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Benzothiazole is an amazing small molecule involved in many applications in industrial and pharmaceutical industries to prepare many candidate compounds as effective drugs. In this study, we presented some derivatives of this compound that were prepared easily and quickly with the help of microwaves to minimize time, energy, and finances. The compounds’ cytotoxicity against the two cell lines SK-GT-4 and AMGM5 was examined. The cytotoxic effect of each compound at different concentrations was measured using the MTT assay. Compounds exhibited no potent cytotoxic effects toward the SK-GT-4 cell line. Compounds B1 and B2 had a high IC50 value and good growth inhibition activity against the AMGM5 cell line. According to in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion analysis (ADME) prediction studies, the compounds B1, B2, and B3 met Lipinski and were drug-like in most physicochemical parameters. Despite some violations, generally favorable pharmacokinetic properties. It is also assumed that it can potentially become a drug candidate in the future. Various electronic parameters were examined using DFT/WB97XD/6-31++G(d,p), and studies were conducted to support the experimental findings. To estimate the binding modes of compounds B1 and B5, we also performed in silico molecular docking studies.

A new series of benzothiazole derived thiazole-based bis-benzohydrazide hybrid (1–20) analogs were synthesized. Initially, the product confirmation was identified by employing TLC and the basic skeleton of the new hybrid synthesized compounds was further confirmed through spectroscopic techniques such as 13CNMR, 1HNMR and HREI-MS. Moreover, the synthesized analogs were tested for their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. In the whole series, compounds 1, 2, 3 and 6 were found with potent activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Molecular docking inveatigation of the potent compounds was performed within the active site of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase revealing compounds 1, 2, 3 and 6 showing promising binding orientations against both enzymes as compared to reference drug donepezil with their IC50 values 1(2.20 ± 1.40 and 3.18 ± 0.45 μM), 2 (2.89 ± 1.25 and 2.78 ± 1.49 μM), 3 (2.94 ± 1.10 and 3.07 ± 1.23 μM), 6 (5.83 ± 1.45 and 6.03 ± 3.08 μM), respectively, and reference drug (IC50 = 8.73 ± 2.68 and 9.30 ± 2.60 μM for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylchlinesterase, respectively. In addition, ADME studies were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the functional mechanisms of a drug on a living organism. It is considered that benzothiazole derived thiazole based bis-benzohydrazide hybrid analogs (1, 2, 3, 6) might be better inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes.

Abstract Metastable endoperoxides with beta‐amyloid fibrils targeting benzothiazole moieties were designed and synthesized. Singlet oxygen released from these endoperoxides by thermal cycloreversion reaction was shown to cause significant structural changes on the amyloid assemblies. Most importantly, the cytotoxicity of the beta‐amyloid fibrils on the PC12 cells were significantly reduced in the presence of endoperoxides. This observation, coupled with the fact that neither external oxygen, nor light is needed for this transformation, is very promising.

In this study, we have synthesized S-substituted benzothiazole derived thiazole bearing bis-Schiff base derivatives (1–19) and characterized via different spectroscopic techniques including NMR and HR-EIMS and then screened against α-amylase and α-glycosidase. All the analogues show excellent inhibitory capability. Analogues 1 (IC50 = 3.18 ± 0.72 µM and 2.30 ± 1.80 µM) and 4 (IC50 = 1.40 ± 0.59 µM and 2.10 ± 0.78 µM) were found to be the strongest among the all in contrast with standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 4.30 ± 0.18 and 6.45 ± 1.84 µM) for α-amylase and α-glycosidase. Some derivatives show good potency against both the enzymes while few were found moderately potent. For all the molecules structure–activity relationship was carried to determine the decrease/increase in potency due to steric hindrance, bulky nature, position, type, size, quantity of the substituent/s on phenyl rings. Molecular docking and ADME analysis were carried out to signify the binding interactions of the most potent derivatives with the active site of enzymes.

In the present work, formic acid was used as a low-cost and eco-friendly catalyst to synthesize 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HB) through a cycloaddition process in a solvent-free reaction medium. Imine molecule was synthesized with the help of acetic acid (B). The ring closure and formation of the thiazole moiety give acetic acid distinctiveness as a catalyst. The cyclization of fused HB failed without an acid catalyst. The chemical structures were characterized using microanalysis techniques such as IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. The obtained FT-IR spectra were compared to theoretical data using the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory. The electronic characteristics of molecules can be predicted utilizing wave function-dependent features, such as Average localized ionization energy (ALIE), Localized orbital locator (LOL), Electron localized function (ELF), Reduced density gradient (RDG), and Noncovalent interactions NCI studies, which have provided a wealth of knowledge. The molecular docking study was investigated to explore binding energy and interaction type. Docking analysis displayed binding energies (kcal/mol) of HB with values of -8.29, -6.80, -6.68, -7.43, and -6.69 of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butylcholinesterase (BuChE)), SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcription (HIV RT)) and cytochrome (P450), respectively, which was the most active compound against all receptors. The dramatic improvement of the proposed approach over the existing methods can be used to derive an efficient and successful route for the synthesis of HB. This process provides a fresh and high-yield method for the synthesis of benzimidazoles.

Alzheimer's dementia (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder adversely affecting elderly citizens worldwide, is an incurable disorder with no effective medication found till date. Taking into account the seriousness of this issue, imidazopyridine-based benzothiazole-oxadiazole hybrid derivatives were synthesized as anti-Alzheimer's agents. The efficacy of these scaffolds was compared with the standard Donepezil (IC50 = 14.47 ± 1.20 μM for AChE and 19.90 ± 2.40 μM for BuChE). All the novel scaffolds exhibited biological activity covering a range of IC50 = 6.70 ± 1.65 μM and 41.65 ± 7.20 μM for AChE and 6.40 ± 1.80 μM for AChE and 44.65 ± 7.40 μM for BuChE. Analog 6p having IC50 = 6.70 ± 1.65 μM for AChE and 6.40 ± 1.80 μM for BuChE was found as the lead candidate of the series with maximum inhibition due to presence of small sized and highly electronegative fluoro moieties, inhibiting the enzymes through effective hydrogen bonds. These effective interactions were also studied in molecular docking investigations of the lead compounds. Furthermore, ADME analysis conducted in this study assisted the drug likeness of the potent analogs. Synthetic and structural confirmation of the hybrid derivatives was achieved through 13C NMR, 1H NMR and HREI-MS.

In a one-pot tandem condensation reaction, three functional ionic liquids (ILs) derived from pyridinium were employed as green, reusable, and efficient catalysts for the synthesis of important medicinal chemistry derivatives such as 2-amino-4H-chromenes. Additionally, benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles were synthesized using these catalysts. The ILs were favored for their easy set-up, high yields, and short synthesis times for the desired products. Moreover, the ILs could be easily recovered and reuse multiple times without significant loss of catalytic activity. Characterization of the synthesized compound was achieved through FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, TGA and melting point analysis. The compounds were prepared with good to excellent isolated yields under mild conditions, while the synthesis of benzimidazoles and benzothiazole derivatives was successful at both reflux and room temperature conditions. Finally, each class of compound was described along with its corresponding synthesis mechanism.

We have developed a new series of various aryl amide derivatives of thiazole-benzothaizole-pyrimidines (13a-j). Their chemical structures were characterized by 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectral data. Further, in vitro anticancer properties of newly developed compounds 13a-j were investigated against four human cancer cell lines including MCF-7 (breast cancer), A549 (lung cancer), Colo-205 (colon cancer) & A2780 (ovarian cancer) by employing the MTT assay, and were compared with etoposide used as a standard reference. Most of the tested compounds displayed moderate to good anticancer activities compared to etoposide. The in vitro assay results indicated that compounds 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d possessed more potent activity as compared with the standard. One of the compounds, like 13a displayed superior anticancer activity.

In this study, a new heterocyclic compound incorporating a benzothiazole moiety was specifically designed for the detection of cyanate anions, employing a hydrogen bonding mechanism. Through strategic integration of triazine and phenylenediamine cyclic groups into the compound’s structure, intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between the donor and acceptor sites were enhanced, leading to exceptional sensitivity towards cyanate anions. Utilizing the amino-type excited-state intramolecular proton transfer phenomenon, this new compound exhibited dual signals and achieved a significant Stokes’ shift via proton transfer, coupled with aggregation-induced emission properties. This unique combination resulted in visible color changes and an impressive fluorescence response, offering a promising solution for the sensitive detection of cyanate ions in critical environmental matrices. Cyanate detection at low concentrations by this as-synthesized compound (L1), accompanied by a distinct color change and a gradual fluorescence increase upon incremental cyanate addition demonstrated L1’s selectivity, as confirmed in the presence of various competing anions F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, ClO3−{\text{ClO}}_{3}^{-}, ClO4−{\text{ClO}}_{4}^{-}, NO3−{\text{NO}}_{3}^{-}, BrO3−{\text{BrO}}_{3}^{-}, CN− and CNO−. Spectrofluorometric investigations demonstrated that L1 shows significant potential as a selective cyanate anion detection candidate.

Lymphoma, a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system—an essential element of the body's immune defense—has captured increased interest from modern researchers. This study, investigate the possible antilymphoma characteristics of benzo bisthiazole using both experimental and theoretical investigations at DFT/B3LYP-GD3BJ/6–311++G(d, p) level of theory. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the electronic and spectroscopic behavior of benzo[1,2_d:4,5] bisthiazole (BBT), given the diverse range of applications for thiazole derivatives. We investigate the impact of solvation on BBT's molecular structure, spectral characteristics, quantum chemical properties, vibrational modes, electronic features, and its interaction through molecular docking. Our findings reveal intriguing insights into BBT's reactivity, highlighting its enhanced reactivity in benzene with an energy gap of 4.6406 eV, while demonstrating greater stability in water with an energy gap of 4.6490 eV. Notably, the analysis of high-energy transitions reveals prevalent n-π* transitions, while some transitions, though absent in UV spectra due to their low oscillator strength, are also identified. The dominant transitions, constituting around 74.85 to 75.57% contribution, are characterized across various solvents, emphasizing their significance. Impressively, molecular docking underscores BBT's potential bioactivity against lymphoma, with a docking score of -6.3 kcal/mol. Moreover, the interaction analysis with 6TOF-BBT reveals favorable hydrogen bonding with essential amino acids, histidine (HIS: 116), and glycine (GLY:55), along the polypeptide chain A of the receptor. These hydrogen bonds are notably well-structured at bond distances of 2.75 Å and 2.99 Å, respectively, further elucidating BBT's unique interaction mechanisms.

Herein, we have reported the facile synthesis of various benzimidazole/ benzothiazole by using DBU–iodine–iodide as a green and simple catalyst. The R3NHI3 complexes have been formed by reacting an aqueous mixture of ammonium iodide and molecular iodine with the aqueous solution of amine. The structure of R3NHI3 complexes has been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. The prepared amine–iodine complexes were screened as a catalysts in the synthesis of benzimidazole/benzothiazoles. Among the screened catalysts DBUHI3 complex has been found as most efficient catalyst. The synthesis of benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles has been achieved with the reaction of ophenylene diamine/o-aminothiophenol and various substituted aryl aldehyde using DBUHI3 as a catalyst. The present protocol has offered some advantages over other reported protocols such as the mild reaction condition, commercially available precursors, inexpensive catalyst, short reaction time, the broad scope of the substrate, high yield, simple isolation of the product and environmentally benign method.

This research work represents a synthetic approach for the development of hybrids derivatives of oxadiazole-based benzothiazole (1–17) and diversity in derivatives was achieved using variety of aryl ring of S-substituted benzothiazole to see the effect on the biological activities. All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro α-glucosidase and urease inhibitory potential. The α-glucosidase and urease inhibition profile of the new derivatives represents moderate to good inhibitory potential with IC50 values ranging from 4.60 ± 1.20 µM to 48.40 ± 7.70 µM (α-glucosidase) and 8.90 ± 2.80 to 57.30 ± 7.70 µM (urease) respectively. The results were compared to standard acarbose (38.60 ± 4.50 µM) and thiourea (58.70 ± 6.80 µM) drugs respectively. Among the synthesized series, the analogs 1 having IC50 values of and 4.60 ± 1.20 (α-glucosidase), 8.90 ± 2.80 (urease) and 2 with IC50 values of 5.60 ± 1.60 (α-glucosidase) and 10.90 ± 2.10(urease) were found to be significantly active against targeted α-glucosidase and urease enzymes. The structure of all the newly synthetics scaffolds were confirmed by using different types of spectroscopic techniques such as HREI-MS, 1H- and 13C- NMR spectroscopy. The molecular docking studies of the synthesized derivatives showed good correlations with the experimental findings. The binding modes of active compounds and their interactions with active site residues revealed them as possible anti-diabetics and anti-urease leads. The degree of activity and docking studies displayed by the novel innovative structural hybrids of oxadiazole-based benzothiazole moieties make these compounds new active leads and promising candidates for the development of anti-diabetics and anti-urease agents.

NiFe2O4 nanoparticles are modified by graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and utilized to stabilize the Al(III) nanoparticles as a novel magnetically retrievable catalytic system (Al(III)/GQDs/NiFe2O4) for green formation of benzothiazoles by means of aromatic aldehydes and 2-aminothiophenol reaction. The prepared catalyst can be isolated assisted by the assistance of an external magnet and recovered for five courses without significant reduction in its efficiency. The as-prepared magnetic heterogeneous nanocomposite was characterized by UV–Vis, FT-IR, XRD, EDS, VSM, TEM, and ICP. Performing the reactions in environmentally friendly and affordable conditions (water), the low catalyst percentage, high yield of products, short reaction times, and easy workup are the merits of this protocol.

The fluorescent turn-on detection of metal ions is highly desirable for public health and environmental security. Herein, we report a rationally designed fluorescent probe (1) for the detection of Cu2+ synthesized by integrating 2-hydrazinylbenzothiazole with 3-acetyl-7-hydroxycoumarin. The probe alone is non-fluorescent due to the isomerization of C=N in the excited state. The addition of Cu2+ can cause a delayed fluorescence enhancement. A comparative study of 1 and its analogues indicated that the turn-on fluorescence response was thanks to the sulfur atom coordinating to Cu2+. The response delay of 1 in sensing Cu2+ was ascribed to the gradual transition from N-coordination to S-coordination (N and S in thiazole moiety). The proposed new function of S-donor would provide a new approach for the turn-on fluorescence sensation of Cu2+.

Benzoxazole and benzothiazole have a broad spectrum of agricultural biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, and herbicidal activities, which are important fused heterocyclic scaffold structures in agrochemical discovery. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, especially in the development of herbicides and insecticides. With the widespread use of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, there may be more new products containing benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in the future. We systematically reviewed the application of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in discovering new agrochemicals in the past two decades and summarized the antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, herbicidal, and insecticidal activities of the active compounds. We also discussed the structural–activity relationship and mechanism of the active compounds. This work aims to provide inspiration and ideas for the discovery of new agrochemicals based on benzoxazole and benzothiazole.

An efficient and convenient synthesis of benzoxazole/benzothiazole-substituted esters in a one-pot strategy is reported. In this investigation, a selective construction of C-N and C-S bonds via simple addition is performed. Thus, using substituted 2-aminophenols/2-aminobenzenethiols, TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and α,β-unsaturated esters as starting substrates, C-N and C-S bonds can be selectively constructed by means of the Michael addition reaction. This protocol features high selectivity, high atomic economy, mild conditions, good functional tolerance and good to excellent yields, showing the potential value for the preparation of some biologically and pharmaceutically active compounds.

Herein, a novel supramolecular probe 4-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-2-(benzothiazol-2-yl) phenol (1) has been described, where assimilation of benzothiazole unit with azo functionality led to innovative electrochemical and optical response towards anions. The successful formation was confirmed using 1HNMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. This rationally planned receptor 1 exhibits multi recognition modes in showing selectivity towards AcO- and F- anions by both visual and absorption processes; while I- is sensed selectively via redox mechanism. The multi recognition mechanisms were thoroughly documented by DFT giving an insight picture of the mode of interaction of the anions in HOMO-LUMO energy levels ultimately affecting the activity of the designed benzothiazole moiety. Optimization of various parameters related to redox response was also analyzed by Taguchi method to minimize the effect of uncontrollable variables. Lower detection limit for the anions by different response mechanisms in a single moiety enhances the future possibility of an economic and time saving multichannel chemosensor.

Benzothiazole (BTA) and benzimidazole (BIA) derivatives are unique structures having extensive applications in material sciences, medicinal chemistry, and supramolecular chemistry in addition to their immense utilization in diverse fields, which provide sufficient impetus to develop facile synthetic methods. Bearing the prominence of these vital scaffolds in mind, herein we revealed a simple yet straightforward method without involving any external catalyst as well as conventional volatile organic solvent to assemble a vast variety of 2-substituted BTA/BIA derivatives through the condensation of 2-aminobenzenethiol and/or o-phenylenediamine with aliphatic/aromatic aldehydes in presence of low melting mixtures. In this study, although, diverse deep eutectic mixtures were tested but N,N′-dimethyl urea (DMU) with L-(+)-tartaric acid (TA) in 7:3 ratio and citric acid (CA) with DMU in 4:6 ratio were found to be the best choices. Hopefully, the present method will be useful to generate diverse heterocyclic systems and will boost the applicability of deep eutectic mixtures in modern organic syntheses.

In recent times cancer has become one of the leading causes of death. Globally around 11 million deaths are reported every year due to cancer. Some clinically approved anticancer drugs play a riveting role in its treatment. Still, due to the severe emergence of drug resistance, side effect, and multidrug-resistant cancers due to mutations, the demand for novel, potent and safe candidates as an anticancer agent possessing diverse mechanisms of action is always there. In medicinal chemistry, over the last decade, various heterocyclic derivatives and their structural hybrids were explored and reported frequently in literature; these derivatives have received substantial attention as anticancer agents. In which nitrogen and sulfur-bearing heterocyclic moiety, Benzothiazole emerged as significant and versatile heterocycles for developing novel anticancer candidates. The medicinal chemist widely explores Aminobenzthiazole, Mercaptobenzthiazole, and 2-arylbenzothiazole in search of potent compounds. Here, in this review, we have covered advances of aminobenzothiazole, mercaptobenzothiazole scaffold bearing derivatives along with their structural hybrids as potent anticancer agents, which have been reported recently. We have also discussed a detailed account of the structure-activity relationship, which will provide a framework for drug discovery and design.

Novel strategies to optimize the photophysical properties of organic fluorophores are of great significance to the design of imaging probes to interrogate biology. While the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT) fluorophore has attracted considerable attention in the field of fluorescence imaging, its short emission in the blue region and low quantum yield restrict its wide application. Herein, by mimicking the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) effect, we designed a series of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT) derivatives by complexing the heteroatoms therein with a boron atom to enhance the chance of the tautomerized keto-like resonance form. This strategy significantly red-shifted the emission wavelengths of HBT, greatly enhanced its quantum yields, and caused little effect on molecular size. Typically, compounds 12B and 13B were observed to emit in the near-infrared region, making them among the smallest organic structures with emission above 650 nm.

Acetamides (S30A1 and S30) were synthesized from benzo[d]thiazol-2-amine and 6-nitrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine by direct use of acetic acid instead of acetylating agents. The usual acetylating agents, acetic anhydride and acetyl chloride are very unstable especially because of their high sensitivity to environmental moisture. Thus, acetylation by direct use of acetic acid was searched as an alternative approach for synthesizing acetanilides. In this study, acetamides were synthesized with a yield of 88% and 82% respectively. The synthesized compounds were then screened for antifungal activity. At a concentration of 300 µg/disc, S30A1 showed 18 mm, 28 mm, 20 mm, and 16 mm zone of inhibitions against Penicillium notatum, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger, respectively. The standard miconazole was used at 50 µg/disc concentration. An in silico analysis was done for the possible binding modes in the C. albicans N-myristoyltransferase enzyme.

Aedes aegypti is associated with the transmission of numerous human and animal diseases, such as yellow fever, dengue fever, chikungunya, and more recently Zika virus. Emerging insecticide resistance has created a need to develop new mosquitocidal agents for effective control operations. A series of benzothiazole-piperidine derivatives (1-24) were investigated for their larvicidal and adulticidal effects on Ae. aegypti It was observed that compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 13 showed notable larvicidal activity. Furthermore, compounds 6 and 10 showed promising adulticidal activity. Based on the mosquitocidal properties of these compounds, docking studies were also carried out in the active site of the AeSCP2 enzyme to explore any insights into further in vitro enzyme studies. Docking results indicated that all these active compounds showed reasonable interactions with critical residues in the active site of this enzyme. This outcome suggested that these compounds might show their larvicidal and adulticidal effects via the inhibition of AeSCP2. According to in vitro and in silico studies, compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 13 stand out as candidates for further studies.

The present report is based on straightforward synthesis of molecular palladium complexes of benzothiazole based bulky ligands. Catalytic potential of 1[Pd(L1)2Cl2] and 2[Pd(L2)2Cl2] has been screened for Suzuki coupling. Due to structural difference between 1 and 2 (anthracen-9-yl in 1, and pyren-1-yl in 2), they behave as designers pre-catalysts and show different catalytic behaviour and nature by dispensing the nanoparticles of different materials (PdS by 1 and Pd16S7 by 2). This is an unprecedented observation as the size of the aryl substituent controls the efficiency (efficiency: 1 > 2) through determining the composition and nature of insitu generated nanoparticles.

The evaluation of the ecotoxicological effects of water pollutants is performed by using different aquatic organisms. The effects of seven compounds belonging to a class of widespread contaminants, the benzo-fused nitrogen heterocycles, on a group of simple organisms employed in reference ISO tests on water quality (unicellular algae and luminescent bacteria) have been assessed to ascertain their suitability in revealing different contamination levels in the water, wastewater, and sediments samples. Representative compounds of benzotriazoles, benzothiazoles, and benzenesulfonamides, were tested at a concentration ranging from 0.01 to 100 mg L−1. In particular, our work was focused on the long-term effects, for which little information is up to now available. Species-specific sensitivity for any whole family of pollutants was not observed. On average, the strongest growth rate inhibition values were expressed by the freshwater Raphidocelis subcapitata and the marine Phaeodactylum tricornutum algae. R. subcapitata was the only organism for which growth was affected by most of the compounds at the lowest concentrations. The tests on the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fisheri gave completely different results, further underlining the need for an appropriate selection of the best biosensors to be employed in biotoxicological studies.

Benzothiazole moieties substituted with various functional groups were utilized to link with the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine through a pentyl side chain. Entitled analogs were screened for antioxidant potency using the DPPH and ABTS bioassays and for their in vitro anticancer activities against HeLa, CaSki (cervical cancer), and SK-OV-3 (ovarian cancer) cell lines using the SRB bioassay. The compounds were evaluated for their toxicity to the Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line. The final compounds demonstrated significant antioxidant potency with IC50 levels of 13.03–24.50 μg/mL and 4.958–7.570 μg/mL in the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging bioassays, respectively. The 5e analog with a methoxy functional group and the 5m analog with a cyano functional group had the most significant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, respectively. Moreover, the 5m cyano-based analog had the highest potency against all cancer cell lines, with IC50 levels of 5.474, 5.311, and 32.61 μg/mL against the HeLa, CaSki, and SK-OV-3 cell lines, respectively. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

A couple of benzothiazole-imino-benzoic acid Schiff Bases namely (E)-2-((benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzoic acid and (E)-2-(((5nitrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)imino)methyl)-benzoic acid, derived from amino-benzothiazole, 2-formylbenzoic acid. A series of complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal ions based on these ligands, have been synthesized and characterized through elemental analyses, FT-IR, NMR, UV/vis and mass spectroscopy. The preparation of ligands as well as their metal complexes has been accomplished under mild conditions with reasonably good to high yields. These complexes are obtained through complete precipitation which led to their easy separation and optimum purity. Both the ligands and complexes show good antimicrobial activity against human epidemic causing bacterial strains (1143) which causes infection in mouth, lungs breast, gastrointestinal tract (4300) and nosocomial infections (741).

Abstract Gold ions are very important in chemistry and materials science owing to their various uses in chemical reactions as well as industrial and biological applications. In this study, we developed a novel reaction-based probe (GP), which is a thiocarbonate derivative of the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole dye, for the selective and sensitive determination of Au3+. The probe GP showed turn-on fluorescence signaling behavior toward Au3+ ions triggered by the metal-induced hydrolysis of the thiocarbonate group. Interference from other thiophilic ions, Ag+ and Hg2+, was effectively eliminated by using bromide ions as a masking agent. Prominent off–on type fluorescent sensing of Au3+ over other coexisting metal ions was possible with a detection limit of 4.8 × 10−8 M (9.5 ppb). Fluorescence sensing of Au3+ by GP was fast and applicable over a wide pH range between 4.0 and 10.5. Application of the probe to the analysis of Au3+ in synthetic wastewater was conducted using an easily accessible smartphone. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Au3+-selective fluorescent probe based on thiocarbonate derivative was developed. • Au3+ sensing was realized by metal-induced hydrolysis of the thiocarbonate group. • Interference from Ag+ and Hg2+ was eliminated using bromide as a masking agent. • Analysis of Au3+ ions in synthetic wastewater was possible using a smartphone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An easy synthetic protocol for the synthesis of biologically active benzimidazole, benzothiazole and benzoxazole derivatives has been demonstrated using a hybrid crystal NH3(CH2)4NH3SiF6 as a mild and efficient heterogeneous catalyst. Short reaction times, solvent-free conditions, good to excellent yields, easy reusability and use of an eco-friendly catalyst are some of the significant attributes of the present method.

A series of 2-(4-amino-2-aryl/alkylaminothiazol-5-oyl) benzothiazole derivatives were synthesized from amidinothioureas and 2-(2-bromoacetyl)benzothiazole with triethylamine. Their structures were established on the basis of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analyses. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal and antimycobacterial potential. All the compounds showed significant activity against the microorganisms tested.

Human 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 is a multifunctional protein involved in many enzymatic and structural processes within mitochondria. This enzyme was suggested to be involved in several neurological diseases, e.g., mental retardation, Parkinson’s disease, or Alzheimer’s disease, in which it was shown to interact with the amyloid-beta peptide. We prepared approximately 60 new compounds based on a benzothiazolyl scaffold and evaluated their inhibitory ability and mechanism of action. The most potent inhibitors contained 3-chloro and 4-hydroxy substitution on the phenyl ring moiety, a small substituent at position 6 on the benzothiazole moiety, and the two moieties were connected via a urea linker (4at, 4bb, and 4bg). These compounds exhibited IC50 values of 1−2 μM and showed an uncompetitive mechanism of action with respect to the substrate, acetoacetyl-CoA. These uncompetitive benzothiazolyl inhibitors of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 are promising compounds for potential drugs for neurodegenerative diseases that warrant further research and development.