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Background: This study's aim was to identify CD68 and stabilin-1 expressions and their prognostic implications in patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC)., Methods: Stabilin-1 and CD68 immunochemical staining was conducted in samples from patients with OCC who underwent curative surgery in our institute. We retrospectively analyzed patients' clinical information. We investigated the relationship between CD68 and stabilin-1 expression levels and their effect on prognostic factors and survival., Results: Fifty-four patients' data were analyzed. CD68 and stabilin-1 expressions were positively correlated (P = .008). CD68 and stabilin-1 expressions were not correlated with other prognostic factors (eg, T classification or lymph node metastasis). Stabilin-1 expression and tumor recurrence risk were positively correlated (P = .015). CD68 expression was neither associated with recurrence-free nor OCC-specific survival., Conclusion: CD68 and stabilin-1 expressions in OCC were positively correlated. Stabilin-1 expression was significantly associated with OCC recurrence risk, but the prognostic value of CD68 was not confirmed., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Lip cancer is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity and the second most common cancer in the head and neck. Typically, squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip is an ulcerated lesion with raised margins. Surgery is the best treatment for lower lip cancer. The lips are important aesthetically because of their prominent location on the face and functionally because of the essential mechanism of the sphincter in assisting mastication, swallowing, phonation, and expressing emotions. Depending on the location and size of a lip tumor, different types of reconstructive flaps are used. We describe our technique for reconstructing the lower lip with a submental island flap.

Background: We compared the patterns of failure between 3-dimensional radiotherapy (3D-RT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)., Patients and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 49 patients with stage III-IV HNSCC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The treatment outcome, patterns of failure, and toxicities were compared between 3D-RT and IMRT., Results: There were 13 locoregional recurrences as initial failure sites. Eight recurrences were local, three were regional, and two were both local and regional. The recurrence pattern did not differ between the 3D-RT- and IMRT-treated groups, while toxicities were reduced in the IMRT-treated group. All recurrences were within the high-risk planning target volume except for one case in IMRT., Conclusion: IMRT did not increase the risk of locoregional recurrence neither did it change the pattern of failure in patients with stage III-IV locally advanced HNSCC, although it did reduce toxicities., (Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.)

The objective of the study was to examine the prognostic value of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Ki-67, and erythropoietin receptor in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of marker expression was performed on tissue samples from 25 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate analyses, and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to examine associations between patient and tumor characteristics, and the immunohistochemical results and disease-specific survival. There was no association between the expression of the five markers and disease-specific survival, and there was no statistically significant difference in the hazards ratio according to postoperative radiotherapy. There was no correlation between marker expression and prognosis. There was no association between marker expression and radioresistance or disease-specific survival. Therefore, HIF-1α, CA-IX, COX-2, Ki-67, and erythropoietin receptor are not suitable prognostic markers for tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive value of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, carbonic anhydrase (CA)-IX, glucose transporter (GLUT)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, Ki-67, and erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) as immunohistochemical markers for determining the optimal treatment modality for early stage laryngeal carcinoma., Methods: Tissue samples from 42 early stage laryngeal carcinomas treated with radiotherapy alone were analyzed immunohistochemically for the expression of 6 markers. The Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate analyses, and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the associations between patient and tumor characteristics and immunohistochemical results, and locoregional control., Results: Increased expression of HIF-1α and CA-IX was significantly correlated with residual tumor; no correlations were observed for the other immunohistochemical markers., Conclusion: High levels of HIF-1α or CA-IX expression were significantly correlated with residual tumor after radiotherapy for early stage laryngeal carcinomas. Alternative treatment modalities to primary radiotherapy should be considered for early stage laryngeal carcinomas showing high HIF-1α or CA-IX expression., (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Objective: The use of the myomucosal flap from the buccinator muscle is a valuable reconstruction method for intraoral defects. We report the clinical advantages and pitfalls of using the buccinator myomucosal flap for tongue reconstruction after intraoral resection of tongue cancer., Study Design: Prospective study., Setting: University hospital., Subjects and Methods: We used buccal artery-based buccinator myomucosal flaps for tongue reconstruction in 11 partial or total edentulous patients who underwent resection of tongue cancer. The size and site of the tongue defect ranged from one-third to one-half of the tongue in the lateral border. We analyzed the clinical features and oncologic and functional outcomes to define adequate indications., Results: All flaps were successfully harvested and transposed, and the donor sites were primarily closed. The pedicles were safely divided 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively. In 8 of 11 patients, concurrent upper neck dissection was performed without compromising blood supply to the flap. The range of tongue motion and the volume of the reconstructed tongue were satisfactory, and the patients experienced no difficulties in swallowing or speech., Conclusion: Particularly in edentulous patients, the buccal myomucosal flap can be a good option for reconstructing partial tongue defects after cancer surgery.

Background: Few human papillomavirus (HPV)(+) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines exist. We established University of Michigan-squamous cell carcinoma-104 (UM-SCC-104), a new HPV(+) HNSCC cell line from a recurrent oral cavity tumor, and characterized it for the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs)., Methods: Tumor cells were tested for biomarker expression by immunohistology, and the presence of HPV was assessed by several methods., Results: UM-SCC-104 has a unique genotype, contains HPV-16, and expresses E6/E7. Inoculation of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)(+) and ALDH(-) cells in an immunocompromised mouse resulted in tumor growth from the ALDH(+) cells after 6 weeks that recapitulated the histology of the primary, whereas ALDH(-) cells did not produce tumors., Conclusion: UM-SCC-104, a new HPV-16, CSC-containing HNSCC cell line will aid in studying recurrent HPV(+) tumors. The aggressive nature of this tumor is consistent with high uniform expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and a functionally significant proportion of ALDH(+) CSCs., (Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Recurrent syncope as a complication of recurrent neck malignancy is an uncommon but well documented association. The syncope is presumed to occur when a tumor mass invades the baroreceptor within the carotid sinus or when it disrupts the afferent nerve fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve. A 59-year-old man presented with recurrent syncope and headache. He had a wide local excision including tonsillectomy and modified left radical neck dissection for tonsilar cancer 4 years ago. A computed tomography scan revealed ill-defined lesions in left parapharyngeal, carotid space and right upper jugular region. After clinical evaluation, cardiac pacemaker was placed, but he still suffered from the syncope. Then, he received the chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin. The last hypotension event occurred on day 10 of the chemotherapy. Six months after 3 cycles of chemotherapy, he remained in complete remission and resolution of syncope. We report a case in which syncope was associated with a recurrence of tonsilar cancer and successfully treated with chemotherapy.

Purpose: Human peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are known as a family of thiol-specific antioxidant enzymes, among which Prx-I and -II play an important role in protecting cells from irradiation-induced cell death. It is not known whether Prx-IV also protects cells from ionizing radiation (IR)., Methods and Materials: To evaluate the protective role of Prx-IV in IR, we transfected full-length Prx-IV cDNA into AMC-HN3 cells, which weakly express endogenous Prx-IV, and knocked down the expression of Prx-IV with siRNA methods using AMC-HN7 cells, which express high levels of endogenous Prx-IV. Radiosensitivity profiles in these cells were evaluated using clonogenic assay, FACS analysis, cell viability, and TUNEL assay., Results: Three Prx-IV expressing clones were isolated. Prx-IV regulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and made cells more resistant to IR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the knockdown of Prx-IV with siRNA made cells more sensitive to IR-induced apoptosis., Conclusion: The results of these studies suggest that Prx-IV may play an important role in protecting cells from IR-induced apoptosis in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma.