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Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle-shaped cell neoplasm originally described in the pleura, but subsequently found in many anatomic sites. Only few cases of primary SFTs in the bone have been previously described in the literature. We present the case of an 86-year-old man with a 1-week history of pain in his left arm. Imaging studies demonstrated a well-defined osteolytic lesion in the proximal humerus measuring 6.1 cm in diameter. Sections showed a round to spindle-shaped cell neoplasm with prominent mitotic activity (28 mitoses per 10 high-power fields) and areas of necrosis, focally surrounding staghorn-shaped vessels. The tumor cells were positive for CD34, CD99, Bcl-2, and STAT6 and negative for smooth muscle actin, epithelial membrane antigen, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. These findings were consistent with a malignant SFT involving the left humerus. Although extremely rare, SFT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary bone tumors. This is the first case report of a primary SFT in a long bone with malignant histological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]