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Introduction and importance Ventral hernial repair extensively requires the use of surgical meshes to cover the abdominal wall. Patients with a history of laparoscopic ventral hernial repair are predisposed to secondary mesh infections. However, strategies to avoid these mesh infections have not yet been reported. Herein, we report the safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with cholecystitis following extended totally extraperitoneal repair of a ventral hernia. Case presentation A 69-year-old man presented with a five-day history of right hypochondrial pain and severe epigastric pain since the previous day. He had undergone ventral hernial repair. With a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, we inserted the first trocar from the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Subsequently, we completed the surgery without penetrating the mesh by the ports and observing the other ports in the abdominal cavity. The patient recovered without any complications or short-term mesh infections. Clinical discussion When performing abdominal surgery in a patient after ventral hernial repair, the presence of the mesh limits the approachability of the abdominal cavity without mesh penetration. Although it remains unclear whether mesh damage during abdominal surgery causes secondary mesh infection, avoiding any damage to the mesh may be recommended, especially in patients who are highly susceptible to intra-abdominal infection. Conclusion We concluded that if the surgery is completed without damaging the mesh site, mesh infection after abdominal contamination surgery may be avoided., Highlights • Strategies to avoid mesh infections after surgery have not yet been reported. • Surgery without mesh infection following extended totally extraperitoneal repair. • Mesh infection after surgery may be avoided by avoiding damage to the mesh.

Introduction Low and mid rectal cancer cells have the tendency to spread in the lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN). The Japanese guidelines recommend systematic lymph node dissection when a positive LPLN is suspected or in stages II–III rectal cancer. However, laparoscopic lymph node dissection is complex and challenging. We introduce transanal LPLN dissection using an abdominal approach. Presentation of case A 78-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed lower rectal wall thickening and bilateral lateral lymph node swelling. We performed laparoscopic abdominal peritoneal resection with combined bilateral LPLN dissection using abdominal and transanal approaches. He had an uneventful postoperative course with no signs of recurrence at the 5-month follow-up. Discussion LPLN metastases for low rectal cancer especially occur at the bottom of the deep pelvic spaces. As laparoscopic LPLND for low rectal cancer can be complicated, we adopted abdominal and transanal approaches, which provide the advantage of an anatomical view. This procedure may improve lateral pelvic anatomical structure viewing, and may offer advantages over laparoscopic abdominal approaches for visualizing and dissecting LPLNs. Conclusion Curative resection has become available for rectal cancer with transanal LPLN dissection. LPLN dissection with combined abdominal and transanal approaches is a feasible treatment for advanced rectal cancer., Highlights • Laparoscopic lymph node dissection for low rectal cancer is complex and challenging. • The surgical view around the distal internal lymph node (#263d) and the Alcock duct improved with the transanal approach. • Ta-LPLND combined with abdominal dissection is feasible and effective for rectal cancer.

Introduction Hemorrhagic cholecystitis (HC) is a rare but specific complication of acute cholecystitis. HC progression often leads to fatal and severe outcomes. Presentation of case We describe the case of a 64-year-old man who was diagnosed with HC. Intraoperatively, the gallbladder surface was congested. The resected specimen had no gallstones and showed basophilic degenerate material toward the mucosal surface. In addition, vascular congestion and red cell extravasation were noted at the bottom of the layer. The patient's postoperative course was good, and he was discharged with remission 4 days following the operation. Discussion Diagnosis and treatment during early stages are the most critical aspects of HC management and may lead to improved outcomes. We successfully performed timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of HC. Conclusion In cases where HC occurs, appropriate treatment should be chosen by experiential judgment and consideration of the current literature., Highlights • We observed that the surface of the gallbladder was congested and we diagnosed the hemorrhagic cholecystitis • We successfully performed timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of hemorrhagic cholecystitis as an emergency operation.