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Reactions involving sodium bis(2ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) have been found to be useful as a surfactant that spontaneously aggregates into reverse micelles and water-in-oil microemulsions without the aid of a cosurfactant. Experiments in isooctane have revealed the presence of a charge transfer complex between bromine and monomeric AOT. This is in agreement with a very strong donor ability of AOT due to its sulfonate headgroup.

A fixed-point charge potential model for water was developed. The model characterizes the vapor-liquid coexistence properties namely saturated vapor and liquid densities, vapor pressures and liquid structure of water. The Buckingham exponential-6 potential model was utilized to describe the nonpolar interactions. Critical temperature was recorded at within 0.2%, critical density at 8% and saturated liquid densities to an average of 2.5%. The model may be useful in understanding environmental remediation, biological systems and separation phenomena.

Experiments were performed to describe the cluster-surface collision dynamics. The kinetics of water cluster collisions on graphite surfaces was examined. Angular distributions for negative cluster ions were measured at surface temperatures of 1280-1450 K. The findings demonstrate sharply peaked angular distributions close to the tangential direction. During the surface interaction, the water clusters conserved 65-85% of their velocity parallel to the surface plane. The surface normal direction recorded a velocity of 75-100 m/s independent of incident angle.

An examination of ferric ion hydrolysis serves to test the applicability of theoretical tools that have been introduced for modeling speciation of metal ions in aqueous solution. Results are encouraging because computations of the hydrolysis reaction free energies were found to be accurate and conform to experimental thermochemistries. However, certain issues still have to be dealt with to further the description of chemical systems in molecular terms.

The modelization of the OH stretching band by three Gaussian components was found to be the most efficient decomposition and as an adequate smoothing method. This was found in an application of two independent methods to interpret the shape and the intensity of the water OH stretching vibration band in a Fourier transform infrared study of water states in Aerosol-OT (AOT) reverse micelles as a function of the water content. A Langmuir adsorption isotherm model best satisfies the criteria for a model for determining the number of water molecules bound per AOT polar head. These are their ability to fit the experimental data, to reproduce the effect of the AOT concentration, and to examine the influence of the counterion forming the ion pair with AOT.

A study is conducted on the temperature dependence of the ionic product of water, pKw. It is shown that solvation free energies help make water molecules less dissociative as temperatures increase while electronic reorganization energy promotes dissociation with increasing temperature. Temperature dependence is also determined by the characteristics of the electronic structure of OH-.

The ionic exchange in a lithium chloride methanol-water solution system was measured using an equation based on the Toerell, Meyer, and Sievers theory. Permeability coefficients of the charged membranes were calculated using the charge densities and the cation-to-anion mobility ratios found in previous studies. In addition, the interaction between the ion pairs and the counterion and fixed charge groups were determined. The findings demonstrate that the regulation of ionic mobility in the sample solution was caused by the weight fraction of methanol.