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Omics techniques generate large, multidimensional data that are amenable to analysis by new informatics approaches alongside conventional statistical methods. Systems theories, including network analysis and machine learning, are well placed for analysing these data but must be applied with an understanding of the relevant biological and computational theories. Through applying these techniques to omics data, systems biology addresses the problems posed by the complex organization of biological processes. In this Review, we describe the techniques and sources of omics data, outline network theory, and highlight exemplars of novel approaches that combine gene regulatory and co-expression networks, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and phenomics with informatics techniques to provide new insights into cardiovascular disease. The use of systems approaches will become necessary to integrate data from more than one omic technique. Although understanding the interactions between different omics data requires increasingly complex concepts and methods, we argue that hypothesis-driven investigations and independent validation must still accompany these novel systems biology approaches to realize their full potential.

The importance of platelets for cardiovascular disease was established as early as the 19th century. Their therapeutic inhibition stands alongside the biggest achievements in medicine. Still, certain aspects of platelet pathophysiology remain unclear. This includes platelet resistance to antiplatelet therapy and the contribution of platelets to vascular remodelling and extends beyond cardiovascular disease to haematological disorders and cancer. To address these gaps in our knowledge, a better understanding of the underlying molecular processes is needed. This will be enabled by technologies that capture dysregulated molecular processes and can integrate them into a broader network of biological systems. The advent of -omics technologies, such as mass spectrometry proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics; highly multiplexed affinity-based proteomics; microarray- or RNA-sequencing-(RNA-seq)-based transcriptomics, and most recently ribosome footprint-based translatomics, has enabled a more holistic understanding of platelet biology. Most of these methods have already been applied to platelets, and this review will summarise this information and discuss future developments in this area of research., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The development of more sensitive protein biomarker assays results in continuous improvements in detectability, extending the range of clinical applications to the detection of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, these efforts have not yet led to improvements in risk assessment compared with existing risk scores. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been assessed as biomarkers, and miRNAs have attracted most attention. More recently, other ncRNA classes have been identified, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Here, we compare emerging ncRNA biomarkers in the cardiovascular field with protein biomarkers for their potential in clinical application, focusing on myocardial injury., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

While lipid abnormalities continue to account for over 60% of the population attributable risk for myocardial infarction, the well-known inverse correlation between plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and cardiovascular risk has failed to deliver clinically useful therapeutic interventions. Thus, there is an unmet need to better understand the function of different HDL particles. Targeted, high-resolution lipoproteomics provides an innovative approach to studying the kinetics of HDL particles. In this commentary, we discuss the development of an informatics platform for increased throughput and highlight how this approach delivers the potential for novel, hybrid instrument technologies to inform clinical dyslipidemia studies., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are in the spotlight as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. More than 1,000 miRNAs are encoded in the human genome. In this review, we provide an introduction to miRNA biology and research methodology, and highlight advances in cardiovascular research to date. This includes the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in cardiac and vascular disease, and their use as novel biomarkers. Although some miRNA therapies are already undergoing clinical evaluation, we stress the importance of integrating current knowledge of miRNA biology into a systemic context. Discovery studies focus on miRNA effects within one specific organ, whereas the expression of most miRNAs is not restricted to a single tissue. Because most miRNA-based therapies act systemically, this may preclude widespread clinical use. The development of more targeted interventions will bolster well-informed clinical applications, increasing the chances of success and minimizing the risk of setbacks for miRNA-based therapeutics., (Copyright © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Ayurveda explains disproportion in the three doshasvata, pitta and kapha singly or all of them together can cause Apasmar. Aggravated doshas get accumulated in hridaya and create the features based upon Doshic predominance, which cause illusion of the mind and visual hallucination and seizures (tonic spasms and clonic jerks). Often it is presented with outwarding of tongue, deviation of the eyes, dribbling of saliva with froth, tonic and clonic movements of limbs. Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent, episodic, paroxysmal, involuntary clinical events related with alternation of cerebral function. An epileptic attack is anrapid and unwarranted electric discharge of cerebral neurons. Saraswat Churna is a popular Compound drug which is successfully used in Psychological disorders. It is mentioned in "Unmada Prakaran" of well known Ayurvedic book of "Bhaishgya Ratnawali" that Saraswat Churna consists of different types of Medhya Rasayana herbs like Vacha, Shankhapushpi etc. and Brahmi Swarasbhawna is given to it for three times. Phenytoin (Diphenyl Hydantoin or Dilantin) is highly effective and widely prescribed anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor epilepsy. Phenytoin has been used to treat thought, mood and behaviour disorders, cardiovascular disorders, neuro muscular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, Endocrine disorders. As Dilantin showed adverse reactions like urticarial like skin rashes, gastric irritation, resulting in nausea, vomiting, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the gums noted in 90% of patients was not noted in patients treated with Saraswat Churna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]