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Time‐resolved spectroscopic study of the photoluminescence response to femtosecond pulse excitation and free carrier absorption at different wavelengths, thermally stimulated luminescence measurements and investigation of differential absorption are applied to amend the available data on excitation transfer in GAGG:Ce scintillators, and an electronic energy‐level diagram in this single crystal is suggested to explain the influence of codoping with divalent Mg on luminescence kinetics and light yield. The conclusions are generalized by comparison of the influence of aliovalent doping in garnets (GAGG:Ce) and oxyorthosilicates (LSO:Ce and YSO:Ce). In both cases, the codoping facilitates the energy transfer to radiative Ce3+ centers, while the light yield is increased in the LYSO:Ce system but reduced in GAGG:Ce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GGAG:Ce crystals with various Ca concentrations were grown by the Czochralski technique. The introduction of Ca2+ ions into a trivalent site results in a change in the Ce valence state as well as an additional F+ luminescence center. The changes of Ce valence state could be affected by various annealing atmospheres and were investigated via measuring the Ce3+ absorbance and observing the color change of the sample. Photoluminescence spectra and photoluminescence decay were used to reveal the occurrence of F+ center related to the oxygen vacancies during the annealing. A redox mechanism and a charge compensation process are proposed to explain the change in Ce state charge and F+ center during the annealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence properties of Gd2SiO5:Ce,Ca crystals was found to be significantly affected by Ca codoping and shows that presence of additional energy levels in these crystals provides nonradiative energy transfer. The excitation and emission bands also broaden with codoping due to presence of these additional energy levels. Therefore Ca codoping in Gd2SiO5 crystals decreases the scintillation decay very strongly and has a strong adverse affect on scintillation light yield, different from the effect in other members of the oxyorthosilicate family such as Lu2SiO5 and Y2SiO5. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Experimental studies of LSO:Ce crystals co-doped with various concentrations of Ca are presented. Photoluminescence decay time, excitation and emission spectra, thermal response and X-ray excited luminescence are investigated as a function of Ca concentration. Experimental data show Ca co-doping does not alter the energy level structure of either Ce1 or Ce2, but reduces the relative population of Ce2 to Ce1. Thus, the luminescence from Ce2 is suppressed, which contributes to the fast scintillation decay of Ca co-doped LSO:Ce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]