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The objective of this multicentre retrospective study was to describe clinical presentation, treatment and outcome and to determine prognostic factors for dogs with presumed primary colorectal lymphoma ( PCRL). A total of 31 dogs were included. The predominant features of PCRL were high grade ( n = 18) and immunophenotype B ( n = 24). Most dogs were substage b ( n = 25) with higher prevalence of haematochezia ( n = 20). One dog had surgery only. Thirty dogs received chemotherapy; amongst them 13 had surgery or radiotherapy. Progression free survival ( PFS) was 1318 days and disease-related median survival time ( MST) was 1845 days. Fourteen dogs were alive at the end of the study with a median follow-up time of 684 days (3-4678 days). Younger dogs had longer PFS ( P = 0.031) and disease-related MST ( P = 0.01). Presence of haematochezia corresponded with longer PFS ( P = 0.02). Addition of local treatment to chemotherapy did not significantly improve the outcome ( P = 0.584). Canine PCRL has considerably longer PFS and MST than other forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is the most common oral malignancy in dogs. This retrospective study evaluated adjuvant carboplatin chemotherapy (with or without radiation therapy) in 17 dogs with malignant oral melanoma following surgical resection. The median dosage and number of doses of carboplatin administered to the 17 dogs was 300 mg m−2 (range, 150-300 mg m−2) and 4 (range, 2-11), respectively. The overall median progression-free survival for all dogs was 259 days [95% confidence interval ( CI95), 119-399 days]. The first progression-free survival event was local recurrence in seven dogs (41%) and metastases in seven dogs (41%). The median overall survival for all dogs was 440 days ( CI95, 247-633 days). The tumour was the cause of death in 10 dogs (59%). On the basis of this study, systemic therapy with carboplatin may be an appropriate adjunct to local treatment for canine malignant melanoma, although future prospective controlled studies are needed to compare treatment modalities for this aggressive neoplasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Effective treatments for dogs with advanced stage mast cell tumors ( MCT) remain a pressing need. A micellar formulation of paclitaxel (paclitaxel [micellar]) has shown promise in early-phase studies. Hypothesis/Objectives The objective was to demonstrate greater activity for paclitaxel (micellar) compared with lomustine. The null hypothesis was μp = μL (ie, proportion of responders for the paclitaxel [micellar] and lomustine groups, respectively). Animals Two hundred and fifty-two dogs with advanced stage nonresectable grade 2 or 3 MCT. Methods Prospective multicenter randomized double-blind positive-controlled clinical trial. The primary endpoint was confirmed overall response rate ( CORR) at 14 weeks. A secondary endpoint, biologic observed response rate ( BORR), also was calculated. Safety was assessed by the characterization and grading of adverse events ( AE). Results Overall CORR (7% versus 1%; P = .048) and BORR (23% versus 10%; P = .012) were greater for paclitaxel (micellar) compared with lomustine. Paclitaxel (micellar)-treated dogs were 6.5 times more likely to have a confirmed response and 3.1 times more likely to experience a biologic observed response. The majority of AE with paclitaxel (micellar) were transient and clinically manageable. Twenty-seven dogs (33%) receiving lomustine were discontinued because of hepatopathy compared with 3 dogs (2%) receiving paclitaxel (micellar) ( P < .0001; odds ratio 26.7). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Paclitaxel (micellar)'s activity and safety profile are superior to lomustine. The addition of an active and novel taxane to the veterinary armamentarium could fill a substantial need and, as its mechanism of action and AE profile do not overlap with currently available TKI, its availability could lead to effective combination protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adding mitoxantrone to a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine,l-asparaginase and prednisone containing protocol. Sixty-five dogs with multicentric lymphoma were evaluated for overall remission and survival times. Remission and survival time versus stage, substage, pretreatment hypercalcaemia and pretreatment steroid administration were also evaluated. Overall median remission for dogs with multicentric lymphoma was 302 days and overall median survival was 622 days. Of the dogs with multicentric lymphoma, 23 (35%) received all scheduled mitoxantrone doses. Only median survival versus substage was found to be significant (substage a median survival was 679 days and substage b median survival was 302 days, P = 0.025). Increasing the total combined dose of doxorubicin and mitoxantrone may improve remission times when compared with historical controls, and further studies are needed to determine how best to utilize mitoxantrone in multidrug chemotherapy protocols for canine multicentric lymphoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background In humans geographical differences in the incidence and presentation of various cancers have been reported. However, much of this information has not been collected in veterinary oncology. Aim The purpose of this study was to determine if a geographic difference in progression free survival exists for dogs with lymphoma treated within the US. Materials and Methods Medical records of 775 cases of canine lymphoma from 3 US regions (west, south and north), treated with CHOP chemotherapy, were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were collected from referral institutions and were required to have received at least one doxorubicin treatment and have follow up information regarding time to progression. Results Significant differences in sex ( p = 0.05), weight ( p = 0.049), stage ( p < 0.001), immunophenotype ( p = <0.001), and number of doxorubicin doses ( p = 0.001) were seen between regions. Upon univariate analysis, progression free survival (PFS) differed by region ( p = 0.006), stage ( p = 0.009), sub-stage ( p = 0.0005), and immunophenotype ( p = 0.001). A multivariable Cox regression model showed that dogs in the western region had a significantly shorter PFS when compared to the south and east. Conclusion PFS was significantly affected by stage, sub-stage and phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]