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Background: Combination therapy is an effective strategy for inhibiting cancer cells and stimulating the apoptosis gene, so the potential synergistic effects of combining Cassia fistula extract with cisplatin chemotherapy used in clinical practice have been studied. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of C. fistula extract in vitro as well as the precise molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods: For 24 h, the human colon cancer cell line SW480 was given a variety of doses of cisplatin and plant extract, as well as cisplatin with various concentrations of C. fistula. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the cisplatin, plant extract, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin with plant, and combination of cisplatin and plant against colon cancer cells. The expression of microRNA, BAX, and BCL2 was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The results showed that C. fistula extract exhibited higher cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells compared with untreated cells and showed synergistic effects when combined with cisplatin (CDDP). Cassia fistula extract induced cell apoptosis via the intrinsic (Bax and Bcl-2) apoptotic pathways and regulated the level expression of microRNA-145. In the SW480 cell line of colon cancer studies, C. fistula extract suppressed tumor growth through the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Our results showed synergistic effects when combined with IC50 of CDDP with Cassia extract through increasing the level of gene expression of Bax and reduced level expression of Bcl2. Also the regulated expression of microRNA-145. Conclusion: This study indicated that the synergistic of C. fistula extract and cisplatin significantly induce apoptosis by regulating the microRNA-145 gene, which is related to Bax and Bcl2 expression. Therefore, C. fistula, according to its cytotoxic and apoptotic activities, might be considered as a novel finding for the treatment of colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy processes are essential biological mechanisms control human cell survival and induction of cell death. Many researches indicate that cancer cells growth is affected by inhibition or induction of autophagy processes and laryngeal cancer "the most common type of head and neck cancer" is one of various types of tumors which effected by autophagy process. Numerous articles studied impact of adding autophagy inhibiter to cancer treatment protocol, and the current work study the in-vitro anticancer effect of doxorubicin alone and in combination with an autophagy inhibitor agent hydroxychloroquine against HEp-2 (laryngeal cancer) cell line. The present study suggested valuable effect of doxorubicin anticancer activity against HEp-2 cell line when used after hydroxychloroquine pretreatment, which may play promising role in treatment of laryngeal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although, chemotherapy still the main mode for managing cancer but its usage is limited by resistance and adverse effects which are depend on the dose. Other modes or techniques such as LASER irradiation, anti-cancer plant or nanometals particles can be used to solve this problem. In this study, we use three different agents (carboplatin, cassia fistula seed extract, and gold nanoparticles) where the cytotoxicity of them was investigated on prostate cancer (PC3) cell line. The PC3 cells were exposed to six doses for each of carboplatin, cassia fistula fruits extract, and gold nanoparticles. Then for each agent, the dose that gave significant decrease in the viability percent was used in combination with a constant dose of He-Ne laser (635 nm). From the results, we found that the inhibition percent was increased by the combination therapy as compared to the monotherapy for each agent. Also, the highest inhibition percent was observed in the combination of gold nanoparticles and 191 J/cm2 laser. In a conclusion, LAESR is an amazing technique to increase the cytotoxicity of the classical and non-classical methods for treating cancer especially its use in combination with gold nano-particles in the photo-thermal technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Photobiomodulation-based therapy, a process that causes biological changes in organisms due to interaction with atoms or molecules by photons. Viscum album is often prescribed to improve many health issues. white-berry mistletoe extracts have been used in complementary and alternative cancer therapy in Europe. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the effect of a green laser (?= 532nm, Power= 286mW), Viscum album, and their combination on the viability (cytotoxic or enhancement) of colorectal cancer HCT-116 cell line after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation periods. Materials and Methods: Colorectal cell plates (HCT-116 cell line) grown in culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) were irradiated with a green laser, treated with the Viscum album extract, and treated with the combination of them and plates incubated for 24,48, and 72 hours respectively. Crystal violet assay used to determine the viability of the cells in all the experiments, and the intensity of color was measured by plate reader. Results: Green laser results showed a considerable decrease (P=0.001) after 48 and 72 hours incubation time in the viability percent, Viscum album extract appeared a considerable decrease in the viability percent (P=0.001) for all concentrations and the most effective concentration was 1000 µg/ml, and the combination results showed a significant decrease in cell viability percent (p=0.001) for all concentrations as compared with the control group. Conclusion: It was concluded that the higher concentration (1000µg/ml) of V. album had a better anticancer effect on HCT-116 cell line for 24,48 and 72 hours. The laser had a better anticancer effect after 48 and 72 hours. The combination results had a synergism effect by reducing the cell number more than using the Viscum album or a green laser separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, ¹H NMR & 13C NMR spectrophotometric techniques. The target compounds are designed as analogues for the anti-cancer agent Combretastatin A-4 with different aliphatic side substituents. The anticancer activity of the synthesized compounds was studied against colon cancer cell line SW480 using the crystal violet cytotoxicity assay. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds have growth inhibitive effect on the cancer cells with different inhibition levels. Compound 5a with -SMe group was found to be the most active one with 77.4% cell growth inhibition and 10 µM IC50 value, it was also found to have relatively low cytotoxicity when tested against MDCK normal cells. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was tested using DPPH assay against ascorbic acid as a reference antioxidant agent at 50µM. Compound 4 showed highest antioxidant activity with DPPH radical scavenging capacity of 71%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a significant rise in the prevalence of colon cancer worldwide. A variety of therapeutic approaches have been tried, but none have been successful due to the aggressive spread of the tumor. Natural products derived from plants have traditionally been used in the medical field. Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of Cassia Fistula cytotoxicity on a colon cancer cell line and the synergy between Cassia fistulae extract and cisplatin significantly to induce apoptosis through upregulation of p53 and Msh2. Material and methods: Real-Time polymerase chain reaction indicated that gene expression proteins were likely involved in the pathway when the cytotoxicity potential of the plant extract on colon cancer cells was assessed using the (MTT) test. The database search techniques used with colon cancer cells identified the p53 gene and Msh2 gene's apoptotic function. Results: Aqueous extract of the plant was most toxic to cancer cells. Further, p53 gene expression and Msh2 were observed to be high in cells treated with the plant extracts of C. fistula and IC50of cisplatin (CDDP) +Cassia Fistula suggesting an involvement of mitochondrial proteins in the colon cancer cell apoptosis. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that Cassia fistula extracts significantly regulate p53 and Msh2 expression to induce apoptosis. According to its cytotoxic and apoptotic action, Cassia fistula can be considered as a new discovery for the treatment of colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]