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Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the socio-demographic characteristics of the children with cerebral palsy and their parents on parental behaviors, and attitudes. Method: Mothers of 50 children aged 1-6 years with cerebral palsy, whose treatments continued or to be started and mothers of 50 healthy children without epilepsy, neurological disability, and chronic disease were included in the study. Socio-demographic characteristics of each of these three groups were compared with the "chi square Test". "Mann-Whitney U Test" was used for the comparison of the data related to parental child-rearing attitudes. The Statistical Package of Social Sciences was used for the statistical analysis. Results: According to the findings obtained in our study; the "overprotective" dimension was not different in mothers in both CP groups. Apart from the "overprotective" dimension, "equality-sharing", "rejection of being a housewife", "pousal incompatibility" and "oppression-discipline" dimensions were not significantly different between the two groups. The reason for the low level of working mothers in CP groups is parallel to their education level, suggesting that mothers do not work in order to be more interested in their children. It is thought that there is a direct proportional relationship between chronic illness and protectionism of mothers not being happy at home and chores and afraid of harming their children. The results of the study point out that at two CP groups there were no difference between parental child rearing attitudes for all dimensions of the PARI. Conclusion: As a result of our study, while focusing on motor activities of children with CP in diagnosis and treatment, it suggests that accompanying emotional and behavioral problems are mostly secondary, and emphasizes the importance of psychological counseling service in ensuring the adaptation of the family and children to the disease and guiding the attitudes and behaviors of the parents towards their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Oral motor dysfunction is a common issue in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Drooling, difficulties with sucking, swallowing, and chewing are some of the problems often seen. In this study, we aimed to research the effect of oral motor therapy on pediatric CP patients with feeding problems. Materials and Methods: Included in this single centered, randomized, prospective study were 81 children aged 12-42 months who had been diagnosed with CP, had oral motor dysfunction and were observed at the Pediatric Neurology outpatient clinic of the Children's Health and Diseases Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University. Patients were randomized into two groups: The training group and the control group. One patient from the training group dropped out of the study because of not participating regularly. Following initial evaluation of all patients by a blinded physiotherapist and pedagogue, patients in the training group participated in 1 h oral motor training sessions with a different physiotherapist once a week for 6 months. All patients kept on routine physiotherapy by their own physiotherapists. Oral motor assessment form, functional feeding assessment (FFA) subscale of the multidisciplinary feeding profile (MFP) and the Bayley scales of infant development (BSID.II) were used to evaluate oral motor function, swallowing, chewing, the gag reflex, the asymmetrical tonic neck reflex, tongue, jaw, and mouth function, severity of drooling, aspiration, choking, independent feeding and tolerated food texture during the initial examination and 6 months later. Results: When the initial and post.therapy FFA and BSID.II scores received by patients in the training and the study group were compared, the training group showed a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Oral motor therapy has a beneficial effect on feeding problems in children with CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This prospective study aimed to evaluate long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes and risk factors of the previously reported cohort, at their school age. We included neonates whose seizures were directly observed by the child neurologist or neonatologist based on clinical observations. They were assessed for cognitive and neurological outcomes at the age of 9–11 years. The test battery included a neurological examination, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised (WISC-R) test, and patients with the diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) were graded according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The primary outcome of this study was to determine risk factors for the long-term prognosis of neonatal seizures. For the long-term follow-up, 97 out of 112 patients of the initial cohort were available (86.6%). We found that 40 patients (41%) have the normal prognosis, 22 patients (22.7%) have the diagnosis of CP, and 30 patients (30.9%) were diagnosed as having epilepsy. Twelve out of 22 patients with CP had the diagnosis of epilepsy. The WISC-R full-scale IQ scores were < 55 points in 27 patients (27.8%) and were > 85 points in 40 patients (41.2%). According to GMFCS, 10 patients were classified as levels 1–2, and 12 patients were classified as levels 3–5. In multivariate regression analyses, 5-min APGAR score < 6 was found to be an independent risk factor for CP, and 5-min APGAR score < 6 and neonatal status epilepticus were independent risk factors for epilepsy. This prospective cohort study reveals that abnormal school age outcome after neonatal seizures are significantly related to 5-min APGAR score < 6 and neonatal status epilepticus. • Neonatal status epilepticus is significantly related to epilepsy in patients who are in school age. • Perinatal asphyxia was the major risk factor for cerebral palsy. • Bayley-3 is a good predictor for the verbal and performance scores of WISC-R test in school age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]