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This project has multiple purposes: (1) to develop a representative sample of private sector firms in Turkey through truly probabilistic sampling processes, (2) based on this sample, to explore the general profiles of firms in Turkey in terms of three organizational culture elements identified in the literature as key drivers of superior firm performance; namely, Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Entrepreneurial Orientation, (3) to examine the effects of these cultural factors, on their Innovative Capacity, and (4) to further examine the joint effects of cultural orientations and Innovative Capacity on aspects of long-term firm performance. To these ends, a sample of 441 firms has been developed and data have been collected from the managers and employees of these firms (2720 questionnaires). The data have been analyzed in order to test the hypothesized relationships across the study constructs, and several insights have been derived. Foremost, the results indicate that the three cultural orientations are very strong determinants of Innovative Capacity and a number of performance indicators, including long-term profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]