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Experimental data on the dynamics of cesium particles in the pulsed magnetron and Penning surface-plasma ion sources are presented. Cesium escape from the source emission apertures and the cesium ion current to discharge electrodes was measured. The low value of cesium flux from the source was detected. An intense cesium ion current to the cathode (up to 0.8 A/cm2) was measured. The high value of cesium ion current to surface-plasma source cathode confirms the cesium circulation near the cathode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cesiated hydrogen hollow cathode (CHC) was tested for plasma injection in the multicusp negative ion source (MS). The CHC arc with hydrogen feed and cesium seeding through the CHC volume was explored. One cathode unit (40 mm length, 19 mm in diameter, emission opening area 1-3 mm²) with no special cooling provided the MS discharge operation with direct current up to 30 A, and up to 60 A in the long-pulse mode. High efficiency of negative ion production in the MS discharge, driven by a CHC plasma injection was recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluates the multibeam honeycomb surface-plasma source with plasma injection from hollow cathodes. Use of the plasma injection for a high-current semiplanotron discharge uniform operation; Production of elementary negative hydrogen beams through ion extraction from the emission apertures; Consistency of the intensity of negative deuterium beams.

A compact steady-state negative ion source using a hollow cathode Penning discharge is described. Water-cooled gas-discharge electrodes and permanent Sm-Co magnets were used. Steady-state source operation with a H[sup -] beam current intensity of up to 50 mA and discharge power of up to 0.8 kW was achieved. The H[sup -] current density in the emission holes was about 50 mA/cm². The gas efficiency was 3%. The H[sup -] yield was proportional to the area of the emission apertures and to the discharge current. About 10 mA of H[sup -] beam was accelerated and transported with the source having a smaller emission hole area of 0.3 cm² in the tests at the Ecole Polytechnique accelerator facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]