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Vestibular papillomatosis (VP) is considered as an anatomical variant of vulva and suggested as counterpart of pearly penile papules in males. The condition, approximately present in about 1% of women, is characterized by pink, smooth, small papules located around the labia minor and vaginal introitus. Although it usually shows no symptoms, some women suffer from complaints such as itching, burning, sensitivity, and pain. Despite human papillomavirus has been accused in the etiology, no outcomes are found to support this association. The similarity of VP to genital warts leads to unnecessary examinations and treatments, thus causing anxiety in patients. Here, we present a case with 37 weeks of pregnancy, who is planned to undergo cesarean section due to diagnosis of genital warts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The primary goal of the present study was to demonstrate the existence of a possible circadian variation in urgent operative deliveries. Methods: All urgent caesarean sections between 1 January 2014 and 1 January 2015 with known exact onset times of operation were included in this retrospective study. Cases that were previously scheduled for elective caesarean section were excluded. Information regarding age, delivery date, onset time of operation and type of anaesthesia was collected from the database. Analyses were completed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20.0 software. The statistical significance for all analyses was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 285 urgent caesarean section deliveries were included in the study. There were 126 (44.2%) deliveries during the day shift and 159 (55.8%) during the night shift. 80 patients (28.1%) received general anaesthesia and 65 (22.8%) received spinal anaesthesia in the morning shift, whereas 54 patients (18.9%) received general anaesthesia and 86 (30.2%) received spinal anaesthesia during the night shift. Conclusion: The present study suggested that urgent caesarean sections revealed a circadian rhythm during the day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]