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Abstract: In this work, a novel temperature control scheme is derived for an ideal heat-integrated distillation column (ideal HIDiC), in which a temperature difference between two stages is designated as the controlled variable to circumvent the side-effect of continuous pressure variations in the rectifying section. For making an appropriate compensation to the changes in operating conditions, an inferential signal extracted from the feed stage, , is used to adjust the set-point of the temperature difference controller. Control of two ideal HIDiCs, separating, respectively, a binary mixture of benzene and toluene and an ideal ternary mixture of hypothetical components A–C is studied. It is demonstrated that the proposed temperature control scheme can retain a stable operation around the vicinity of the nominal steady state with improved dynamic performance and tolerable steady state discrepancies in comparison with the direct composition control scheme. Moreover, the proposed temperature control scheme is also found to be quite robust to the selection of temperature measurements. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]