Search

Background: Dioctophyme renale, also known as "giant kidney worm", is a cosmopolitan parasite, which usually affects domestic and wildlife canids in wetlands. Nephrotomy and nephrectomy are the only treatment options. Laparoscopic nephrectomy for dioctophymosis was first performed in veterinary patients in the late 90's. Canine pyometra is one of the most frequent surgical disorder in the small animal setting. The purpose of this study was to report a case of successful one-stage laparoscopic approach for nephrectomy and ovariohysterectomy in a bitch. Case: A female stray dog, rescued from a riverside community, was presenting hematuria. Abdominal echography revealed presence of Dioctophyme renale worms within the right renal parenchyma. Moreover, the uterus was moderately filled by anechoic content. The patient was clinically stable and undergone laparoscopy. A 10-mm trocar was established at the middle third of the right flank, followed by 12-mmHg CO2 insufflation. The telescope was inserted and a giant worm was seen free within the abdominal cavity. A second 10-mm port was inserted cranial and dorsally to the first one. The parasite was retrieved using a laparoscopic Kelly forceps. A third 5-mm trocar was inserted in a classic laparoscopic triangulation port positioning. Renal artery and vein were individually triple ligated using titanium clips and then transected. The right ovarian pedicle was sequentially coagulated and transected using laparoscopic bipolar forceps. The right kidney was then dissected and detached from the abdominal wall, followed by cauterization and transection of the left ovarian pedicle. The uterus was exposed out of the abdominal cavity through the 5-mm port access. Uterine body and vessels were double ligated using polyglactin 910, with transfixating ligatures, and then transected. The opening of the retrieval bag was exposed through the cranial port site incision. Eight dioctophyme worms and the kidney sections were withdrawn through the sac using a Kelly hemostat. Abdominal wounds were closed in two layers using cross-mattress polyglactin 910 sutures. Skin was closed using interrupted horizontal mattress nylon sutures. Patient was discharged on the early post-op, receiving tramadol chloride and sodium dipyrone for three days and enrofloxacin for seven days. The patient recovered uneventfully. Owner was contacted by phone eight months following surgery, which informed the bitch was clinically stable. Discussion: Riverside stray dogs present high incidence of dioctophymosis worldwide, due to irregular feeding and consequent intake of intermediate hosts. The reported patient met those features, without previous background regarding infestation episode. It presented hematuria, which usually results from renal parenchyma consumption by the worms. The patient was retrieved nine dioctophyme worms. Laparoscopic approach for nephrectomy has already been reported in veterinary patients, as well as three-port lap-assisted OVH have been performed. Innovative aspect of this case report concerns the one-stage laparoscopic approach for both nephrectomy and OVH. Moreover, the procedures required only three-port access, which was considered a suitable and safe minimally invasive approach in dogs affected by Dioctophyme renale and concurrent indication for OVH. The three-port access shown is adequate to perform one-stage nephrectomy and ovariohysterectomy in bitches, for reaching benefits of laparoscopic surgery in comparison to conventional approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignant tumor with low survival rates that is often diagnosed belatedly. Pericardial effusion is a common consequence in cases of mesothelioma, with pericardiocentesis and pericardiectomy indicated; therefor thoracocentesis is necessary to drain the contents no longer retained in the pericardium. The present report describes a mesothelioma-carrying dog with a history of cardiac tamponade that underwent thoracoscopic pericardiectomy and, later, thoracoscopic implantation of a fully implantable catheter to function as a thoracic drain. In the consulted literature, there is no use of a fully implantable catheter for this purpose. The authors consider that there was an improvement in the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O presente relato descreve a utilização da colopexia videoassistida por meio de dois portais de acesso em um caso de cão com prolapso retal recidivante. Após abordagem laparoscópica, o cólon descendente foi tracionado em sentido caudocranial, promovendo-se a redução do prolapso. O acesso pré-púbico foi ampliado, exteriorizando-se o bordo antimesentérico do cólon, no qual se realizou incisão seromuscular de tamanho correspondente à realizada na parede muscular, criando uma ferida de aproximadamente 2,5cm de extensão. A fixação à bainha muscular interna se deu através de sutura contínua simples empregando fio de ácido poliglicólico n° 2-0. Não houve complicações no trans-operatório, bem como indícios de recidiva ou episódios de tenesmo e disquesia após seis meses da intervenção cirúrgica. A colopexia videoassistida descrita é uma alternativa à técnica convencional na correção de prolapso retal recidivante em cães.This report describes a two portals video-assisted colopexy technique in a case of dog with recurrent rectal prolapse. After laparoscopic approach, the descending colon was pulled in a caudocranial direction to promote the prolapse reduction. The prepubic laparoscopic access was enlarged for the exteriorization of colon's antimesenteric border, which was incised in its seromuscular layer with a similar size of the muscular wall incision, creating a 2,5cm wound. The colopexy on the internal muscular sheath was performed using a simple continuous pattern with 2-0 polyglycolic acid. There were no transoperative complications, as well as evidence of recurrence or episodes of tenesmus and dyschezia for at least six months after surgery. The video-assisted colopexy described is an alternative to the conventional technique of recurrent rectal prolapse treatment in dogs.

A Toracoscopia é um método que permite a visibilização da cavidade torácica através de endoscópio rígido ou flexível. Dentre as indicações para a utilização de toracoscopia em animais, são citadas: avaliações em casos de pleuropneumonia, suspeita de neoplasias intratorácicas, presença de aderências, pericardites e abscessos pulmonares. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de ressecção de lipoma intratorácico via toracoscopia em um cão encaminhado ao Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Pará. Foi encaminhado ao HV-UFPA um cão, Bulldog Francês, 5 anos, macho que apresentava dispnéia, tosse, taquipnéia, cianose, cansaço fácil e uma massa de aproximadamente 3cm de raio aderida à base cardíaca. A avaliação ultrassonográfica revelou efusão pericárdica, ventrículo esquerdo aumentado e neoformação extracardíaca. Após avaliação clínica, o método cirúrgico de escolha foi a toracoscopia com abordagem diafragmática paraxifóide, uma vez que permite melhor visualização do mediastino e pericárdio, além de menor trauma cirúrgico. Para a realização da técnica utilizou-se torre de videocirurgia, uma ótica de 10mm 30 graus, dois trocateres de tamanho 5mm e 10mm, o que possibilitou a realização da técnica cirúrgica a partir de 3 acessos, dentre eles: osso xifóide, paraxifóide e 10° EIC. A manipulação dos tecidos foi executada com a pinça Maryland. Quando realizada a toracoscopia exploratória viu-se que a massa se encontrava no mediastino com uma porção próxima ao pericárdio. Foi realizada a total ressecção da massa com tesoura videocirúrgica, a amostra tecidual foi coletada com pinça de biópsia e encaminhada para exame histopatológico, em que concluiu-se que se tratava de um lipoma. Após a toracoscopia o paciente foi submetido a orquiectomia e estafilectomia eletiva. O procedimento foi um sucesso. Conclui-se então que a ressecção de lipoma via toracoscopia é um procedimento considerado eficiente, sendo abordagem minimamente invasiva e boa recuperação do animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The main indications to splenectomy in dogs are splenic neoplasms and torsions as well as serious injuries and hemolytic diseases refractory to medical therapy. Animal laparoscopic splenectomy is basically described in experimental studies, while in humans the technique has been established as a standard surgical treatment of splenic disorders. Due to the shortage of reports showing the applicability of this technique in veterinary routine, this study aimed to report a case of laparoscopic splenectomy using bipolar hemostasis and transparietal sutures in a dog that presented splenic mass. Case: A 12-years-old dachshund male was referred for splenectomy due to suspected of splenic neoplasm, after observation of splenic nodules during an ultrasound examination. The splenectomy was performed by videosurgery, with three portal accesses after clinical and laboratory evaluation. The first portal was positioned laterally to the fourth right mammary gland, and the second one in the umbilicus scar; the third one was introduced by paramedian access, laterally to the penis (on the left position). After establishment of CO2 pneumoperitoneum was visualized the splenic mass and performed the first temporary transparietal suture using nylon 0; the spleen was elevated in order to exposure the branches of the splenic vessels. It was realized bipolar cauterization and splenic ablation, near to the organ surface. The lifting spleen procedure (transparietal suture) was performed additionally more two times, allowing complete hemostasis of the splenic branches and their subsequent section. After splenic excision, it was allocated in retrieval bag for removal tissues by the second portal. The suture of the orifices in the abdominal wall was done with cruciate mattress suture (polyglactin 910 2-0); the same material and standard were used to reduce the subcutaneous space. Skin suture was performed with nylon 4-0 and simple interrupted points. The excised organ was analyzed by histopathological exam and it revealed a splenic nodular hyperplasia. Discussion: The pathological changes in the spleen could be neoplastic or not neoplastic, and it usually appears as a generalized splenomegaly or nodular organ. In this case, it was opted to perform total splenectomy considering that the neoplasms have significantly higher occurrence than other pathologic processes, the incidence of splenic changes is greater in seniors, the most part of spleen neoplasms are malignant, and the histopathological analysis is essential to distinguish the abnormalities. Additionally, the option is supported by the indication of other authors, who suggest the analysis of the entire surgical specimen. Despite the conventional splenectomy is commonly performed in dogs, the procedure was performed laparoscopically in order to minimize postoperative complications and discomfort, reduce the time of hospitalization and rehabilitation and to obtain a better cosmetic effect, considering the small size of the mass. Bipolar cauterization was performed near to the hilum, and in order tofacilitate hemostasis, maneuvers as a spleen elevation with transparietals sutures were important to the procedure success. Comparing to the conventional procedure, when a large abdominal incision in the ventral midline is necessary for proper exposure of the spleen, minimally invasive techniques become a less traumatic option; especially in the spleen, an abdominal organ easily accessed by laparoscopy. It is possible diagnosis and treatment of splenic diseases in a unique section. We concluded that laparoscopic splenectomy is feasible and safe in dogs, making it a suitable choice of surgical treatment for selected splenic masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sialocele or salivary mucocele is the accumulation of saliva in the glandular connective tissue due to a leakage from damaged salivary duct, which is surrounded by granulation tissue. The mucocele can be classified according to its location (cervical, pharyngeal or sublingual, the latter being known as ranula). The treatment consists of salivary gland and duct excision. However, in some cases, the definition of which side is affected is a challenge for surgeons. Keeping this in view, the aim of the present study was to describe the use of rigid endoscopy to determine the affected gland in a dog with cervical mucocele. Case: A five-year-old Dachshund, weighting 8.2 kg, was presenting progressive swelling in the ventral cervical area. The animal presented apathy, appetite loss and saliva drooling. A fluctuant, non-painful, fluid filled mass was noted on physical examination. Sialocele was diagnosed and surgery was undertaken to excise the involved gland and mass. The patient was positioned in dorsal recumbence. A skin incision was performed in the cranial-ventral aspect of the mass as it was not possible to precise the affected side. Following drainage of the content, the inner aspect of the sialocele capsule was digitally palpated using the surgeon's index finger. However, it was still not possible to determinate the affected side. A purse-string suture was performed around the incision and a 10mm cannula was inserted into the sialocele lumen. The cavity was insufflated with CO2, then using a 0° 10 mm endoscope, the whole extension of the capsule was inspected. On the right side, the wall was round shaped, suggesting the presence of the right gland compressing the wall of the affected gland to the left. On the left side, there were some recesses and irregular surfaces, and an orifice was identified, suggesting the presence of the ducts opening. Therefore, the left sublingual and mandibular glands were excised conventionally. The procedure lasted 150 min and it was performed uneventfully. The patient was followed-up for seven days and skin sutures were removed after complete primary intention healing. Thirty days postoperative the patient presented no signs of recurrence. Discussion: Although several maneuvers were performed in order to diagnose the affected side in the current report, some doubt remained. Thus, endoscopic diagnosis was tested, which has not been reported for that purpose in the author's knowledge. Although not completely conclusive, such examination provided strong basis that the left side was affected. A month after the treatment, recurrence did not occur, which is usually one of the most common complications. Therefore, the exam purposed in this report fulfilled its expectancies, suggesting that rigid endoscopy may be used as a new tool for identification of which side and gland are involved in complicated extensive salivary mucoceles cases. Another important aspect of the procedure was the insufflation of the mucocele cavity that allowed the inner capsule inspection and did not result in subcutaneous emphysema. It was applied a pressure of 15 mmHg, higher than routinely used for laparoscopy in dogs, since it is a limited region, and presents reduced risk of subcutaneous absorption or alteration by compression. In conclusion, endoscopic view of the sialocele inner capsule is feasible in dogs as an adjunct for diagnosing the affected side in complicated cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico decorre do fluxo de conteúdo gastroduodenal para o esôfago e/ou órgãos adjacentes, o que leva à ampla gama de sinais e implicações clínicas. A incidência de refluxo gastroesofágico transoperatório em caninos é desconhecida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio da endoscopia flexível, avaliar a presença e quantificar o refluxo gastroesofágico em cadelas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia por duas abordagens cirúrgicas (convencional e videoassistida com dois portais), pré-medicadas com morfina. Cem por cento das cadelas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia videoassistida e 30% das cadelas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia convencional apresentaram algum grau de refluxo. A intensidade dos refluxos foi maior nas cadelas submetidas ao procedimento minimamente invasivo, visto que elas (10 entre 10 animais) apresentaram, no mínimo, um refluxo classificado em R4, enquanto as outras (três entre 10) apresentaram, no máximo, refluxos em grau R3, de acordo com a escala planejada para esta pesquisa. Concluiu-se que os procedimentos laparoscópicos sob o protocolo anestésico utilizado promovem mais refluxo gastroesofágico que os convencionais.