1. Eagle syndrome: A comprehensive review
- Author
-
Sameep Kadakia, Arvind Badhey, Edward Shin, Yadranko Ducic, Alexander Kovacs, Ameya A. Jategaonkar, Stimson P. Schantz, and Peter Paul De Deyn
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,SYMPTOMS ,CAROTID-ARTERY DISSECTION ,DIAGNOSIS ,Carotid artery dissection ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Eagle syndrome ,Endoscopic assisted ,MANAGEMENT ,medicine ,Humans ,Medical diagnosis ,Intensive care medicine ,Neck Pain ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Ossification, Heterotopic ,Gold standard ,Temporal Bone ,ELONGATED STYLOID PROCESS ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dysphagia ,LIGAMENT ,Surgery ,Styloid process ,Angiography ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The objective of this report is to summarize the symptoms, diagnostic workup, necessary imaging, and management of Eagle syndrome. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on peer-reviewed publications of Eagle syndrome across multiple disciplines in order to gain a thorough understanding of the presentation, diagnosis, and management of this disorder. Diagnoses of Eagle Syndrome have increased, in part due to the awareness of physicians to patient symptomatology. While cervical pain and dysphagia are among the typical symptoms, patients can present with a wide spectrum of benign and dangerous symptoms. CT scan is the gold standard for diagnosis and can be aided by both 3D reconstructive imaging and Angiography. Treatment strategies include medical management (analgesics, corticosteroids, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants) and varied surgical approaches (extraoral, transoral, endoscopic assisted). Increased understanding by providers treating patients with Eagle Syndrome allows for a more comprehensive treatment plan. With a variety of medical regimens and more definitive surgical approaches, Eagle Syndrome can be treated safely and effectively.
- Published
- 2017