1. Proanthocyanidin polymeric tannins from Stryphnodendron adstringens are effective against Candida spp. isolates and for vaginal candidiasis treatment.
- Author
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de Freitas ALD, Kaplum V, Rossi DCP, da Silva LBR, Melhem MSC, Taborda CP, de Mello JCP, Nakamura CV, and Ishida K
- Subjects
- Administration, Intravaginal, Animals, Antifungal Agents administration & dosage, Antifungal Agents isolation & purification, Biofilms growth & development, Candida albicans growth & development, Candida glabrata growth & development, Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal microbiology, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Gels, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Phytotherapy, Plant Bark, Plant Extracts administration & dosage, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Plant Stems, Plants, Medicinal, Proanthocyanidins administration & dosage, Proanthocyanidins isolation & purification, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Biofilms drug effects, Candida albicans drug effects, Candida glabrata drug effects, Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal drug therapy, Fabaceae chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Proanthocyanidins pharmacology
- Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The stem bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville is popularly used as anti-inflammatory, astringent and in the treatment of wounds and vaginal infections. Several pharmacological activities have been scientifically proven by in vitro and in vivo experimental assays for antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoan, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant., Aim of the Study: We investigated whether proanthocyanidin polymeric tannins from the Stryphnodendron adstringens stem bark with antifungal activity against Candida albicans in vitro are also active against planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida non-albicans (CNA, including fluconazole-resistant isolates) and are capable of controlling Candida vaginitis in vivo., Materials and Methods: A total of 46 clinical isolates and 5 reference Candida spp. strains were used in this study. The antifungal effects in vitro of tannins (F2 and sub-fraction F2.4) from S. adstringens stem bark were evaluated using a broth microdilution assay (for planktonic yeasts and biofilm dispersion cells) or by XTT assay (for biofilm sessile cells). For in vivo antifungal activity analysis, mice with vaginal infection by C. albicans or C. glabrata were treated with a topical gel containing F2 (alone or combined with oral fluconazole), and the vaginal histopathology and fungal burden (by CFU counts from vaginal homogenates) were analyzed., Results: F2 and F2.4 inhibited the proliferation of planktonic cells of Candida spp., especially that of fluconazole- and/or amphotericin B-resistant isolates. F2 and F2.4 also inhibited the proliferation of Candida biofilm dispersion cells. Moreover, a gel containing F2 efficiently controlled vaginal infection by C. albicans and C. glabrata in mice, with no noticeable toxicity to vaginal tissue., Conclusions: Our data show that proanthocyanidin polymeric tannins obtained from S. adstringens have antifungal activity in vitro against C. albicans and CNA (including fluconazole-resistant isolates) and presented efficacy in the control of candidiasis in murine model. Therefore, these tannins have potential use in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis, representing interesting alternatives to current antifungals., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2018
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