1. Expression of IL-1α correlates with distant metastasis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
- Author
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León X, Bothe C, García J, Parreño M, Alcolea S, Quer M, Vila L, and Camacho M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell genetics, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell mortality, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell secondary, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell therapy, Cell Adhesion, Cell Line, Tumor, Disease-Free Survival, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Endothelial Cells pathology, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Head and Neck Neoplasms genetics, Head and Neck Neoplasms mortality, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms therapy, Humans, Interleukin-1alpha genetics, Male, Middle Aged, RNA Interference, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Signal Transduction, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Time Factors, Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration, Transfection, Treatment Outcome, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell metabolism, Cell Movement, Head and Neck Neoplasms metabolism, Interleukin-1alpha metabolism
- Abstract
The presence of IL-1 in human cancers is associated with aggressive tumor biology but its prognostic value is unknown. We studied whether IL-1α expression is a prognostic marker of distant metastasis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). IL-1α mRNA and protein levels were determined in tumor samples and cancer cell lines using RT-PCR and ELISA. The effects of constitutive IL-1α expression by tumor lines were characterized. IL-1α mRNA and protein secretion were higher in tumor samples from patients who later developed distant metastasis than in patients who did not. By using distant metastasis as a dependent variable, patients were classified into two categories of IL-1α transcript-levels. The high-IL-1α group had a significantly lower five-year distant metastasis-free survival than the low-IL-1α group [70.0% (CI 95%: 55.9-84.1%) vs 94.7% (CI 95%:90.2-99.2%)]. When IL-1α transcript-levels were combined with clinical factors related to tumor metastasis, the predictive power of the model increased significantly. Additionally, transcript levels of IL-1α correlated significantly with those of the IL-1 family genes and genes related to the metastatic process. IL-1 treatment of microvascular endothelial cells increased adhesion of HNSCC cells but no differences were found based on constitutive IL-1α expression by tumor cells. Nevertheless, IL-1α produced by tumor cells effectively increased their transmigration across the endothelium. We found a significant relationship between IL-1α expression and development of distant metastasis in HNSCC patients. IL-1α expression could help to define a subset of patients at high risk of distant metastasis who could benefit from adjuvant treatment.
- Published
- 2015
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