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The coronavirus pandemic has affected millions of lives around the world. The availability of personal protective equipment at a low cost has been an important factor in determining the well-being of frontline health workers who are integral to the global response to COVID-19. This paper discusses the design and development of a low-cost open-source powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) for medical professionals which costs approximately INR 10,000. We detail the assembling process for this respirator using widely available components that allows for easy scale-up and replication in any country, thereby ensuring the safety of frontline health and sanitation workers who are at an elevated risk of contracting COVID-19. We worked with doctors at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences to test the prototype for airflow under varying battery life conditions and found it to provide 10 CFM airflow (1.7 times the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) airflow requirements) for over 7 hours without any long term effects due to noise from the actuators.

Rebar Bending is one of the important trade in the construction industry. Major motor skill like force of bend, bend angle accuracy, lever positioning, lever tilting are guiding factor for doing the manual rebar bending process. To be an expert in rebar bending, one should need at least 3 to 4 years of field experience, to learn all motor skill parameters. This paper describes in detail the skill parameters involved during the manual rebar bending process through experimental methods. Comparing the expert data with novice which outline the design of real time guidance system for effective skill transfer and learning. The lever positioning skill learning in manual rebar bending process projected a high accuracy with the help of feedback system.