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Introduction: The receptor CD36 has been reported to play an important role in atherogenicity. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the relationship between CD36 gene polymorphisms or the plasma concentration of sCD36 and clinical or biochemical parameters in children., Patients and Methods: The study groups comprised Caucasian children with and without hypercholesterolemia. The alterations in the CD36 gene were detected by DHPLC and the plasma concentrations of sCD36 were measured by ELISA., Results: The data presented suggest that the IVS4-10A allele of CD36 (rs3211892) is associated with a lower risk of hypercholesterolemia. We observed a negative correlation of the sCD36 concentration with uric acid and insulin concentrations, the HOMA-IR ratio, weight, waist and hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and mean arterial pressure ratio, but a positive correlation with HDL cholesterol and ApoA1 concentrations. Female gender was a significant independent predictor of a higher plasma sCD36 concentration., Conclusions: The data presented suggest a possible protective effect of a higher sCD36 concentration in relation to metabolic syndrome components., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: CD36 may play an important role in removal of oxidized LDLs from plasma, protein glycation, the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy. Some reports have pointed to decreased expression of macrophages in association with mutations of the CD36 gene in hyperglycemic and obese subjects. The aim of the study was to search for an association between CD36 gene polymorphism and carbohydrate metabolism disturbances or variability of plasma soluble CD36 concentrations in obese children., Material/methods: The study included 60 children aged 10 to 15 years: 30 with (study group) and 30 without (control group) obesity. Each patient's glycated hemoglobin, weight, height, waist and hip circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured, BMI, WHR and MAP were calculated, and oral glucose tolerance test was performed with glucose and insulin concentration measurements. Amplicons of exons 4-6 of CD36 were studied using DHPLC technique. The PCR products with alterations were bidirectionally sequenced. Plasma concentrations of human antigen CD36 was measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)., Results: We found two intronic alterations: IVS3-6 T/C (rs3173798) and IVS4-10 G/A (rs3211892), one nonsynonymous substitution: G367A (Glu123Lys, rs183461468) in exon 5 and two synonymous transitions in exon 6: G573A (Pro191Pro, rs5956) and A591T (Thr197Thr, rs141680676). There were no significant differences in any biochemical or morphometric parameters between genotype groups., Discussion: The polymorphisms of the studied fragment of CD36 are not associated with carbohydrate metabolism disturbances or the variability of plasma soluble CD36 concentrations in obese children, but further research is necessary to assess their functional implications.

Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) has been employed as a prescreening tool to reduce the amount of DNA sequencing. It could be a simple and cost-effective screening method for mutations and polymorphisms in exons 4, 5, and 6 of the CD36 gene, which encode the protein region responsible for the removal of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Genomic DNA was isolated from 306 Caucasian infants of Polish origin. Six single-nucleotide substitutions were detected by DHPLC and confirmed by direct sequencing. The A591T, G550A, and C572T alterations have not been described so far. Each of two nonsynonymous substitutions (Asp184Asn, Pro191Leu) was found in one subject (0.2% minor allele frequency). The results suggest that nonsynonymous alterations in the analyzed CD36 region are rare in Caucasians. DHPLC is a specific and cost-effective technique that may prove to be particularly useful for the identification of polymorphisms and mutations in the CD36 gene.