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The aim of this study was to examine whether intermediate frequency (IF) magnetic field (MF) induces genotoxic effects or play a role in the induction of adaptive response after combined exposure to IF MF and ionizing radiation in leukocytes and in adrenocortical carcinoma cell line H295R. Cells were exposed to 250.8 kHz at the magnetic field strength of 80 A/m (equivalent to 100 µT magnetic flux density) for 20 hours alone, or exposed to IF MF for 20 hours and 24 hours later challenged with ionizing radiation (1.5 Gy X-ray). Evaluation of the DNA damage was performed with alkaline comet assay. Our results showed that there was no significant genotoxic effect of IF MF exposure compared to the controls in both cell types. Furthermore, results did not indicate a statistically significant change in DNA strand breaks in IF MF pre-exposed cells when they were subsequently exposed to 1.5 Gy. Consequently no adaptive response was detected.

The absorption of exposure to radiofrequency (RF) emitted by wireless devices leads to a high specific absorption rate in the skin. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can induce several damages to the skin. The aim of this study was to examine whether combined, consecutive exposure to solar UV radiation and 1950 MHz RF exposure of third generation (3G) mobile system have any effect on inflammation processes in the skin. Under in vitro experiments, the inflammation process was examined by cytokines (IL-1&alpha, IL-6, and IL-8) and MMP-1 enzyme secretion on 3D full thickness human skin model. The RF exposure was applied before or after UV irradiation, in order to study either the possible cooperative or protective effects of exposure to RF and UV. We did not find changes in cytokines due to exposure to RF alone. The RF exposure did not enhance the effects of UV radiation. There was a statistically not-significant decrease in cytokines when the skin tissues were pre-exposed to RF before being exposed to 4 standard erythemal dose (SED) UV compared to UV exposure alone. We found that RF exposure reduced the previously UV-treated MMP-1 enzyme concentration. This study might support the evaluation of the effects on the skin exposed to microwave radiation of 5G mobile technology.

The widespread presence of electromagnetic sources in daily life has initiated several studies on the effects of radiofrequency and power frequency fields. Only few investigations on the genotoxic effects of exposure to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (IF-MF) have been done so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate possible genotoxic effects of exposure to 123.90 kHz and 250.80 kHz IF-MF on canine and human blood. Blood was exposed to IF-MF at 630 A/m (0.79 mT) and 80 A/m (0.10 m T) with exposure durations of 1–5 h (hourly), 20 and 24 h. Cylindrically divided Petri dish system was developed for in vitro exposures where different induced current could be achieved in the samples at the same magnetic flux density level. For the assessment of genotoxicity the alkaline comet assay was applied. We detected a statistically significant increase in DNA damage only following 20 h exposure to IF-MF.

International audience; Non-ionizing radiation is the term given to radiation in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that doesn’t have enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules directly. It includes electric and magnetic fields up to 300 GHz, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet radiation (UV). People are exposed to non-ionizing radiation by several man-made sources every day. This includes microwave ovens, cell phones, baby monitors, cordless phones, garage-door openers, etc. There is a big concern amongst the public and authorities regarding possible adverse health effects from exposure to electromagnetic fields. In 2002 the IARC concluded that extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF) are possibly carcinogenic (Group 2B). The same conclusion was reached in 2011 with respect to radiofrequency fields (RF) from mobile phones. UV radiation has been classified by IARC as Group I: carcinogenic to humans. In many cases and studies the link has been established between genotoxicity and the possibility that non-ionizing radiations including EMFs are carcinogenic. In our laboratory we use comet assay for testing genotoxicity of non-ionizing radiation for more than ten years. In experiments we use whole blood samples (human or dog), cell lines (e.g. fibroblast, H295R cell line) or 3 dimensional skin tissue (epidermis) models. In our protocol alkaline Comet assay method is used. On our poster there will be presented brief summary of our experiments with different types of radiation (ELF, RF, intermediate frequency and UV). Part of this work was done in the SKIN-RF project funded by ANSES (France).

In this study, the effect of exposure to 900 and 1800 MHz GSM-like radiofrequency radiation upon the urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6SM) excretion of adult male Wistar rats was studied. Seventy-two rats were used in six independent experiments, three of which were done with 900 MHz and the other three with 1800 MHz. The exposures were performed in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic mode (GTEM) cell. The power densities of radiation were 100 and 20 μW/cm2 at 900 and 1800 MHz frequency, respectively. The carrier frequency was modulated with 218 Hz, as in the GSM signal. The animals were exposed for 2 h between 8:00 AM and noon daily during the 14 day exposure period. The urine of rats was collected from 12:00 AM to 8:00 AM, collecting from exposed and control animal groups on alternate days. The urinary 6SM concentration was measured by 125I radioimmunoassay and was referred to creatinine. The combined results of three experiments done with the same frequency were statistically analyzed. Statistically significant changes in the 6SM excretion of exposed rats (n = 18) compared to control group (n = 18) were not found either at 900 or 1800 MHz. Bioelectromagnetics 24:531–534, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Purpose: This study focuses on the eff ects of high-fi eld (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans on the DNA integrity of human leukocytes in vitro in order to validate the study where genotoxic eff ects were obtained and published by Lee et al. Materials and methods: The scanning protocol and exposure situation were the same as those used under routine clinical brain MRI scan. Peripheral blood samples from healthy nonsmoking male donors were exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) produced by 3T magnetic resonance imaging equipment for 0, 22, 45, 67, and 89 min during the scanning procedure. Samples of positive control were exposed to ionizing radiation (4 Gy of 60 Co- g ). Single breaks of DNA in leukocytes were detected by single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay). Chromosome breakage, chromosome loss and micronuclei formations were detected by a micronucleus test (MN). Three independent experiments were performed. Results : The data of comet tail DNA%, olive tail moment and micronucleus frequency showed no DNA damages due to MRI exposure. Conclusions: The results of the Comet assay and the micronucleus test indicate that the applied exposure of MRI does not appear to produce breaks in the DNA and has no signifi cant eff ect on DNA integrity.

Investigations have been carried out concerning the effects of microwave (MW) exposure on the aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase of the progeny of females that were exposed during their entire period of gestation (19 days). The changes caused by continuous-wave (CW) and amplitude-modulated (AM) MW radiation have been compared. CFLP mice were exposed to MW radiation for 100 min each day in an anechoic room. The MW frequency was 2.45 GHz, and the amplitude modulation had a 50 Hz rectangular waveform (on/off ratio, 50/50%). The average power density exposure was 3 mW/cm2, and the whole body specific absorption rate (SAR) was 4.23 +/- 0.63 W/kg. The weight and mortality of the progeny were followed until postnatal day 24. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes and tRNA from the brains and livers of the offspring (461 exposed, 487 control) were isolated. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities were determined. The postnatal increase of body weight and organ weight was not influenced by the prenatal MW radiation. The activity of enzyme isolated from the brain showed a significant decrease after CW MW exposure, but the changes were not significant after 50 Hz AM MW exposure. The activity of the enzyme isolated from liver increased under CW and 50 Hz modulated MW.