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Abstract: In this study, we report a scalable, fast, and easy method for preparation of organophilic chemically functionalized graphene (OCFG) sheets. The basic strategy involved the preparation of graphite oxide (GO) and the complete exfoliation of GO into graphene oxide sheets, followed by reacting with 1-bromobutane to obtain OCFG sheets. Thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the functionalization of GO. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to demonstrate the structure of produced graphene oxide and OCFG sheets. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy confirmed that OCFG sheets disperse well in organic solvents and the solutions obey Beer’s law. The resulting organic dispersions are homogeneous, exhibit long-term stability, and are made up of graphene sheets a few hundred nanometers large. The ability to prepare graphene dispersions in organic media facilitates their combination with polymers to yield homogeneous composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

3-Acyl-5-nitroisoxazoles were synthesized by heating 5,5,5-trinitropentan-2-one with LiCl in DMF at 100 °C as well as by heating oximino derivatives of 5,5,5-trinitro-, 5-chloro-5,5-dinitropentan-2-one or 4,4,4-trinitro- and 4-chloro-4,4-dinitro-1-phenylbutan-1-one in organic solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple bis(imidazolium) dication, 1,4-bis[N-(N′-hydroimidazolium)]butane, can act as a new template for formation of [2]pseudorotaxane with pillar[5]arene, in which the dethreading/rethreading process can be controlled by addition of base and acid. The effect on the association constant of both the solvent and counterion is also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]