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This canine in vivo study assessed the effect of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF) on the healing of periapical tissues following apical surgery. From a total of 96 premolar teeth, 64 teeth from six beagle dogs (2 years old) were classified as experimental and were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (16 teeth per group). After having the pulp extirpated, leaving teeth open to the oral cavity for 1 week, and sealing with an immediate restorative material for 8 weeks, nonsurgical endodontic treatment was performed. A split-mouth design was used, and intra-animal randomization of treatment sides was applied to the groups as follows: apical curettage + 1.5-mm root-end resection (Group 1); apicoectomy + mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) root-end filling (Group 2); apicoectomy + MTA root-end filling + rhPDGF (Group 3); and apical curettage + rhPDGF (Group 4). The animals were sacrificed 24 months after apical surgery, and histologic and µCT analyses were performed for bone volume loss (BVL). Group 1 showed partial resolution of the periapical lesions without signs of tissue regeneration (BVL: 49.09 ± 10.97 mm3). Group 2 had minimal bone regeneration and showed cementum reformation in 9 teeth, with no direct attachment to the MTA (BVL: 35.34 ± 10.97 mm3). Group 3 showed regeneration of all damaged apical tissues without direct contact between the cementum and MTA (BLV: 4.51 ± 1.55 mm3). Group 4 showed regeneration of PDL, bone, and cementum and attachment of functional cementum fibers (BVL: 2.82 ± 2.3 mm3). The difference in BVL was statistically significant only for Groups 1 and 2 (P < .05). rhPDGF may help regenerate apical tissue structures following apical surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this investigation was to evaluate histologically and histometrically the healing process in dehiscence-type defects treated by enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Five adult female beagle dogs were used. Buccal osseous dehiscences were surgically created on the maxillary canines and the second and fourth premolars. Thirty defect sites were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups (15 defect sites for each group). The treatment group received EMD application, while the control groups received no EMD. After 4 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and tissue blocks were prepared. Histometric parameters were employed to evaluate the type of periodontal tissues that formed in the defects. All created dehiscence defects in the test sites treated by EMD had formed functional connective tissue fibers inserted into regenerated cellular cementum. The mean amount of apicocoronal regenerated cementum was 3.74 ± 0.43 mm in EMDtreated sites, whereas the control sites had not formed cementum in the created dehiscence defects (P < .000). Statistically significant differences were found between treatment and control sites. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that EMD alone effectively promoted new cementum and functionally oriented connective tissue formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

- This experiment assessed the efficacy of the enamel matrix derivative (EMD) to regenerate cementum in vital and endodontically treated teeth with osseous dehiscence defects. Five adult female beagle dogs were used. Thirty maxillary teeth (bilateral maxillary canines and second and fourth premolars) were randomly divided into two experimental groups (groups A and B, containing 12 teeth each) and one control group (group C). Endodontic treatment was only performed on teeth in group A compared with teeth in groups B and C. Buccal osseous dehiscence defects were surgically created in teeth from all groups. Teeth in the experimental group were treated with the EMD, whereas the controls were not. After 5 months, the animals were sacrificed and block sections of the teeth in experimental and control groups were processed for histological analysis. Newly regenerated cementum was observed in all teeth in groups A and B. No cementum regeneration was observed in group C. There was a significant difference in cementum generation between the experimental and control groups ( P < 0.001). EMD therapy induces cementogenesis in vital and endodontically treated teeth with osseous dehiscence defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]