1. From Firestone to Michelin, a History of Rubber Cultivation in a Cocoa-Growing Country: Ghana
- Author
-
François Ruf and Emmanuel Akwasi Owusu
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Jeune travailleur ,Développement agricole ,Agricultural economics ,Economics ,Revenu de l'exploitation ,Elaeis guineensis ,B50 - Histoire ,Projet de développement ,Prix ,biology ,Hevea brasiliensis ,Rendement des cultures ,E16 - Économie de la production ,Diversification ,Value (economics) ,Agriculteur ,Exploitation agricole familiale ,E70 - Commerce, commercialisation et distribution ,Public policy ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,Histoire ,Procurement ,Fixed price ,Theobroma cacao ,Cocos nucifera ,Caoutchouc ,Rôle des femmes ,E80 - Économie familiale et artisanale ,Analyse économique ,biology.organism_classification ,K10 - Production forestière ,Currency ,Choix des espèces ,Monoculture - Abstract
In Ghana, many cocoa and coconut farmers started to adopt rubber in the 1990s and 2000s. Public policies played a major role in the diversification process. What were the other factors in this success? Combined with a transparent mechanism to fix procurement prices paid to the farmer, world prices have led to a dramatic increase in incomes. Subsequently, since 2012, despite the collapse of the world price of rubber, this mechanism has also proven to be a strong defence against the rapid erosion of the national currency's value. This is not so for cocoa, where farmers deal with a fixed price in Cedis. This helps to explain the strong confidence placed in rubber cultivation in Ghana at the expense of cocoa. Diversification is also viewed as a structural response to decades of monoculture. Regardless of whether it was cocoa or coconut, each region that adopted rubber witnessed the signs of fatigue and wear in these quasi-monoculture systems.
- Published
- 2015