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A possibility of lowering the formation of trans-isomers during hydrogenation of vegetable oils over a low-loaded palladium catalyst supported on activated diatomite was studied. The comparison to the commercial nickel catalyst led to establish that the activated diatomite is a promising support of the catalyst for hydrogenation of plant oil. Palladium particles of 2–10 nm in size (3–6 nm particles predominated) were shown to be uniformly distributed over the support surface. It was shown experimentally that the Pd catalyst was more active and selective at low temperature than the nickel catalyst to provide two-fold decrease in the concentration of trans-isomers in the hydrogenated fat.

Sulfur is a nonmetallic element necessary for life. Sulfur nanopartieles display unique physical and chemical feature because of effects such as the quantum size effect, mini size effect, surface effect and macro-quantum tunnel effect. So sulfur nanoparticles would present higher efficacies such as removal of heavy metals, radical-scavenging, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant and antitumor activities. It is used as a fungicide product in agriculture, also used in medicine, to obtain sulfur fertilizers and cosmetics industries, as well as in obtaining nanocomposite lithium batteries. In synthesis of sulfur nanowires with carbon to from hybrid materials with useful properties for gas sensor and catalytic applications. This work presents the results of obtaining the sulfur nanoparticles, which can be used in agriculture as a fungicide treatment. Sulfur nanoparticles were obtained by modifying the surface of sulfur by various surfactants including cetyltriammoniumbromide (CTABr), Sulfanol, Sodium Ligninsulfonate (CMN), Sodium salt of polynaphthalene sulphonic acid (NNO), water soluble polymer sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), mineral mixtures and their compositions. The size and the structure of sulfur nanoparticles were determined by methods as LSA, XRD, SEM. Been studied the value of adsorption at the interface of solid/gas. It is shown that the nanoparticles have a sulfur monoclinic B-form, and their average size is in the range 500-1000 nm. The received products can be considered as perspective forms of application in agriculture.