,Health implications ,phosphate ,CATS ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Chemistry ,Phosphorus ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,pet food ,Original Articles ,minerals ,Phosphate ,Animal Feed ,Cats ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Original Article ,Composition (visual arts) ,Nutritive Value ,nutritional profile - Abstract
It has been reported that wet foods for dogs and cats have high levels of sodium and phosphorus due to their composition. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the sodium and phosphorus contents in wet pet foods, and compare it to daily requirements for both species. Twenty‐five commercial wet foods for adult animals were evaluated, 13 for dogs and 12 for cats. The analyses’ results were compared to the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF 2018) recommendations. All foods contained phosphorus and sodium amounts above minimum requirements. Three wet foods for dogs exceeded the safe upper limit for phosphorus, and four wet foods for dogs and three for cats exceeded 3.75 g of sodium/1,000 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), considered safe by FEDIAF. No studies were found at the present time evaluating whether higher sodium levels are safe for dogs and cats; however, consumption of high phosphorus diets has been associated with adverse effects on renal function parameters. Therefore, more studies are necessary to investigate the health implications of phosphorus and sodium concentrations observed in some foods evaluated in this research., It has been reported that wet foods for dogs and cats have high levels of sodium and phosphorus due to their composition. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the sodium and phosphorus contents in wet pet foods, and compared to daily requirements for both species.
- Published
- 2019
12. Optimization of phosphoric fertilizers for cultivation of potato under high phosphorus soils of Eastern Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar
- Author
-
Manoj Kumar, Icar-Cprs, S. L. Yadav, and Sk Yadav
- Subjects
Maintenance dose ,Phosphorus ,fungi ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biology ,engineering.material ,Phosphate ,Crop ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Yield (wine) ,Soil water ,engineering ,Fertilizer - Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important element that is applied in the form of di-ammonium phosphate or single super phosphate in potatoes. An experiment was conducted at ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Patna, Bihar during Rabi, 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate invariably use of phosphorus fertilizers in potato crop. The use of phosphorus is often applied at higher rate than its uptake from the soil. Therefore, experiment was undertaken with the objective to optimize and utilize soil phosphorus more efficiently. Potato variety Kufri Khyati was planted in three replications with eight different treatments of fertilizer phosphorus. Data on tuber yield (t/ha) and tuber number (lacs/ha) was recorded. The maximum tubers were recorded at 20% of recommended dose of phosphorus i.e. 5.14 lacs/ha followed by 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (4.56 lacs/ha). The tuber yield was maximum at 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (33.53 t/ha) followed by 50% recommended dose of phosphorus (31.35 t/ha), which was at par with the yield obtained at 20% (30.29 t/ha) to 40% (29.98 t/ha) of recommended dose of phosphorus. The recorded results showed that the omission of phosphorus does not have any significant reduction in the yield as compare to tuber numbers. Therefore it may be recommended that in high P soils, the maintenance dose of 20 % of recommended dose of P is sufficient to harvest economic yield.
- Published
- 2021
13. Determining the Optimum Level of Soil Olsen Phosphorus and Phosphorus Fertilizer Application for High Phosphorus-Use Efficiency in Zea mays L. in Black Soil
- Author
-
Weiwei Zhang, Le Wang, Chang Peng, Khalid Ibrahim, Qiong Wang, and Shuxiang Zhang
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,TJ807-830 ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,engineering.material ,TD194-195 ,01 natural sciences ,relative yield ,Renewable energy sources ,Zea mays L ,Animal science ,Biochemical reactions ,GE1-350 ,phosphorus ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Phosphorus ,Crop yield ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Zea mays ,Environmental sciences ,Critical level ,chemistry ,phosphorus-use efficiency ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,engineering ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Fertilizer ,Phosphorus fertilizer - Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient, both as a component of several important plant structural compounds and as a catalyst in the conversion of numerous important biochemical reactions in plants. The soil Olsen P (OP) level is an important factor affecting crop production and P-use efficiency (PUE). We tested the effect of six OP levels and P doses on maize yield, where the P doses were 0, 22, 44, 59, 73, and 117 kg P2O5 ha−1, with three replications, from 2017 to 2019. The response of crop yield to the OP level can be divided into two parts, below 28 mg kg−1 and above 28 mg kg−1. The change point between the two parts was determined as the agronomic critical level for maize crops in the study area. The PUE (%) increased with soil OP levels and decreased with P fertilizer application rates. In addition, results for the low P application rate (P2), 22 kg P2O5 ha−1, showed that PUE significantly increased with an increase in the soil OP level compared with PUE at a low OP level (OP1), 0 kg P2O5 ha−1. The PUE value increased by 49.5%, 40.1%, and 32.4% at a high OP level (OP6) in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively, compared to that at a low OP level (OP1). At the same OP levels, in all three years, the PUE at a high P application rate (P6) decreased significantly, in the range of 62.8% to 78.7%, compared to that at a low P application rate (P2). Under an average deficit of 100 kg ha−1 P, the OP level of the soil in all three years decreased by 3.9 mg kg−1 in the treatment without P addition (P1) and increased by 2.4–3.5 mg kg−1 in the P treatments for each 100 kg ha−1 P surplus. A phosphorus application rate of 44 kg P2O5 ha−1 and an OP level of 28 mg kg−1 are sufficient to obtain an optimum yield, increase the PUE, and reduce environmental hazards in the study area in northeastern China.
- Published
- 2021
14. Upgrading iron and removing phosphorus of high phosphorus oolitic iron ore by segregation roasting with calcium chloride and calcium hypochlorite
- Author
-
Z. Chen, Y. Peng, Z. Wang, W. Ding, Qi. Wu, Junhui Xiao, J. Wang, and T. Peng
- Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997 ,Calcium hypochlorite ,low intensity magnetic separation ,Phosphorus ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,engineering.material ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,calcium hypochlorite ,calcium chloride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,Mechanics of Materials ,ferroferric oxide ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,Roasting ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The iron-bearing ore, existing in the form of oolite, was mainly composed of hematite, limonite, daphnite, and collophane. The harmful element phosphorus content was 1.56%, belonging to high phosphorus ooliticiron ore in western Hubei. In this study, segregation roasting and low intensity magnetic separation techniques were applied for upgrading iron and removing phosphorus. The ores, the chlorinating agent, and the reducing agent were mixed into the roasting furnace for segregation roasting. After being transferred from the weak magnetic minerals to the strong ones, the iron was recovered by low intensity magnetic separation. During segregation roasting, new ore phases, metallic iron (Fe), a small amount of ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4), and ferrous oxide (FeO) could be observed. The results showed that the iron concentrate with the Fe content of 90.3%, the phosphorus content of 0.15%, and the iron recovery of 92.9% were obtained under the segregation roasting temperature of 1273 K, and the roasting time of 90 min, CaCl2 (calcium chloride) 20%, Ca (ClO)2 (calcium hypochlorite) 3%, the dosage of coke 20%, and low intensity magnetic separation field intensity 0.12 T.
- Published
- 2019
15. Correlation between endogenous hormone and the adaptability of Chinese fir with high phosphorus-use efficiency to low phosphorus stress
- Author
-
Ma Xiangqing, Peng-Fei Wu, Xian-Hua Zou, Dan Wei, Ya-Nan Hu, and Si-Tong Chen
- Subjects
Root morphology ,Ecology ,Chemistry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant Science ,Adaptability ,Stress (mechanics) ,Animal science ,Endogenous hormone ,Root shoot ratio ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,media_common - Published
- 2019
16. Removal of Phosphorus from High-phosphorus Iron Ore with Preliminary Reduction Treatment and Physical Concentration
- Author
-
Yoshimasa Sato, Nobuhiro Maruoka, and Hironari Kubo
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Metals and Alloys ,Magnetic separation ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Iron ore ,Mechanics of Materials ,Environmental chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Reduction treatment ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Published
- 2019
17. Dephosphorization of Hot Metal Containing High Phosphorus Using F-free CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–Fe2O3 Slag
- Author
-
Yong Wan, Liangjun Chen, Haimeng Xue, Changji Lv, Yunjin Xia, and Jie Li
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Phosphorus ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,High phosphorus ,Analytical chemistry ,Slag ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Metal ,Flux (metallurgy) ,Iron ore ,chemistry ,Phase (matter) ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,021102 mining & metallurgy - Abstract
With the extensive usage of domestic low-grade iron ore with high phosphorus, abundant high (> 0.35%) phosphorus hot metal generates in China. To solve the dephosphorization issue of high-P hot metal under the premise of avoiding the environmental problem caused by CaF2 flux agent, a type of F-free CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–Fe2O3 slag was designed for the dephosphorization of high-P hot metal and systematically tested and analyzed combined with FactSage software under 1400 °C in this paper. The results show that it is an effective approach to remove phosphorus from hot metal-containing high phosphorus using F-free CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–Fe2O3 slag. The major driving force for this dephosphorization comes from the precipitation of $${\text{Ca}}_{{2}} {\text{SiO}}_{{4}} \cdot n{\text{Ca}}_{{3}} {\text{(PO}}_{{4}}^{{}} {)}_{{2}}$$ (C2S-C3P) phase which lowers the activity of phosphorus in liquid slag by providing a site to stabilize phosphorus in slag. The increase of basicity enhances the dephosphorization process by promoting the precipitation of the P-rich C2S-C3P phase. The Fe2O3 in slag favors the removal of phosphorus from hot metal-containing high phosphorus using CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–Fe2O3 slag by improving the oxidability of slag. The Al2O3 in slag will compete with P2O5 to combine with CaO and SiO2, which inhibits the formation of C2S-C3P and thus weakens the dephosphorization ability of slag.
- Published
- 2021
18. High Phosphorus Acquisition and Allocation Strategy Is Associated with Soybean Seed Yield under Water- and P-Limited Conditions
- Author
-
Feng-Min Li, Yi Jin, Jin He, and Yun-Yin Feng
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,P acquisition efficiency ,Chemistry ,P partition ,Water stress ,High phosphorus ,root dry weight ,lcsh:S ,P harvest indices ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Animal science ,Dry weight ,seed yield ,Dry soil ,Yield (chemistry) ,Shoot ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Cultivar ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Both water stress and P deficit limit soybean seed yield, but the effects of water regimes and P application rates, their interaction on P status, acquisition, and partitioning, and their roles in yield performance have not been well-studied. Two soybean genotypes (Huangsedadou (HD) and Zhonghuang 30 (ZH)) with contrasting seed yield and root dry weight (DW) were used to investigate the P status, P acquisition, P partitioning, and yield formation under two water regimes (well-watered (WW) and cyclic water stress (WS)) and three P rates (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg−1 dry soil). The results show that increased P and water supply increased the seed yield, shoot and root DW and P concentrations and accumulations in different organs. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher seed yield than HD at P60 and P120 under WS and at P0 under WW, but a lower seed yield at P60 and P120 under WW. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher P harvest index and P acquisition efficiency, but a significantly lower shoot and root DW than HD. The interaction between water treatments and P rates had significant effects on leaf and stem P concentration. Cultivar ZH had significantly lower P partitioning to leaves and stems but significantly higher P partitioning to seeds than HD. The seed yield was positively correlated with leaf and seed P accumulations and P acquisition efficiency under WS. We conclude that (1) adequate water supply improved the P mobilization from leaves and stems at maturity, which may have improved the seed yield, and (2) the high P acquisition efficiency is coordination to high P partition to seeds to produce a high seed yield under water- and P-limited conditions.
- Published
- 2021
19. Sewage phosphorus removal using hen eggshells through different contact systems
- Author
-
Mateus Pimentel de Matos, Ronaldo Fia, Juliano Curi de Siqueira, Ivan Célio Andrade Ribeiro, and Antonio Teixeira de Matos
- Subjects
Hydraulic retention time ,business.industry ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sewage ,Sorption ,General Medicine ,Precipitation ,Wastewater treatment ,Pulp and paper industry ,Wastewater ,chemistry ,Hardness ,Environmental science ,Sewage treatment ,Eggshell ,business ,Agro-industrial solid waste - Abstract
Hen eggshell is a waste with high phosphorus (P) removal capacity from synthetic solutions. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how to use this material on P removal from real wastewater. The present study proposed to evaluate two types of system for P removal from wastewater using eggshells. On the first system, eggshells grinded, sieved in 0.425 mm, and contained in coffee filters, were fixed to baffles using calico cloth bags. On the second, the eggshells in the same conditions were attached to vertical wooden rods and distributed at different heights. For both systems, P concentration was daily monitored for four weeks, with and without medium acidification and hydraulic retention time of one day. The baffles system was more efficient, reaching a maximum removal of 15.93% in wastewater with pH 4.73. P removals did not differ significantly over the weeks; however, there is a tendency to vary the efficiencies according to the change in pH. The baffled tank, for presenting higher performance in P removal, is the most suitable for use in a domestic wastewater treatment system. Hen eggshell is a waste with high phosphorus (P) removal capacity from synthetic solutions. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how to use this material on P removal from real wastewater. The present study proposed to evaluate two types of system for P removal from wastewater using eggshells. On the first system, eggshells grinded, sieved in 0.425 mm, and contained in coffee filters, were fixed to baffles using calico cloth bags. On the second, the eggshells in the same conditions were attached to vertical wooden rods and distributed at different heights. For both systems, P concentration was daily monitored for four weeks, with and without medium acidification and hydraulic retention time of one day. The baffles system was more efficient, reaching a maximum removal of 15.93% in wastewater with pH 4.73. P removals did not differ significantly over the weeks; however, there is a tendency to vary the efficiencies according to the change in pH. The baffled tank, for presenting higher performance in P removal, is the most suitable for use in a domestic wastewater treatment system.
- Published
- 2020
20. OGT-Mediated KEAP1 Glycosylation Accelerates NRF2 Degradation Leading to High Phosphate-Induced Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease
- Author
-
Yinke Du, Tianhua Xu, Li Yao, Zitong Sheng, Xiaobo Qiu, Binyao Tian, and Yue Li
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,autophagy ,Vascular smooth muscle ,Physiology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,lcsh:Physiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ubiquitin ,In vivo ,Physiology (medical) ,O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase ,medicine ,Gene silencing ,kelch like ECH associated protein 1 ,Original Research ,Gene knockdown ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,biology ,high phosphorus ,Chemistry ,Autophagy ,medicine.disease ,KEAP1 ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ,vascular calcification ,cardiovascular system ,biology.protein ,vascular smooth muscle cell ,chronic kidney disease ,Calcification - Abstract
Unraveling the complex regulatory pathways that mediate the effects of phosphate on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may provide novel targets and therapies to limit the destructive effects of vascular calcification (VC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our previous studies have highlighted several signaling networks associated with VSMC autophagy, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Thereafter, the current study was performed to characterize the functional relevance of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) in high phosphate-induced VC in CKD settings. We generated VC models in 5/6 nephrectomized rats in vivo and VSMC calcification models in vitro. Artificial modulation of OGT (knockdown and overexpression) was performed to explore the role of OGT in VSMC autophagy and VC in thoracic aorta, and in vivo experiments were used to substantiate in vitro findings. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was performed to examine interaction between OGT and kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and in vivo ubiquitination assay was performed to examine ubiquitination extent of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). OGT was highly expressed in high phosphate-induced 5/6 nephrectomized rats and VSMCs. OGT silencing was shown to suppress high phosphate-induced calcification of VSMCs. OGT enhances KEAP1 glycosylation and thereby results in degradation and ubiquitination of NRF2, concurrently inhibiting VSMC autophagy to promote VSMC calcification in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. OGT inhibits VSMC autophagy through the KEAP1/NRF2 axis and thus accelerates high phosphate-induced VC in CKD.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Application of membrane separation processes in phosphorus recovery: A review
- Author
-
Shuting Shen, Hongliang Dai, Ting Guo, Yuye Xu, Xiwu Lu, and Xiang Li
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Waste management ,Phosphorus ,Forward osmosis ,Membrane fouling ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010501 environmental sciences ,Electrodialysis ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Membrane technology ,chemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Nanofiltration ,Eutrophication ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The depletion of phosphorus resources and the excess discharge of phosphorus into waste streams are contrasting problems. The key to solving both problems is to recover phosphorus from the waste streams. Current phosphorus recovery technologies require high phosphorus concentrations and lack the ability to separate toxic substances from recovered phosphorus products. Membrane separation processes such as nanofiltration, forward osmosis, and electrodialysis are examples of effective methods for solving some of these issues. In this paper, the mechanisms, performance, and influential factors affect phosphorus recovery from membrane separation are reviewed. Membrane fouling, energy consumption, and the selectivity of toxic substances in membrane separation processes were evaluated. This work will serve as a basis for future research and development of phosphorus recovery by membrane separation processes and as a response to the increasingly pressing issues of eutrophication and the growing depletion of phosphorus resources.
- Published
- 2020
22. Impacts of Mineralogy on Soluble Phosphorus Concentrations During Low Temperature Processing of Jamaican Bauxites
- Author
-
Anthony M. Greenaway, Khadeen E. Henry-Herah, and Michael D. Coley
- Subjects
Calcite ,Goethite ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Hematite ,engineering.material ,Bauxite ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Environmental chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Total phosphorus ,Lime - Abstract
Jamaica has about 7.1% of world bauxite reserves. Traditionally, local refineries process good-settling low phosphorus bauxites. As these ores become scarce, mining areas with poor-settling high phosphorus bauxites are being explored. In preparation for having to process these bauxites, this study sought to identify the main minerals that influence soluble phosphorus concentrations. Four correlations for predicting soluble phosphorus during low temperature digestion were applied to both the currently-mined and future bauxite resources. Soluble phosphorus concentrations were successfully predicted from total phosphorus in the bauxite. A simple mine-specific correlation that adjusts based on the calcium to phosphorus (CaO:P2O5) ratio in the bauxites was able to predict soluble phosphorus to within ±15% of measured values. The correlation was applicable even to ores with highly variable compositions. If the phosphorus impurity in the future bauxite is taken as crandallite, a correlation that over-predicts the measured soluble phosphorus by about 20–30% can be used to assess lime requirements for phosphorus control. Crandallite, calcite and silica were the main minerals that influence soluble phosphorus concentrations.
- Published
- 2020
23. Gasificating Dephosphorization During the Carbothermic Reduction of Medium Phosphorus Iron Ore Concentrate in the Presence of Na2CO3 and SiO2
- Author
-
Jing Zhang, Jianguo Zhu, Yanbiao Chen, Wenbin Xin, and Guoping Luo
- Subjects
Materials science ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Metal ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,visual_art ,Mixing ratio ,engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Carbon - Abstract
To relieve the increasing lack of high-quality iron ore, the medium and high phosphorus refractory mineral resources are being developed worldwide due to the rich storage. The novel method of pre-reducing sinter process was applied to remove phosphorus, characterized by reduced atmosphere, high temperature, and negative pressure. For medium phosphorus Bayan Obo iron ore concentrate, the effect of the carbon mixing ratio, reduction temperature, and time on phosphorous gasification and iron metallization during carbothermic reduction was investigated using XRD, FESEM-EDS, and FactSage software, in the presence of Na2CO3 and SiO2. The optimal carbothermic reduction is conducted at 1050 ℃ for 60 min with 20 wt% carbon mixing ratio. The corresponding gasificating dephosphorization and iron metallization are 31% and 96%, respectively. Moreover, the further increased carbon mixing ratio and reduction temperature causes the large absorption of reduced phosphorus gas into metallic iron. Notably, the above result provides data support for pre-reducing sinter process.
- Published
- 2020
24. High Phosphorus Utilization and Silicon Amelioration of Aluminium Toxicity by Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi under Sodic Conditions
- Author
-
Shigenao Kawai, Lanpo Zhao, Shigeru Kamei, Koichiro Sera, Hiroaki Kudo, Tomohiro Yoshida, Atsushi Sato, and Hongbin Wang
- Subjects
chemistry ,Silicon ,Aluminium ,Potassium ,Environmental chemistry ,Phosphorus ,Puccinellia chinampoensis ,Toxicity ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sodic soil ,General Medicine - Published
- 2018
25. Cadmium removal from diluted wastewater by using high-phosphorus-culture modified microalgae
- Author
-
Chunyan Tang, Maria Eugenia Farias, Wang Zhixin, Shaoxian Song, Yinta Li, and Ling Xia
- Subjects
Cadmium ,biology ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Didymogenes palatina ,0104 chemical sciences ,Metal ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Algae ,Wastewater ,Environmental chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In this study, living algae Didymogenes palatina XR was cultured in high-phosphorus medium for efficient Cd2+ immobilization from diluted wastewater solution. Algae cultivated from different phosphorus concentration medium was used to investigate its production and adsorption performances of Cd2+. This study showed that microalgae is sensitive to low concentration of heavy metal Cd, and different concentrations of phosphorus culture could regulate the surface phosphorus loading of microalgae to enhance its adsorption ability of Cd2+. The Cd2+ was further immobilized with the algae surface phosphorus group, such as PO43−, HPO4−, forming metallic mineral Cd-phosphate.
- Published
- 2021
26. Biomarkers of oxidative stress inBiomphalaria alexandrinasnails for assessing the effects of certain inorganic fertilisers
- Author
-
Mohamed-Assem S. Marie, Wafaa S. Hasheesh, Rehab M Hussein, Sara S. M. Sayed, and Fatma A el-Deeb
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,High phosphorus ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biomphalaria alexandrina ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,parasitic diseases ,Botany ,High nitrogen ,Genetics ,medicine ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Glutathione ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Catalase ,biology.protein ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Freshwater snails are often used to monitor aquatic pollution. The present study aims to use Biomphalaria alexandrina snails as bio-indicators for three types of NPK fertilisers (high nitrogen, high phosphorus and balanced). Data showed that high phosphorus and high nitrogen fertilisers have a negative impact on the growth rate of juvenile snails. Such observations were supported by determining antioxidant parameters in the digestive gland. Results indicated a significant increase in the catalase activity of snails that were exposed to ½ LC50 concentrations of balanced and high phosphorus fertilisers. Meanwhile, the glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione parameters showed varying results representing an increase or decrease in the activities of all treated groups after both the first and second weeks, according to the type of fertiliser the snails were exposed to.
- Published
- 2017
27. Dephosphorization of high phosphorus oolitic hematite by acid leaching and the leaching kinetics
- Author
-
Guangqiang Li, Dong Zhao, Jian Yang, Henghui Wang, and Jianghua Ma
- Subjects
Acid concentration ,Kinetics ,Inorganic chemistry ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,Hydrochloric acid ,02 engineering and technology ,Hematite ,equipment and supplies ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,complex mixtures ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
It is highly difficult to remove phosphorus from high phosphorus oolitic hematite by the usual dressing process. Acid leaching is an effective method for the dephosphorization of high phosphorus oolitic hematite. The acid leaching experiments were conducted to study the effect of acid concentration, temperature, leaching time, solid-liquid (S/L) ratio and the stirring speed on the dephosphorization of the high phosphorus oolitic hematite. The results demonstrate that hydrochloric acid is the best selection for leaching acid for the dephosphorization, and treatment of the sample in 0.2 mol/L hydrochloric acid at 298 K for 10 min with the S/L ratio of 0.03 g/mL and a stirring speed of 300 rpm is optimum. Thus, the dephosphorization can reach 90% with 2 O 3 and acid.
- Published
- 2017
28. Simultaneous Recovery of Iron and Phosphorus from a High-Phosphorus Oolitic Iron Ore to Prepare Fe-P Alloy for High-Phosphorus Steel Production
- Author
-
Li-ming Lu, Deqing Zhu, Congcong Yang, and Jian Pan
- Subjects
Materials science ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Alloy ,General Engineering ,High phosphorus ,Slag ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Apatite ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Metal ,0205 materials engineering ,Iron ore ,chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,General Materials Science - Abstract
Unlike previous dephosphorization studies, the present work complies with a concept to recover phosphorus within the utilization of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ores to prepare Fe-P alloy for high-phosphorus steel production. Simultaneous enrichment of iron and phosphorus can be achieved by directly alloying the high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore at high reduction temperatures (≥1623 K). Neither fluxes nor other special additives need to be used. Consequently, the phosphorus element migrates from original apatite to the slag phase with the elevating temperature from 1323 K to 1473 K, and it further moves into metallic iron and forms Fe3P at 1623 K. A metalized iron-phosphorus alloy with assaying of 96.51% iron and 2.03% phosphorus content was obtained at 1623 K for 10 min at corresponding iron and phosphorus recovery rates of 97.50% and 64.51%, respectively. This process exhibits high economic efficiency and is practicable as a stepping-stone for the efficient and direct utilization of high-phosphorus iron ore resources.
- Published
- 2017
29. Effective treatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater by chemical precipitation
- Author
-
Ninghui Song, Yang Liu, Yongjun Sun, Genchao Ma, Yanhua Xu, Huaili Zheng, and Wenquan Sun
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Metal salts ,General Chemical Engineering ,Processing cost ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Chemical oxygen demand ,Inorganic chemistry ,High phosphorus ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,020801 environmental engineering ,Wastewater ,Effective treatment ,Total phosphorus ,Effluent ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The conditions for the treatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater using chemical precipitation were determined to achieve high efficiency on the removal of total phosphorus (TP). The key factors affecting the TP removal efficiencies of four metal salts (FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2, and CaCl2), such as molar ratio, initial wastewater pH, and reaction time, were investigated. The optimal metal mole ratios of FeCl3, AlCl3P, MgCl2, and CaCl2 for the TP removal were 1.8:1, 1.8:1, 1.6:1, and 1.6:1 in the initial pH range, respectively. The TP removal efficiencies obtained by FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2, and CaCl2 were 99.8%, 98.3%, 96.9%, and 99.2% at the optimal mole ratio and pH conditions with 30 min reaction time, respectively. FeCl3 and AlCl3 had better removal performance on COD, wherein the removal rates of COD by FeCl3 and AlCl3 were 38.6% and 27.6%, respectively. FeCl3 and CaCl2 were selected for the combined process of removing TP and overcoming the aforementioned problem. The final effluent quality was better than the one only used on one of the four metal salts, in which the removal rates of TP and COD were as high as 99.8% and 46.9%, respectively. The combined process with FeCl3 and CaCl2 was an effective method for the pretreatment of high phosphorus pharmaceutical wastewater to reduce the processing cost and to decrease the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
- Published
- 2017
30. Dephosphorization in the Reduction and Melting Separation of High Phosphorus Hematite Carbon Bearing Pellets
- Author
-
Xue-Feng She, Jung-Wook Cho, Guang Wang, Qing-Guo Xue, and Jing-Song Wang
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,High phosphorus ,Pellets ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Slag ,Hematite ,Apatite ,chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental Chemistry ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Carbon - Abstract
The rotary hearth furnace iron nugget process is a new technology with a huge potential to efficiently utilize high phosphorus hematite. In this paper, the influences of the basicity and additives on the phosphorus content and distribution in the iron nuggets and the slag were investigated. At first CaCO3 was added to the pellets and then Na2CO3 and CaF2 were also added in the experiments. The experimental results showed that the increase in the basicity and the addition of Na2CO3 and CaF2 were shown to be effective to inhibit the apatite reduction in high phosphorus iron ores and to reduce the phosphorus content in the nuggets. When the pellets containing 4% Na2CO3 and 4% CaF2 with the basicity at 1.4 were reduced at the temperature of 1400°C for 12 min, the phosphorus content in the iron nuggets was only 0.4% and the dephosphorization rate reached 81.2%.
- Published
- 2017
31. Calculations of manganese ferroalloys production efficiency from different ores
- Author
-
Vladimir Zhuchkov, L. I. Leont’ev, V. Ya. Dashevskii, and A. V. Zhdanov
- Subjects
Materials science ,020502 materials ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,High phosphorus ,Slag ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Ferroalloy ,02 engineering and technology ,Manganese ,Production efficiency ,Ferromanganese ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Direct production ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Materials Science - Abstract
The cost of producing manganese alloys by reduction from manganese ore using carbothermic process is estimated. Alternatives of FeMn78 and SiMn17 production from rich Australian manganese ore with low-phosphorus concentration or low-phosphorus manganese slag in charge mixture with poor domestic Russian ore with comparatively high phosphorus content are calculated and presented in the article. Direct production costs for alternative variants in a wide range of cherge composition are estimated.
- Published
- 2016
32. Effect of Phosphate Antioxidant on Resisting to Buildups Formation of Carbon Sleeves in Continuous Annealing Furnace for Silicon Steel Production
- Author
-
Xiongkui Wang, Wangzhi Zhou, Mingsheng He, Jing Zhang, Xuecheng Gong, and Jian Xu
- Subjects
Antioxidant ,Materials science ,Water resistance ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Metallurgy ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Continuous annealing ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Phosphate ,Microstructure ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,medicine ,engineering ,Carbon ,Electrical steel - Abstract
Phosphate is an antioxidant commonly used for impregnating treatment of low-temperature and medium-temperature carbon sleeves for continuous annealing furnace in silicon steel production. The microstructure, topography and composition of the buildups embedded on and adhered to the surface of the carbon sleeve were investigated by SEM and EDX. The water resistance performance of carbon sleeve dipping with phosphate was tested by soaking method. It is found that the buildups contain high phosphorus which mainly comes from phosphate antioxidants in the carbon sleeve. A large quantity of white substances seeped out to the surface of carbon sleeve after soaking for 24 h. The water resistance of carbon sleeve treated with phosphate antioxidant was poor. In terms of the resistance to buildups formation and water, phosphate is not a good antioxidant for carbon sleeve in continuous annealing furnace for silicon steel production.
- Published
- 2019
33. Recovery of vanadium from vanadium slag with high phosphorus content via recyclable microemulsion extraction
- Author
-
Chengjie Wang, Shuo Shen, Jiang Diao, Yun Guo, Hong-Yi Li, and Bing Xie
- Subjects
Phosphorus ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Inorganic chemistry ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,Slag ,Vanadium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Metal ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Microemulsion ,0204 chemical engineering ,021102 mining & metallurgy ,Roasting - Abstract
Because of the interference from phosphorus, it is practically challenging to efficiently recover vanadium from vanadium slag with high phosphorus contents (VS-HPC). We propose to separate vanadium and phosphorus in aqueous medium via microemulsion extraction, which enables the recovery of vanadium from the leach solution obtained by conventional calcification roasting and acid leaching process of VS-HPC. The influences of various factors on the separation of vanadium and phosphorus have been investigated. Under the most suitable conditions, the extraction efficiency of vanadium can reach as high as 99.9% while that of phosphorus has been impressively lowered to 5.5%. After establishing the microemulsion-based separation method of vanadium and phosphorus, the vanadium element in VS-HPC was extracted to leach solution. The extraction and recovery of vanadium and phosphorus has further enabled, the production of V2O5 with a high purity of 99.7%; the high purity has made the products much more economically appealing than the commonly manufactured V2O5 with a purity of 98.0%. This work has provided new pathways of promoting sustainability in the non-ferrous metal resource utilization.
- Published
- 2020
34. Influence of Mechanical Activation on Acid Leaching Dephosphorization of High-phosphorus Iron Ore Concentrates
- Author
-
Hao Wang, Deqing Zhu, Congcong Yang, and Jian Pan
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Dissociation (chemistry) ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Grinding ,law.invention ,Reaction rate ,0205 materials engineering ,Iron ore ,Magazine ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Particle size ,Ball mill - Abstract
High pressure roll grinding (HPRG) and ball milling were compared to investigate the influence of mechanical activation on the acid leaching dephosphorization of a high-phosphorus iron ore concentrate, which was manufactured through magnetizing roasting-magnetic separation of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ores. The results indicated that when high-phosphorus iron ore concentrates containing 54.92 mass % iron and 0.76 mass % phosphorus were directly processed through acid leaching, iron ore concentrates containing 55.74 mass% iron and 0.33 mass % phosphorus with an iron recovery of 84.64 % and dephosphorization of 63.79 % were obtained. When high-phosphorus iron ore concentrates activated by ball milling were processed by acid leaching, iron ore concentrates containing 56.03 mass % iron and 0.21 mass% phosphorus with an iron recovery of 85.65% and dephosphorization of 77.49 % were obtained. Meanwhile, when high-phosphorus iron ore concentrates activated by HPRG were processed by acid leaching, iron ore concentrates containing 58.02 mass% iron and 0.10 mass% phosphorus were obtained, with the iron recovery reaching 88.42% and the dephosphorization rate reaching 88.99%. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that ball milling can reduce the particle size, demonstrating a prominent reunion phenomenon. In contrast, HPRG pretreatment contributes to the formation of more cracks within the particles and selective dissociation of iron and P bearing minerals, which can provide the favorable kinetic conditions to accelerate the solid-liquid reaction rate. As such, the crystal structure is destroyed and the surface energy of mineral particles is strengthened by mechanical activation, further strengthening the dephosphorization.
- Published
- 2016
35. The Behavior of Phosphorus During Reduction and Carburization of High-Phosphorus Oolitic Hematite with H2 and CH4
- Author
-
Jianghua Ma, Guangqiang Li, Jian Yang, Babar Shahzad Khan, and Henghui Wang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Hematite ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Apatite ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Carbide ,Metal ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Gangue ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
High-phosphorus oolitic hematite has not been widely utilized due to high content of phosphorus. Ca3(PO4)2 is the main component containing phosphorus in high-phosphorus oolitic hematite. In the present work, the thermodynamics was studied for Ca3(PO4)2 reduction by H2 gas and then carburization by CH4 gas. The results show that phosphorous in Ca3(PO4)2 cannot be reduced from gangue during the reduction of hematite and the formation of iron carbide at the temperature from 923 K to 1073 K (650 °C to 800 °C), in H2 and CH4 atmosphere. Reduction and carburization experiments were carried out. And phosphorus in reduced and carburized specimens was analyzed by EDS and wet chemical method. The results confirmed that phosphorous cannot be reduced during the preparation of iron carbide from this iron ore. So the metallic iron or iron carbide can be prepared without the reduction of phosphorous at relatively low temperature, which can be a new route of utilizing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite. After fine milling–magnetic separation, the 99.47 pct of Fe3C-containing material was recovered, but the dephosphorization rate reached to 19.37 pct only.
- Published
- 2016
36. Phosphorus Removal and Iron Recovery from High-Phosphorus Hematite Using Direct Reduction Followed by Melting Separation
- Author
-
Tengfei Qi, Yan-qi Qin, and Huiqing Tang
- Subjects
Briquette ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Hematite ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Apatite ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Metal ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Phase (matter) ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Economic Geology ,Reduction test - Abstract
To efficiently utilize high-phosphorus oolitic hematite resources, a method using direct reduction followed by melting separation was proposed. In this study, direct reduction behavior of the ore–char briquette and the melting separation behavior of the reduced briquette were investigated. Direct reduction test results show that under investigated conditions, the briquette reached a metallization rate of 80%–88% and a residual carbon value of 0.11–4.85 wt%,and apatite layers were fragmented into tiny particles, some of which were embedded in metallic iron phase. Melting separation test results show that residual carbon can significantly influence the iron recovery rate. For metallic briquettes with the abovementioned qualities, the iron recovery rate ranged from 75% to 98%. To control the phosphorus content in molten iron to be nearly 0.4 wt%, an iron recovery rate of 80% was shown to be adequate.
- Published
- 2016
37. Influence of Al2O3modification on phosphorus enrichment in high phosphorus slag
- Author
-
Zhaoqun Ke, Lu Jiang, Jiang Diao, Bing Xie, and Tao Zhang
- Subjects
Mineral ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Phosphorus ,Inorganic chemistry ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Slag ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Phase (matter) ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Pentoxide ,Solid solution - Abstract
The phosphorus enrichment in solid phases during solidification of converter slag was studied by the modification with Al2O3. The mineral phase of the original and modified high phosphorus slags were analysed by SEM + EDS and XRD. The mechanism of Al2O3 modification was discussed based on thermodynamic modelling using the FactSage package. The results show that Ca3(PO4)2 and Ca2SiO4 precipitated first and formed the n2CaO·SiO2–3CaO·P2O5 (nC2S–C3P) solid solution. The content of Al2O3 has no significant impact on the initial precipitation amount of nC2S–C3P solid solution. High phosphorus solid solution (n′C2S–C3P) was generated by the constant reaction between nC2S–C3P (n′
- Published
- 2016
38. Phosphorus use efficiency of soybean cultivars in Cerrado conditions of Tocantins, Brazil
- Author
-
Gustavo André Colombo, Luiz Paulo Miranda Pires, Gilberto Coutinho Machado Filho, Joênes Mucci Peluzio, and Douglas José Daronch
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Glycine max ,Phosphorus ,fungi ,High phosphorus ,lcsh:S ,chemistry.chemical_element ,food and beverages ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Grain yield ,Cultivar ,nutritional efficiency ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,010606 plant biology & botany ,mineral stress - Abstract
In order to determine the efficiency and response regarding the use of phosphorus of soybean cultivars, experiments were conducted in the 2013/2014 season, to evaluate 15 soybean genotypes under two phosphorus using a randomized complete block, with three replications. To simulate environments with low and high levels of phosphorus, doses of 40 and 120 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 were applied. Characteristics were evaluated for number of pods per plant, grain yield and using the methodology proposed by Fageria & Kluthcouski (1980), determined efficiency in the use of phosphorus. The environment high phosphorus positively affected the average grain yield in all genotypes, with an increase of 48.9% over the average grain yield in low-phosphorus environment. Cultivars JULIANA RR, M9056 RR, P99R01 and M9144 RR were classified as efficient and responsive as the use of phosphorus.
- Published
- 2016
39. High phosphorus slag gasificating dephosphorization of sintering atmosphere
- Author
-
Wei-Xing Liu, Yanxia Shang, Wei Zhang, Jie Li, Hongwei Xing, and Zhenchao Liu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Single factor ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Alkalinity ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Slag ,Sintering ,02 engineering and technology ,equipment and supplies ,Condensed Matter Physics ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,Control and Systems Engineering ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Sintering atmosphere ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Carbon - Abstract
With micro-sintering experiment, using single factor research to study the dephosphorization agents and process parameters on the impact of high phosphorus slag and internal mechanism during sintering dephosphorization rate. The study find that the rate of gasification dephosphorization of slag modified by the dephosphorization agent mixed with C6H12O6, CaCl2 and SiO2 which corresponding compositon was 0.18%, 0.29% and 0.69%, can be up to 40.5%. In the mixture for dephosphorization agent, the alkalinity of sinter mixture control in 1.0, with a carbon control at 4.0%, the sintering temperature control at 1350°C, dephosphorization effect is better when the phosphorus content is higher, but while the phosphorus content reach to certain content, the influence of phosphorus content becomes weak.
- Published
- 2016
40. Synthesis and extensive characterisation of phosphorus doped graphite
- Author
-
Philip A. C. Brown, Michal Leskes, Clare P. Grey, Raúl García-Rodríguez, Paul D. Barker, Pieter C. M. M. Magusin, Timothy C. King, Siân E. Dutton, Gary J. Tustin, Peter D. Matthews, Dominic S. Wright, Hugh Glass, Ali Alavi, F. Malte Grosche, and Jonathan A. Cormack
- Subjects
Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nitrogen doped ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Phosphorus doped ,chemistry ,Covalent bond ,Molecule ,Graphite ,0210 nano-technology ,Boron ,Pyrolysis - Abstract
The pyrolysis of 1,2-diphosphinobenzene at 800 °C gives a phosphorus-doped graphite (P-DG) with an unprecedented high phosphorus content, ca. 20 at%. In contrast with previously studied boron and nitrogen doped graphite materials, thorough characterisation and analysis of this material demonstrates that it is extensively disordered and contains substitutional P-atoms along with PO units in the host graphitic lattice, as well as P4 molecules trapped between the graphitic sheets. This represents a stabilised form of P4, which has been shown to covalently bind to lithium as Li3P in this material.
- Published
- 2016
41. Experimental study on phosphorus distribution ratio and capacity of environment-friendly dephosphorization slag for high-phosphorus hot metal pretreatment
- Author
-
F. Yang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Waste management ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,Slag ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Environmentally friendly ,020501 mining & metallurgy ,Metal ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium - Published
- 2016
42. Responses of Alnus nepalensis seedling under high phosphorus stress: shifts in photosynthesis and phosphorus contents across different organs
- Author
-
Zuqing Wu, Mengyang Li, Yinjiao Xu, Changming Liu, Kai Yan, Chengjiao Dao, and Biao Zhao
- Subjects
Horticulture ,biology ,chemistry ,Seedling ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,biology.organism_classification ,Photosynthesis ,Alnus nepalensis - Abstract
Large phosphate ores are located in Southwest China. Mining activities have led to serious degradation facing surrounding ecosystem, which hinders regional sustainable development. Re-vegetation is considered the ideal treatment to cope with this issue. Alnus nepalensis is considered the suitable tree species for restoration across mining sites, giving its N-fixing capacity and good adaptability. However, the growth of A. nepalensis seedling seems limited in phosphate abandoned land. In order to clarify the responses (phosphorus contents distribution and photosynthesis) of A. nepalensis seedling under high soil phosphorus stress, pot experiment was conducted. The results showed that higher soil phosphorus level leads to higher phosphorus concentrations observed in all organs of seedlings. In contract, A. nepalensis seedling’s respiration rate, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, all the photosynthetic parameters decreased. It found the phenomenon that phosphorus content of leaves, roots, soil and stem were negatively correlated with those photosynthetic parameters, but clear causal metabolism pathway still needs further study. Anyway, extremely high phosphorus level would inhibit the photosynthesis, and even the growth of A. nepalensis seedling, corresponding strategy is needed when we use A. nepalensis to recover phosphate abandoned land.
- Published
- 2020
43. Hypocaloric Diet Prevents the Decrease in FGF21 Elicited by High Phosphorus Intake
- Author
-
Mariano Rodriguez, Ignacio González López, Escolastico Aguilera-Tejero, Ana I. Raya, Rafael Rios, and Carmen Pineda
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Messenger ribonucleic acid ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Calorie ,FGF21 ,High phosphorus ,Down-Regulation ,Nutritional Status ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,fibroblast growth factor 21 ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,calories ,Internal medicine ,Glyceraldehyde ,medicine ,Animals ,rat ,phosphorus ,Rats, Wistar ,Klotho Proteins ,Hypocaloric diet ,Caloric Restriction ,Glucuronidase ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Chemistry ,Fibroblast Growth Factors ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,Models, Animal ,Phosphorus, Dietary ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Biomarkers ,Food Science ,Dietary Phosphorus - Abstract
The effect of dietary phosphorus (P) on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)/&beta, klotho axis was investigated in rats that were fed diets with: Normal (NP) or high P (HP) and either normal (NC), high (HC) or low calories (LC). Sampling was performed at 1, 4 and 7 months. Plasma FGF21 concentrations were higher (p <, 0.05) in NC and HC than in LC groups. Increasing P intake had differing effects on plasma FGF21 in rats fed NC and HC vs. rats fed LC at the three sampling times. When compared with the NP groups, FGF21 concentrations decreased at the three sampling points in rats fed NC-HP (80 vs. 194, 185 vs. 382, 145 vs. 403 pg/mL) and HC-HP (90 vs. 190, 173 vs. 353, 94 vs. 434 pg/mL). However, FGF21 did not decrease in rats fed LC-HP (34 vs. 20, 332 vs. 164 and 155 vs. 81 pg/mL). In addition, LC groups had a much lower liver FGF21 messenger ribonucleic acid/glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mRNA/GAPDH) ratio (0.51 ±, 0.08 and 0.56 ±, 0.07) than the NC-NP (0.97 ±, 0.14) and HC-NP (0.97 ±, 0.22) groups. Increasing P intake reduced liver FGF21 mRNA/GAPDH in rats fed NC and HC to 0.42 ±, 0.05 and 0.37 ±, 0.04. Liver &beta, klotho mRNA/GAPDH ratio was lower (p <, 0.05) in LC groups (0.66 ±, 0.06 and 0.59 ±, 0.10) than in NC (1.09 ±, 0.17 and 1.03 ±, 0.14) and HC (1.19 ±, 0.12 and 1.34 ±, 0.19) groups. A reduction (p <, 0.05) in &beta, klotho protein/&alpha, tubulin ratio was also observed in LC groups (0.65 ±, 0.05 and 0.49 ±, 0.08) when compared with NC (1.12 ±, 0.11 and 0.91 ±, 0.11) and HC (0.93 ±, 0.17 and 0.87 ±, 0.09) groups. In conclusion &beta, klotho is potently regulated by caloric restriction but not by increasing P intake while FGF21 is regulated by both caloric restriction and increased P intake. Moreover, increased P intake has a differential effect on FGF21 in calorie repleted and calorie depleted rats.
- Published
- 2018
44. Preparation of electroless Ni-P alloy coating with medium temperature and low phosphorus content
- Author
-
Wei Gao, Tingting Wu, Yongfeng Li, Kun Zhang, Peng Cao, and Mingming Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,020209 energy ,Phosphorus ,Alloy ,Metallurgy ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,chemistry ,Electroless plating ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,engineering ,Composition (visual arts) ,Alloy coating ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Low phosphorus electroless Ni-P alloy coating has many advantages over medium and high phosphorus electroless Ni-P alloy coatings because of its special microstructure and composition, which can meet more special performance requirements. In addition, reducing the plating temperature can reduce energy consumption. The preparation process of electroless Ni-P plating at medium temperature and low-P was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The results show that electroless Ni-P alloy coatings with 4–6% P can be obtained at 60–80[Formula: see text]C and pH=5–6. The hardness, deposition rate and corrosion resistance of the coating were also evaluated.
- Published
- 2019
45. Technological Challenges of Phosphorus Removal in High-Phosphorus Ores: Sustainability Implications and Possibilities for Greener Ore Processing
- Author
-
Stanley Udochukwu Ofoegbu
- Subjects
Waste management ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Phosphorus ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Phosphorus adsorption ,High phosphorus ,Beneficiation ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,engineering.material ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Phosphate ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Iron ore ,chemistry ,Sustainability ,engineering ,Environmental science ,0210 nano-technology ,Mineral processing ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
With the present rates of iron ore consumption, currently unusable, high-phosphorus iron ore deposits are likely to be the iron ores of the future as higher-grade iron ore reserves are depleted. Consequently, the design and timely development of environmentally-benign processes for the simultaneous beneficiation of high-phosphorus iron ores and phosphorus recovery, currently a technological challenge, might soon become a sustainability challenge. To stimulate interest in this area, phosphorus adsorption and association in iron oxides/hydroxyoxides, and current efforts at its removal, have been reviewed. The important properties of the most relevant crystalline phosphate phases in iron ores are highlighted, and insights provided on plausible routes for the development of sustainable phosphorus recovery solutions from high-phosphorus iron ores. Leveraging literature information from geochemical investigations into phosphorus distribution, speciation, and mobility in various natural systems, key knowledge gaps that are vital for the development of sustainable phosphorus removal/recovery strategies and important factors (white spaces) not yet adequately taken into consideration in current phosphorus removal/recovery solutions are highlighted, and the need for their integration in the development of future phosphorus removal/recovery solutions, as well as their plausible impacts on phosphorus removal/recovery, are put into perspective.
- Published
- 2019
46. Dephosphorisation of high phosphorus oolitic hematite by carbon composite pre-reduction and fast melting separation
- Author
-
Gang Wang, J. S. Wang, Jinzhou Liu, and Qingguo Xue
- Subjects
Materials science ,Pig iron ,Mechanical Engineering ,Phosphorus ,Metallurgy ,Composite number ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Hematite ,Separation process ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Carbon - Abstract
High phosphorus oolitic hematite deposit is a kind of refractory iron ore resource of huge amount. At present, it is difficult to be utilised by traditional physical and chemical technology efficiently and economically. A novel process for utilisation of the high phosphorus oolitic hematite based on carbon composite pre-reduction and fast melting separation has been put forward in the paper. High grade pig iron nugget of low phosphorus could be obtained in the present research. The influence of experimental conditions, such as pre-reduction temperature, C/O (molar ratio) and basicity, on the dephosphorisation behaviours was studied in detail. The thermodynamic basis and reduction and melting separation process were also analysed. The phosphorus content in the iron nugget decreased with the increasing of basicity and increased with the increasing of C/O. The optimum parameters were pre-reduction temperature of 1200°C for 30 min, C/O of 0.95 and basicity of 1.7. After melting separation of molten iron and s...
- Published
- 2015
47. High phosphorus supply reduced zinc concentration of wheat in native soil but not in autoclaved soil or nutrient solution
- Author
-
Levent Öztürk, Umit Baris Kutman, Emir Ali Ova, and Ismail Cakmak
- Subjects
Nutrient solution ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,Soil Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant physiology ,Plant Science ,Zinc ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Zinc deficiency (plant disorder) ,Shoot ,S Agriculture (General) ,Plant nutrition ,QK710-899 Plant physiology - Abstract
Phosphorus (P)-induced zinc (Zn) deficiency is one of the most commonly studied antagonistic interactions in plant nutrition. However, there are many controversial reports about P-Zn interaction, possibly related to growth conditions. In this study, the effects of P supply on the root uptake and tissue concentrations of Zn as well as the development of Zn deficiency were investigated in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in different media. Plants were grown under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions in native soil, autoclaved soil and nutrient solution with different P and Zn supplies. In the soil experiment, the shoot biomass and grain yield were measured whereas in the nutrient solution experiment, the root and shoot biomass were determined. Development of Zn deficiency symptoms was examined. Concentrations of Zn, P and other elements were measured in harvested tissues. Mycorrhizal colonization of roots was scored in soil-grown plants. Root uptake of stable Zn isotope (Zn-70) was investigated at different P rates in a separate nutrient solution experiment. Higher P rates caused substantial decreases in shoot and grain Zn concentrations in native soil but not in autoclaved soil. Treatment of native soil with increasing P significantly reduced mycorrhizal colonization. At low Zn, P applications aggravated Zn deficiency symptoms in both soil and solution culture. In solution culture, root and shoot Zn concentrations were not lowered by higher P rates. Root uptake of Zn-70 from nutrient solution was even depressed at low P. The negative effect of increasing P supply on root Zn uptake and tissue Zn concentrations in wheat is mycorrhiza-dependent and may completely disappear in a mycorrhiza-free environment.
- Published
- 2015
48. Phosphorus Availability in Low-P and Acidic Soils as Affected by Liming and P Addition
- Author
-
Spyridon D. Koutroubas, Vasileios Antoniadis, D. Bachtsevanidis, and F. Hatzis
- Subjects
Plant growth ,biology ,Phosphorus ,Amendment ,High phosphorus ,Soil Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,biology.organism_classification ,Lolium perenne ,Human fertilization ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Soil pH ,Soil water ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Acidic soils typically suffer from high phosphorus (P) retention, a problem that can be dealt with using greater P fertilization, soil liming, or both. The aim of this work was to examine which of these practices bears the more beneficial result for Lolium perenne L. growth. In a pot experiment, five acidic soils were treated as follows: L0P0 (unamended control), L1P0 (liming only), L0P1 (P addition only), and L1P1 (both liming and P addition). We found that P amendment alone was sufficient to increase plant P levels when the initial soil P concentrations were low. Liming without P addition increased plant P satisfactorily only in the high-P soil. We conclude that P addition alone is a better practice than liming alone for improved plant growth conditions in acidic, low-P soils, unless there is relatively high P content in soil, in which case liming alone may be sufficient to increase P availability.
- Published
- 2015
49. Roasting-induced phase change and its influence on phosphorus removal through acid leaching for high-phosphorus iron ore
- Author
-
Qingshan Zhu, Min Yang, Chuanlin Fan, Hongzhong Li, and Zhaohui Xie
- Subjects
Goethite ,Mechanical Engineering ,Inorganic chemistry ,Metallurgy ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Metals and Alloys ,High phosphorus ,food and beverages ,Sulfuric acid ,engineering.material ,Amorphous solid ,Phase change ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Iron ore ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Materials Chemistry ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,Roasting - Abstract
In the present study, roasting-induced phase change and its influence on phosphorus removal via leaching has been investigated for high-phosphorus iron ore. The findings indicate that phosphorus in the ore is associated with goethite and exists mainly in amorphous Fe3PO7 phase. The phosphorus remains in the amorphous phase after being roasted below 300A degrees C. Grattarolaite (Fe3PO7) is found in samples roasted at 600-700A degrees C, revealing that phosphorus phase is transformed from the amorphous form to crystalline grattarolaite during roasting. Leaching tests on synthesized pure grattarolaite reveal a low rate of phosphorus removal by sulfuric acid leaching. When the roasting temperature is higher than 800A degrees C, grattarolaite is found to react with alumina to form aluminum phosphate, and the reactivity of grattarolaite with alumina increases with increasing roasting temperature. Consequently, the rate of phosphorus removal also increases with increasing roasting temperature due to the formation of acid-soluble aluminum phosphate.
- Published
- 2015
50. Meeting Initial Snap Bean Seedling Requirements with Starter Phosphorus or Bicarbonate to Solubilize Soil Phosphorus in High-phosphorus Soils
- Author
-
Thomas Björkman and Stephen Reiners
- Subjects
biology ,Bicarbonate ,Phosphorus ,High phosphorus ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Horticulture ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Starter ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Solubilization ,Seedling ,Soil water ,Soil phosphorus - Abstract
Starter phosphorus (P) is often recommended for warm-season vegetables sown in cool soil, even if soil P index levels are already high. The cost and environmental risk associated with excessive P fertilization justify re-examination of the practice. The objective of the study was to confirm that performance of early plantings of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is improved by starter P application and to test whether solubilizing soil P with potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) can serve as an alternative in western New York soils. Addition of starter fertilizer at either recommended (15 kg·ha−1) or supraoptimal (35 kg·ha−1) P rates did not generally improve seedling tissue P concentration, early growth (biomass at flowering), or pod yield. Starter P application increased tissue P in only two of 11 experiments, and it never increased yield. Application of 6 kg·ha−1 KHCO3 to release soil-bound phosphate was not phytotoxic to snap beans. In the two experiments in which starter P increased tissue P, KHCO3 application had a smaller effect in one and no effect in the other. KHCO3 application did not increase yield in any of the six experiments where it was tested. A direct test of the contribution of P limitation to the poorer performance of early plantings showed that neither starter P nor KHCO3 application increased yield at early planting. Seasonal differences in crop performance could not be attributed to mineralization of soil phosphate after soil warmed. Water-extractable soil P was not lower in the spring than in summer, remaining constant at all 11 bean fields that were sampled from mid-April through mid-July. In these trials, P was likely not growth-limiting in the cool soils tested. Because starter P may not be necessary in vegetable soils testing high or very high for P, vegetables would also not likely benefit from bicarbonate application under high P conditions.
- Published
- 2015
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.