1. Expression of ProEx C in primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
- Author
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Liu L, Cohen C, and Siddiqui MT
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Antigens, Neoplasm genetics, Antigens, Neoplasm immunology, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor immunology, Carcinoma pathology, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II genetics, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II immunology, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins immunology, Humans, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 genetics, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 immunology, Neoplasm Metastasis, Organ Specificity, Urothelium pathology, Antigens, Neoplasm metabolism, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Carcinoma metabolism, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 metabolism, Urothelium metabolism
- Abstract
Background: ProEx C is an antibody cocktail targeting the expression of topoisomerase IIα and minichromosome maintenance protein-2. Both these proteins are over-expressed in the cell nucleus during aberrant S-phase induction of neoplastic cells, which leads to cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine whether ProEx C expression can detect primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC)., Methods: Thirty one fine needle aspiration cell blocks (CB) with metastatic UC were identified. Immunohistochemical staining for ProEx C and thrombomodulin was performed. Additionally, staining for Pro Ex C was also performed in tissue microarrays (TMA) of 46 cases of primary UC and carcinomas from colon (80), stomach (31), pancreas (33), liver (92), ovary (24), endometrium (25), breast (60), lung (27), kidney (32), and prostate (44), as well as melanoma (22). Nuclear staining of ProEx C and membrane staining of thrombomodulin in at least 10% tumor cells was considered a positive result., Results: Both ProEx C and thrombomodulin have similar sensitivity for metastatic UC (84% vs. 77%, p=0.75; whereas ProEx C yielded a higher sensitivity of 93% for primary UC than thrombomodulin (72%, p=0.01). In addition to UC, ProEx C is also expressed in most of the malignant neoplasms tested in our TMA study, and has the highest sensitivity in colon and stomach carcinomas (94%)., Conclusion: ProEx C has high sensitivity for UC. However, it is also expressed in carcinomas of colon, stomach, breast, and lung carcinomas and may not be a useful marker for workup of metastatic UC., (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2015
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