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Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with metabolic disturbances and liver dysfunction. Both serum fatty acids (FA) and ceramides (Cer) have structural functions but also are signal molecules that could be involved in the pathogenesis of liver dysfunction. Aim: To assess the concentration of the circulating FA and Cer in correlation with the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) blood level in psoriatic patients. In addition, we have examined the relationship between ALT concentration and severity of the disease and inflammation markers. Material and methods: Eighty-five patients with psoriasis and 32 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to ALT blood levels. Serum concentration of 14 FA and 14 Cer were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The results were correlated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), serum lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. Results: We observed higher PASI score (p = 0.01) and higher C-reactive protein (p = 0.02) concentration in the group of psoriatic patients with high ALT. Serum ALT positively correlated with saturated fatty acids (SFA) (p = 0.01, r = 0.27) and SFA/unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) ratio (p = 0.01, r = 0.26). ALT negatively correlated with UFA level (p = 0.008, r = -0.28). Lignoceric ceramide positively correlated with ALT level (r = 0.22; p = 0.045) in psoriatic patients. Conclusions: Patients with severe psoriasis are predisposed to the development of liver dysfunction. We have demonstrated disturbances of serum fatty acid and sphingolipid profile in psoriatic patients, which may trigger liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with metabolic syndrome, including obesity. Ceramides (CER) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which belongs to sphingolipids, have both biological and structural functions in the human epidermis. Aim: To evaluate serum concentrations of selected CER in psoriatic patients in different weight ranges, the impact of obesity on the concentration of circulating CERs, their association with the course of psoriasis and selected inflammatory markers. Material and methods: Eighty-five patients with active plaque-type psoriasis and 32 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups: normal weight, overweight and obese. Serum concentrations of 14 ceramides were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The results were correlated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), serum lipid profile and inflammatory markers. Results: There were no significant differences in total serum CER concentration between psoriatic groups of patients. The S1P concentration was higher in psoriatic patients with normal body weight and overweight than in the control group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.04, respectively). In psoriatic patients with normal body weight, nervonic ceramide (C24:1) correlated with PASI (r = 0.38; p = 0.042) and CRP (C-reactive protein) (r = 0.42; p = 0.023). In overweight patients, the concentration of lignoceric ceramide (C24:0) correlated inversely with the severity of the disease (r = -0.41; p = 0.022) and CRP (r = -0.6; p = 0.0004). Conclusions: We have demonstrated an abnormal sphingolipid profile in psoriatic patients in different weight groups. Selected CER might be the biomarkers of psoriasis severity and inflammation, may reflect lipid disturbances and contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autoimmune diabetes (AD) in adults includes both the classical form of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). LADA shares clinical and metabolic features with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ceramide (Cer) levels negatively correlate with insulin sensitivity in humans and animal models. However, only a few studies have focused on other sphingolipids, including sphingomyelin (SM). Therefore, we determined sphingolipids in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes as possible diagnostic biomarkers. We evaluated sphingolipids in a cohort of 59 adults with newly diagnosed diabetes without prior hypoglycemic pharmacotherapy to distinguish diabetes mellitus types and for precise LADA definition. All patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were tested for the concentrations of individual Cer and SM species by gas-liquid chromatography. The study included healthy controls and patients with T1DM, T2DM and LADA. SM species were significantly altered in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes compared to healthy controls. SM-C16:0, C16:1, -C18:0, -C18:1, -C18:2, -C18:3, -C20:4, and -C22:6 species were found to be significantly elevated in LADA patients. In contrast, significant differences were observed for Cer species with saturated acyl chains, especially Cer-C14:0, -C16:0, -C18:0 (AD and T2DM), -C22:0, and -C24:0 (T1DM). Following ROC analysis, SM-C16:0, and particularly -C18:1, and -C20:4 may be supportive diagnostic markers for LADA. SM profiling in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes could be potentially helpful for differential diagnosis of LADA, T1DM, and T2DM in more challenging cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]