1. Incidence of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis and clinical efficacy of screening intradermal tests with cephalosporins: A large multicenter retrospective cohort study.
- Author
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Yang MS, Kang DY, Seo B, Park HJ, Park SY, Kim MY, Park KH, Koo SM, Nam YH, Kim S, Jung JW, Kim TB, Jang GC, Yang HJ, Ahn YM, Park JW, and Kang HR
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anaphylaxis diagnosis, Anaphylaxis mortality, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Cephalosporins administration & dosage, Cephalosporins chemistry, Drug Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Female, Humans, Incidence, Intradermal Tests methods, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Public Health Surveillance, Retrospective Studies, Anaphylaxis epidemiology, Anaphylaxis etiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents adverse effects, Cephalosporins adverse effects, Drug Hypersensitivity epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Few studies have investigated the incidence of anaphylaxis induced by individual or structurally similar cephalosporins. The aims of the study were to assess the incidence of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis and evaluate the clinical efficacy of screening skin tests., Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we obtained information on total cephalosporin use and cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis in intravenous cephalosporin recipients in 12 general hospitals between 2013 and 2015. Cephalosporins were divided into 4 groups according to similar side-chain structures. The incidence of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis was assessed for each cephalosporin, cephalosporin generation, and side-chain group. To verify the efficacy of screening intradermal tests (IDT) with cephalosporin, the 12 hospitals were assigned to the intervention or control group depending on whether they performed screening IDT before the administration of cephalosporins., Results: We identified 76 cases of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis with 1 123 345 exposures to intravenous cephalosporins (6.8 per 100 000 exposures), and the incidence of fatal anaphylaxis by cephalosporin was 0.1 cases per 100 000 exposures. The highest incidences of anaphylaxis occurred in the ceftizoxime (13.0 cases per 100 000 exposures) and side-chain group 1 (cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, and cefuroxime; 9.3 per 100 000). There was no case of anaphylaxis induced by cefoxitin, cefmetazole, cefminox, and cefotiam. The clinical effectiveness of routine screening IDT was not significant (P = .06)., Conclusions: The incidence of cephalosporin-induced anaphylaxis differed according to individual drugs and side-chain structure. Screening IDT showed no clinical efficacy at a population level., (© 2018 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
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