1. A novel process for the synthesis of p‐aminophenol by transfer hydrogenation of nitrobenzene using formic acid as hydrogen source.
- Author
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Jia, Yu, Li, Fang, Zhang, Yisheng, Wang, Zhimiao, Che, Conghui, Xue, Wei, and Wang, Yanji
- Subjects
TRANSFER hydrogenation ,NITROBENZENE ,FORMIC acid ,BENZOXAZOLES ,HYDROGEN ,CATALYTIC hydrogenation ,CATALYSTS - Abstract
p‐Aminophenol (PAP) was synthesized via the transfer hydrogenation of nitrobenzene (NB) over a Pd/AC + SO42−/ZrO2 catalyst using formic acid as the hydrogen source. Pd loading had an obvious effect on the reaction, with an optimal loading of 7 wt.%. The average Pd crystallite size was 3–4 nm, and both Pd0 and Pd2+ species were present on the catalyst surface. The relative proportions of Pd0 and Pd2+ affected the synthesis of PAP, with higher Pd2+ concentrations increasing the PAP selectivity. The reaction conditions for PAP synthesis were optimized, and an NB conversion of 69.6% with 38.1% PAP selectivity was obtained. After the same catalyst sample was used four times, the NB conversion decreased from 69.6% to 61.3%, and PAP selectivity decreased from 34.7% to 21.5%. These changes were attributed to the loss of Pd and S from the catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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