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Aim: The present study aimed to examine the effect of mothering handling training (mothers learn to provide caring in the more right manner) at home on the motor functions of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: In this single-blind randomized control trial study, 40 children with CP (6-72 months old) were recruited from rehabilitative clinics of Tehran; Iran and were divided randomly into two groups of intervention (with mothering handling training and home adaptation) and control. The Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM-66) and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale Test (PDMS-R) were used to collect data. analysis of covariance test was used for data analysis. Results: There was a significant difference in terms of gross motor function improvement between the two groups and it was greater in the intervention group (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in the fine motor development between the two groups (p = 0.064). Conclusion: Although mothering handling training is not a common practice worldwide it can improve gross motor function of children with CP and for a more enhanced level of evidence it is suggested to conduct the same study on a larger population.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in children. These children require long-term therapy for achieving better motor function. It seems that treatment and training at home is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of handling training of mothers at home on fine motor skill development of children with CP. In this single-blind randomized clinical trial study, 40 children (ages 5-12 years old) with CP were recruited from some of Tehran's rehabilitation clinics based on predetermined inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to intervention groups (with handling training of mothers at home) and control (without handling training) groups. Data were collected using the Gross Motor Function Classification System, Manual Ability Classification System, and the fine-motor component of the Bruninks-Oseretsky Test of motor proficiency. Although both groups showed improvement in fine motor skill development (p < 0.001), improvement in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). Mothers handling training at home improved fine motor skills development of children with CP.

Introduction: The issue of the health status of mothers of children with disability is one that is beginning to be addressed more fully. This study aimed to explore the process of health in mothers during caregiving of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Method: A qualitative research method with a grounded theory approach was used, including purposive and theoretical sampling. A constant comparative analysis method was adopted, and data were gathered from 15 mothers with CP children through interviews. Results: The results were grouped into six main categories: Self-neglecting of their health, facing challenges in caring their children, physical and psychosocial damages, perceiving threat of health problems from concern to action, trying to regain their health, and caring in a complex context. "Facing challenges in caring" was extracted as a core concept. Conclusion: Results showed an urgent need to establish family-centered services in clinical settings and change the "way of thinking" of the health provider system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the outbreak of the novel pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 worldwide, numerous pediatric rehabilitation clinics have closed to support social and physical distancing, and therapists similar to other individuals are staying at their homes. There is a common concern of parents and caregivers that how and with what quality children's rehabilitation exercises should proceed. Most children with neurological diseases have problems, such as muscle spasticity, range of motion (ROM) limitation, muscle shortening, balance loss, and mobility and movement impairments. The normalization of muscle tone, preservation of ROM, muscle stretch, and improvement of fine and gross motor skills and balance are essential activities that need to be considered. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the necessities of a home-based rehabilitation exercise program during the quarantine period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common pediatric disorder that results in a wide range of motor and functional problems that impose mobility limitations, decrease the quality of movement, negatively affect physical activity participation, self-care, and academic performance, and ultimately result in social isolation and negative self-evaluation. Despite abundant evidence of motor function, very few studies investigated all aspects of self-evaluation or described the relationship between motor function and self in individuals with CP. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between functional motor status and self-evaluation in individuals with CP. A systematic search was performed in six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, OTseeker, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar) for English language articles from any date to May 2019. Screening, selection, and quality assessment were conducted by two authors independently. All studies recruiting individuals with CP and using functional motor status and self-evaluation tests were included. The AXIS checklist was used for the quality assessment of included studies. As all data sources were generated by published studies, ethical approval was not applicable to the present study. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria. These studies investigated the relationship between functional motor status and self-esteem and self-concept. Based on the AXIS, three articles were identified as high quality and four as low quality. The result of the present review showed that there was no relationship between self-concept and functional motor status in individuals with CP, while there was a significant relationship between self-esteem and functional motor status. More studies are required to shed light on other aspects of self and relationship of self-evaluation with motor function in individuals with CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mirror therapy using visual feedback is one of the non-invasive methods along with other commonly used rehabilitation treatments for neurological patients which therapeutic effects on the affected upper limb of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have also been studied. We aimed to examine the effect of mirror therapy on improving the dexterity and grasp of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Materials & Methods In this single-blind clinical trial, 30 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy in rehabilitation centers and special schools of Tabriz, northwest of Iran were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups in 2017. The children of the intervention group were under mirror therapy for 6 weeks. Occupational therapy exercise was done routinely for both groups. The grasp with dynamometer and the dexterity with box and block was measured. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and paired t-test. Results The mean scores of the two groups in dexterity were significantly different after the intervention (P=0.008). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in grasp. Conclusion Mirror therapy in hemiplegic children is useful in improving the dexterity but not in improving of the grasp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Kinesio taping is a relatively new technique, which uses in rehabilitation of neurologic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Kinesio taping on hand grip and active range of motion of hand in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Materials and Methods In this experimental study with pre-test and three post-tests, 32 children with CP randomly were placed in experimental (n=17) and control group (n=15).Kinesio taping was applied on dorsum of forearm and hand. Evaluation was performed initially, two days after taping and two days after tape removal. Goniometer was used to evaluate active range of motion of wrist extension. In addition, vigorimeter was used to evaluate of grip strength. Results In pre-test, there was no difference between groups but in post-tests; initially after application of taping with P<0.05, two days after application of taping with P<0.05 and follow-up (two days after removed taping) with P<0.05 were significant differences between trial and control group. Conclusion Kinesio taping in neurorehabilitation of children with CP can be a useful option to promote power or grip strength and active range of motion of wrist and thumb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study was conducted in an Iranian context to explore the co-occupations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy as experienced by them. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis methodology. Sixteen mothers of children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. Data was collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Constant comparative analysis was deployed for data analysis. Results: The results were classified into nine sub-categories and four main categories that were identified as (1) coping with self-care problems, (2) effort to gain treatment follow-up, (3) coping challenges of educational care, and (4) limited parental personal leisure time. Conclusion: Understanding the challenges of caring for a child with cerebral palsy and the experiences of mothers when engaging in co-occupations with their child, provides a broader perspective of the potential impact on participation and engagement of mothers. However, more research is required to understand the various factors influencing participation and co-occupations and interaction effects between these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Tissue-specific stem cells divide to generate different cell types for the purpose of tissue repair in the adult. The aim of this study was to detect the significance of neurogenesis in the central nervous system in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Materials & Methods A search was made in Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar from 1995 to February 2011. The outcomes measured in the review were classified to origins, proliferation, and migration of new neurons, and neurogenesis in CP. Results According to the review of articles, neurogenesis persists in specific brain regions throughout lifetime and can be enhanced from endogenous progenitor cells residing in the subventricular zone by growth factors or neurotrophic factors and rehabilitation program. Conclusion Most of the studies have been conducted in the laboratory and on animals, more work is required at the basic level of stem cell biology, in the development of human models, and finally in well-conceived clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Dalvand H, Dehghan L, Hadian MR, Feizy A, Hosseini SA. Relationship between gross motor and intellectual function in children with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study. Objective: To explore the relationship between gross motor and intellectual function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Occupational therapy clinic. Participants: Children with CP (N=662; 281 girls, 381 boys; age range, 3–14y). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Intelligence testing was carried out by means of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Revised. Gross motor function level was determined by the Gross Motor Function Classification System Expanded and Revised (GMFCS E&R). Results: Of the children, 10.4% were at level I of the GMFCS E&R, 38% at levels II and III, and 51.5% at levels IV and V. The lowest level of intelligence or profound intellectual disability was found in children with spastic quadriplegia (n=28, 62.2%). Children at the lowest levels (I–IV, GMFCS E&R) obtained higher ratings in terms of intelligence in comparison with children at level V. Based on the present results, the diagnosis was statistically related to the intellectual level as dependent variable (P<.01); accordingly, hypotonic, quadriplegic, and hemiplegic patients had the highest odds to assign higher ratings in abnormal intelligence, respectively. Sex and age were not statistically related to the dependent variable. Conclusions: The study results demonstrated a significant association between GMFCS E&R and intellectual function. Therefore, we suggest that particular attention should be paid to the intellectual level in terms of evaluations of gross motor function. These results, in respect, might be interested for occupational and physical therapists who are involved in rehabilitation programs for these children. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article presents a study which investigates the effect of the Bobath technique, conductive education (CE), and education to parents in activities of daily living (ADLs) in children with cerebral palsy in Iran. The study selected 45 children with cerebral palsy and allocated them into three groups. The results have shown that the ADL skills in children with cerebral palsy were improved by the Bobath technique, CE and education to parents.