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Objective: This study is targeted at assessing the chemotherapy factor of the ethanol extract of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (VAD)., Methods: U87 glioblastoma cells were treated with extract and a fraction of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (VAD) was harvested from the herbarium. Cytotoxicity was evaluated to determine the IC50 through microscopic observation followed by an MTT assay. Subsequently, flow cytometry with a FACS type was employed to conduct cell cycle and apoptosis analyses. Annexin V/PI and PI markers were used to assess apoptosis and cell cycle progression., Result: The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of VAD showed promising effects as cancer chemotherapy in glioblastoma cells. The IC50 values for the extract and fraction were notably low, at 37.65 µg/ml and 10.12 µg/ml, respectively, for U87 cells. Analysis of apoptosis using FACS revealed a more pronounced apoptotic effect of the 15 µg/ml fraction of VAD on both early and late apoptosis compared to the 75 µg/ml extract of VAD. Although some differences in cell cycle properties were observed, there were no significant differences in cell cycle analysis between the extract and fraction., Conclusion: These findings underscore the efficacy of VAD's ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction as chemotherapeutic agents against U87 cancer cells. The low IC50 values and significant induction of early apoptosis highlight the cytotoxic effects of these treatments on U87 cells.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most feared types of cancer because of the high number of deaths from this disease. High cases of death are reported due to the ineffectiveness of the early detection process of this type of cancer and the low effectiveness of treatment. This review reports a natural product that has the potential to be used as an anticancer of the pancreas. Natural products are the focus of researchers due to the low risk of resistance and side effects of these products. The mechanism of action of natural products is also explored to ensure the activity of natural products as anticancer, including molecular mechanisms of action, cell cycle inhibitory activity, and promoting apoptosis. Natural products are ingredients that are widespread around us, very easy to find, and have a lot of evidence of their effectiveness as anticancer. It is hoped that this review will become the basis for researchers to conduct further exploration of natural products as pancreatic anticancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attarasa (Litsea cubeba Lour.) heartwood is potential anticancer especially for breast cancer which is overexpressed in HER-2. This study evaluated phytochemicals analysis of ethanol extract, cytotoxicity, cell cycle inhibition and p53 expression of ethanol extract (EE) of Litsea cubeba Lour. heartwood. EE was analyzed for phytochemicals content with LC-HRMS, cytotoxicity activity was determined by MTT method towards breast cancer cell line MCF-7/Her-2. Cell cycle inhibition and p53 expression were analyzed with the flow cytometry method. EE was found to contain 24 compounds. EE was found to have IC50 191.63 ± 1.56 µg/mL, at concentration 40 µg/mL caused accumulation in G2-M phase (17.71% to 23.34%) and increased p53 expression (0.99% to 17.63%). The results utter that EE of Litsea cubeba Lour. heartwood has a cytotoxic effect through inhibition of the cell cycle. Our further study is to assess the molecular mechanism that responsible for anticancer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]