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Background: COVID-19 pandemic resulted in excess mortality and changed the trends of causes of death worldwide. In this study, we investigate the all-cause and cause-specific deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022) compared to the baseline (2018-2020), considering age groups, gender, place of residence, and place of death in south Khorasan, east of Iran., Methods: The present ecological study was conducted using South Khorasan Province death certificate data during 2018-2022. The number of death and all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (per 100,000 people) were calculated and compared based on age groups, place of residence, place of death, and gender before (2018-2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022). We also calculated total and cause-specific years of life lost (YLL) to death and gender-specific life expectancy at birth., Results: A total of 7,766 deaths occurred from March 21, 2018, to March 20, 2020 (pre-pandemic) and 9,984 deaths from March 21, 2020, to March 20, 2022 (pandemic). The mean age at death increased by about 2 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mortality rate was significantly increased in the age groups 20 years and older. The most excess deaths were recorded in men, Aged more than 60 years, death at home, and the rural population. Mortality due to COVID-19 accounted for nearly 17% of deaths. The highest increase in mortality rate was observed due to endocrine and Cardiovascular diseases. Mortality rates due to the genitourinary system and Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period have decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The major causes of death during the pandemic were Cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, accidents, and endocrine diseases in both sexes, in rural and urban areas. Years of life lost (YLL) increased by nearly 15.0%, which was mostly due to COVID-19, life expectancy at birth has steadily declined from 2018 to202 for both genders (from 78.4 to 75)., Conclusion: In this study, we found that All-cause mortality increased by 25.5% during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in men, older adult, Rural residents, and those who died at home (outside the hospital). Considering that the most common causes of death during the COVID-19 pandemic are also non-communicable diseases. It is necessary to pay attention to non-communicable diseases even during the pandemic of a serious infectious disease like COVID-19. The years of life lost also increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is necessary to pay attention to all age groups, especially the causes of death in young people. In most developing countries, the first cause of death of these groups is accidents., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Pirayesh, Riahi, Bidokhti and Kazemi.)

Lipid goal achievement and statin consumption were estimated at extreme/very-high/high/moderate and low cardiovascular risk categories. In the cross-sectional study, 585 patients treated with statin therapy referring to the heart clinic of Birjand were recruited. Patients were classified and examined LDL-C values and the proportion reaching targets according to the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists guideline. Three patterns of statin use (high/moderate/low-intensity statin therapy) in all patients were examined and attainments of LDL-C goal in cardiovascular risk groups have been demonstrated. Over half the populations (57.6%) were in the very-high CVD risk group. The results showed that the proportion of patients meeting total LDL-C goal values according to the guidelines was 43.4%. The frequency of patient had achievement LDL goal lower in high-intensity pattern (N = 13, 2.3%), compared with moderate (N = 496, 86.1%) and low-intensity patterns (N = 67, 11.6%). In general, LDL-C goal achievement was greatest with moderate-intensity statin use. LDL-C reduction after statin consumption was estimated about one-third of the studied population. It seems likely that the achievement of a therapeutic target for serum lipids such as LDL-C improved is far more cost-effective and would be able to reach the target LDL as well changing the type and intensity of statins.

We aimed to present the methodology of a national registry entitled "Persian CardioVascular Disease Registry (PCVDR)." Persian Registry Of cardioVascular diseasE (PROVE) was a demonstration registry conducted in Isfahan since 2014 to test the feasibility and practicality of PCVDR in Iran. Built on that experience, the first phase of PCVDR that consist of angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry at national level started in March 2017. Currently, PCVDR is in place in 19 hospitals, located in 7 provinces. Five questionnaires including basic information, angiography, and PCI techniques, discharge and follow-up were completed for registered patients. Since beginning until October 7th, 2019, the number of angiography and PCI cases registered in all provinces were 37,120 and 16,277, respectively. Of all PCI cases registered, 11,846 patients (72.8%) were followed up until 12 months. We expect that this registry be expanded to cover most hospitals and centers with cardiology departments in the country., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Due to the importance of identifying and preventing non-communicable diseases, especially obesity and overweight, this study was performed to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and dyslipidemia. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and dyslipidemia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 patients. Eligible individuals were selected using convenience sampling. The participants' height and waist circumference were measured. The results of these measurements as well as other demographic information, reason for referral, blood sugar, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol levels, and blood pressure were recorded in a checklist that was designed based on the research objectives. The obtained data were then entered into the SPSS 11 software and analyzed using independent sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient at the 0.05 significance level. Results: This study was conducted on 300 patients with the mean age of 41.6 ± 7.17 years. The means of body mass index and ABSI were 27.10 ± 4.40 kg/m² and 0.082 ± 0.006, respectively. The mean of ABSI was significantly higher in the patients who had high TG levels as well as sugar levels higher than 100 mg/dL compared to those with low TG and blood sugar levels (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). However, this parameter was significantly lower in the patients with low HDL levels compared to those with high HDL levels (P = 0.02). ABSI was significantly correlated to fasting blood sugar (r = 0.15, P = 0.008) and TG (r = 0.12, P = 0.02). Conclusion: The study results indicated that ABSI was correlated to the serum levels of TG and fasting blood sugar. Additionally, the mean of ABSI was higher among the patients with diabetes compared to the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marfan syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder manifesting with cardiovascular pathologies which are also the leading cause of death. Herein, we present the past 20 years follow up of a family with 17 members afflicted with Marfan syndrome. 3 members of the family were deceased and none were due to cardiovascular events. We assume to some extent traumas are a neglected cause for a part of mortality in Marfan syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pre-hypertension is known as the precursor of hypertension. We could prevent or delay hypertension by controlling pre-hypertension. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of pre-hypertension and its risk factors in an Iranian population, East of Iran, in 2014. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1280 subjects living in Birjand, East of Iran in 2014. After explaining about the project, a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and clinical backgrounds was filled out by all subjects. Participants were classified as pre-hypertension (PHTN) if systolic blood pressure was 120 - 139 mmHg or if diastolic blood pressure was 80 - 89 mmHg. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression using SPSS (version 22). P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Among 1286 participants, 21.4% had pre-hypertension. Results showed that pre-hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking were more prevalent among men than women (P < 0.001), while prevalence of dyslipidemia was more observed in women (P < 0.001). In addition, the risk of pre-hypertension was more in men (OR = 2.9), overweight (OR = 3.7), and obese (OR = 5.6) subjects. Smoking cigarette showed a protective effect (OR = 0.4). Conclusions: Pre-hypertension was more prevalent among men and obese subjects. Since pre-hypertension progresses to hypertension and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, it needs more attention by public health policy makers to change people's lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Iran, cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death. We aimed to perform a systematic review on the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Iran based on Persian and English papers had been published from 1985 to 2015. Among 267 initially found articles, 142 were excluded; finally, a total number of 40 articles were found relevant which were reduced to 18. Smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia were the most common risk factors for AMI. Premature MI prevalence was high in men, and smoking was the most common risk factor among young people. People in urban areas were more likely to experience AMI than rural people. The prevalence of AMI in Iran is high and has increased in recent years. Therefore, to restrain the rising trend of AMI, it is necessary to make the primary and secondary prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the World Heart Day on September 28, 2014 and the significance of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the people of Iran. Topics discussed include increase in the number of death in Iran caused by CVD, risk factors of CVD in adults such as overweight, dyslipidemia and obesity, and a survey of children showing prevalence of dyslipidemia, obesity and hypertension. It cites a study showing higher mortality in women due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI).