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Apenas na Ásia, centro de origem do caqui (Diospyros kaki L.), existem mais de 2000 cultivares diferentes, das quais, a maioria é adstringente. Diante de tamanha variabilidade, existem diferentes métodos de remoção de adstringência, de tal forma que cada um deve ser adaptado a cada cultivar e local de produção. Tais métodos de destanização objetivam promover um acúmulo de acetaldeído na polpa dos frutos, o qual provoca a polimerização das moléculas de taninos solúveis, responsáveis pela adstringência, transformando-os num composto com consistência de gel, insolúvel e, assim, não adstringente. Entre os métodos mais utilizados estão: aplicação de vapor de álcool etílico, que ativa a enzima álcool dehidrogenase com subseqüente acúmulo de acetaldeído, e a promoção da anaerobiose, que induz a transformação do piruvato em acetaldeído em uma reação catalisada pela enzima piruvato descarboxilase. Neste trabalho de revisão, visa à discussão dos principais fatores a serem observados no processo de remoção da adstringência de caquis, como o método a ser utilizado, a temperatura de destanização, o tempo de exposição ao tratamento e o ponto de maturação dos frutos, entre outros.In Asia, the center of origin of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.), more than 2000 different varieties are present, most of then being astringent. Beyond such variability, there are a lot of different methods to remove the astringency of fruit and each treatment is more approachable for each cultivar and local of production. The different methods to remove the astringency are based, mostly, at the accumulation of acetaldehyde at the flesh fruit that induce the polymerization of the soluble tannin molecules, responsible for the astringency formation, turning them into an insoluble and non astringent substance. The most used methods are: ethanol vapor application which activates alcohol dehydrogenase and increases the acetaldehyde accumulation; and application of anaerobic atmosphere, that induces the transformation of piruvate into acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by the piruvate descarboxilase. This review aims to argue the main factors to be observed in the astringency removal process of persimmon fruit, such as method to be used, temperature to remove astringency, time of exposure to the treatment, fruit ripening at time of astringency removal, among others.

Melões 'Orange Flesh' minimamente processados foram armazenados por 8 dias sob refrigeração (6 ± 1ºC e 90 ± 5% UR) e atmosfera modificada (passiva e ativas: 5% O2 + 5% CO2 e 2% O2 + 10% CO2). As variáveis pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis e acetaldeído não foram influenciadas pelas atmosferas estudadas. Aumentos na concentração de CO2 ocorreram ao logo do armazenamento, sendo que a atmosfera modificada ativa (2% O2 + 10% CO2) foi mais eficaz no controle da produção de CO2 até o quarto dia de armazenamento.Fresh-cut 'Orange Flesh' melons were stored for 8 days under refrigeration (6 ± 1ºC e 90 ± 5% RH) and modified atmosphere (passive and active: 5% O2 + 5% CO2 and 2% O2 + 10% CO2). The variables pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids and acetaldehyde were not affected, differently, for the atmospheres studied. Increase in CO2 concentration occurred over the storage period. Active modified atmosphere (2% O2 + 10% CO2) was the most effective in controlling the CO2 production until the fourth day of storage.

In Asia, the center of origin of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.), more than 2000 different varieties are present, most of then being astringent. Beyond such variability, there are a lot of different methods to remove the astringency of fruit and each treatment is more approachable for each cultivar and local of production. The different methods to remove the astringency are based, mostly, at the accumulation of acetaldehyde at the flesh fruit that induce the polymerization of the soluble tannin molecules, responsible for the astringency formation, turning them into an insoluble and non astringent substance. The most used methods are: ethanol vapor application which activates alcohol dehydrogenase and increases the acetaldehyde accumulation; and application of anaerobic atmosphere, that induces the transformation of piruvate into acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by the piruvate descarboxilase. This review aims to argue the main factors to be observed in the astringency removal process of persimmon fruit, such as method to be used, temperature to remove astringency, time of exposure to the treatment, fruit ripening at time of astringency removal, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]