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The thyroid gland plays a significant role in the metabolism and proliferation of blood cells, hematological disorders are frequently observed in patients with thyroid disorders, and the most frequent problem is anemia. The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the prevalence and types of thyroid dysfunction and their association with anemia in different gender stratified by age in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Four years of data from July 2016 to July 2020 for 9992 study subjects were collected. Statistical analysis was performed based on thyroid disorder and anemia stratified by gender and age subgroup. The mean age of the study subject was 43.4 ± 15.8 years, and females constituted 61.7% of cases. Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 49.76% (4973), and subclinical hypothyroidism was the most prevalent type (3922/9992), followed by primary hypothyroidism (530/9992). Females have a significantly higher overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction than males (p &lt, 0.05). Anemia was detected in 1344 females and 465 males with a thyroid disorder, and also, the prevalence was significantly higher (p &lt, 0.05), compared to the normal thyroid group. Thyroid disorders are a common problem in our population, more prevalent in females than males, with the peak age of above 30 years, and are associated with an increased prevalence of anemia.

Objective: To examine whether the platelet index would be applicable for the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: In this study, 64 CAP patients (the case group) and 68 healthy children (the control group) were included from 2017 to 2018. Baseline variables were recorded including total white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, red blood cells, platelet, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein, and compared between the case group and the control group. The cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelet larger cell ratio were calculated by receiver-operating characteristic curves. Results: The median platelet count of the case group and the control group were (411.09±67.40) mm3 and (334.48±78.15) mm3, respectively (P=0.000). The median neutrophil count of the case group was higher than that of the control group (P=0.000), while the lymphocyte level of the case group was lower (P=0.000). Differences in other variables including the mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusions: Due to the different levels of platelet, neutrophil and lymphocyte indices in the case and the control group, these indices can be used simultaneously for the diagnosis of CAP.

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which can be acquired by oral contact and may cause severe health problems especially for pregnant (congenital toxoplasmosis) and immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to verify the diagnostic significance of hematological parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) for toxoplasmosis acute detection. A case-control study was carried out between December 2017 and May 2018, in samples of convenience independent of age and sex. The case group was formed by 25 patients with positive anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG/IgM antibody and the control group was formed by 21 patients with non-positive anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG/IgM antibody. The results of the hematological parameters and CRP were analyzed in these patients. The patients with Toxoplasma gondii IgM antibody reagent showed higher lymphocytes counting and lower neutrophils counting than the control group. C-reactive protein levels were not different between the groups case and control. ROC curve analysis highlighted that the cut-off value of > 32.00% for lymphocytes and

Introduction: Human adaptation to high altitude is due to characteristic adjustments at every physiological level. Differences in lipid profile and cardiovascular risk factors in altitude dwellers have been previously explored. Nevertheless, there are no reports available on genotype-controlled matches among different altitude-adapted indigenous populations.Objective: To explore the possible differences in plasma lipid profile and cardiovascular risk among autochthonous Kiwcha people inhabitants of low and high-altitude locations.Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis of plasmatic lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk factors in lowland Kiwchas from Limoncocha (230 m) and high-altitude Kiwchas from Oyacachi (3,800 m).Results: In the low altitude group, 66% were women (n = 78) and 34% (n = 40) were men, whereas in the high altitude group, 59% (n = 56) were women and 41% (n = 41%) were men. We found the proportion of overweight and obese individuals to be higher among low altitude dwellers (p < 0.05). Red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin concentration, and SpO2% were higher among high altitude dwellers and the erythrocyte size was found to be smaller at high altitude. The group located at low altitude also showed lower levels of plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), but most of these differences are not influenced by gender or elevation.Conclusions: Living at an altitude elicits well-known adaptive physiological changes such as erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit level, and serum glucose level. We also report clinical differences in the plasma lipid profile, with higher levels of cholesterol, HDL, and LDL in inhabitants of the Andes Mountain vs. their Amazonian basin peers. Despite this, we did not find significant differences in cardiovascular risk.

Background and Aim: Theileriosis is a parasitic disease caused by the hemoprotozoan Theileria spp. The main transmission route of this disease is through tick vector bite. Theileriosis causes economic losses in livestock such as Bali cattle. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of theileriosis and its correlation with the hematological profile of Bali cattle from the subdistrict of Muara Bulian, Batang Hari, Jambi, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Ninety-four blood samples were collected through jugular vein of Bali cattle. The presence of Theileria spp. was determined using blood smear. Routine blood tests and double-staining immunohistochemistry against CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes were conducted on all blood samples. Results: A total of 34.04% of the samples were infected by Theileria spp. Theileriosis affected only hemoglobin level (p0.05). However, it also decreased CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (p

Background Blastocystis spp. are considered pathogenic or commensal organisms, although the majority of researchers suggest that these are neglected pathogens. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis spp. in pre- and perimenopausal women, with respect to socio-demographic (age and place of residence), and epidemiological factors, as well as drinking tap water, contact with domestic animals, traveling abroad, health status, and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, the objective was to compare hematological and biochemical parameters of Blastocystis spp. infected and uninfected women. Methods The study included 425 women aged 45–60. Their stool samples were examined microscopically and analyzed by a conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR). Results Blastocystis spp. were detected in 6.1% of pre- and perimenopausal women. Molecular analysis of the stool samples identified seven Blastocystis subtypes (ST1–ST4, ST6, ST7, and ST9). Blastocystis subtypes 2 and 3 were the most prevalent. The presence of Blastocystis spp. was not significantly related to socio-demographic and epidemiological factors. There were also no significant associations between Blastocystis spp. and blood parameters, or gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion This study complements the limited available data on the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in pre- and perimenopausal women. It is also the first report showing the presence of Blastocystis subtype 9 in Poland.

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals causing vesicular erosions in the oral cavity and interdigital space. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the time-dependent changes in clinical, hematological, and biochemical profiles in different breeds of cattle following experimental infection. Materials and Methods: The animals were inoculated with 1.0×104 50% bovine tongue infectious dose (BTID50) by intradermolingual route. Clinical signs were observed, and blood/serum samples were collected at different time intervals. Results: The white blood cell count declined sharply on days 7-13 and recovered on day 14 post-FMD infection. Biochemical analysis of serum markers for vital organ profile revealed no marked damage. However, a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) value indicated pre-renal azotemia. Transient hyperthyroidism was indicated by the rise in T3 and T4 that can be correlated with a decrease in triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. In the cardiac damage assessment study, a distinct breed difference was observed wherein Malnad Gidda calves showed no cardiac damage. Conclusion: Except thyroid profile, BUN, and creatine kinase-myocardial band, all other serum biochemical parameters showed no significant abnormalities, whereas lymphopenia is the only hematological change and it is suggested that effective ameliorative measures should be targeted mainly on the feed/water intake, thyroid gland, and the level of lymphocytes.

Background In pregnancy, hematological changes occur in order to meet the demands of the developing fetus and placenta, with major alterations in blood volume. Abnormal hematological profile affects pregnancy and its outcome. This study aimed to assess hematological profiles of pregnant women at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Method This cross sectional study was conducted among 284 consecutive pregnant women at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire. About 4 ml of venous blood was collected from each participant for hematological parameters analysis using Cell-Dyn1800 (Abbott Laboratories Diagnostics Division, USA) and peripheral blood film review. Result There were differences in mean hematological parameters between trimesters: specifically differences in mean values of WBC (1stand 3rd), Hb(1stand2nd and 1st& 3rd), HCT (1stand2nd), RDW (1stand2nd and 1stand3rd), neutrophil and lymphocyte (1stand 2nd and 1stand3rd, for both) were statistically significant (p

Background: Studies comparing serum bilirubin trend and hematological profile of neonates with hemolytic and nonhemolytic etiology are limited. Apart from high bilirubin load, they are at increased risk of developing anemia in early days of life. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in neonatal unit on late preterm and term neonates (>35 weeks) with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (UH) to compare serum bilirubin trend (initial and peak), hematological profile (hemoglobin [Hb] and hematocrit [PCV]) (initial and at 3 months), between hemolytic and non-hemolytic cases. Result: Among 240 enrolled neonates, initial serum bilirubin level was higher in haemolytic group than non-hemolytic (mg/dl) (16.9 ± 3.2 vs. 14.6 ± 4.1; p

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:45:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-15 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study evaluated the effects of SOD-rich melon pulp concentrate (MPC) premix on growth performance, hematological profile and the antioxidant capacity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to heat/dissolved oxygen-induced stress (HDOIS). A group of 462 male Nile tilapia (8.87 ± 0.12 g) was randomly distributed in 42,250-L tank (11 fish/tank) and fed seven practical diets supplemented with graded levels of MPC (0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 1.0% MPC premix of diet; PM Melofeed 2.5, SOD activity min. 65,000 IU kg−1, Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France) with six replicate tank/diet. The diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein and 18 MJ kg−1 crude energy. After 60 days of feeding, growth performance was evaluated and six fish per treatment were sampled for hematological profile and analysis of the hepatic activity of key antioxidant enzymes. Then, remaining fish were subjected to HDOIS (34 °C/1.87 mg L−1 dissolved oxygen) for 2 days and the same hematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined. MPC supplementation was associated with the recruitment of hepatic antioxidant defense in the form of increased SOD activity prior and after HDOIS as well as of GR activity before HDOIS at 0.4% MPC and above. These levels of MPC supplementation were weakly associated with reduced level of muscle lipid oxidation. This trial indicates that MPC supplementation at or above 0.4% contributes to a better maintenance of antioxidant defense in Nile tilapia when exposed to HDOIS environmental stress. This is expected to yield biological benefits in the longer-term when Nile tilapia are chronically or repetitively exposed to similar environmental stressors as may be the case under intensive aquaculture conditions. Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Lallemand SAS, 19 rue des Briquetiers Department of Production and Plant Breeding UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Department of Production and Plant Breeding UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” FAPESP: #2017/13217-9

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of triploidization on hematological and blood gas parameters in Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii Brandt. The study material was comprised of juvenile Siberian sturgeon specimens with total body lengths of 22.3 ± 2.9 cm and mean body weights of 75.3 ± 40.7 g. Triploidization was confirmed to result in significant changes in the hematological profile of Siberian sturgeon. In comparison to the diploid group, the fish with higher levels of ploidy exhibited lower erythrocyte counts, increased hemoglobin concentration, and increased values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. A significant decrease in the percentage share of lymphocytes and an increase in the percentage share of granulocytes in the peripheral blood were also observed, which indicate disturbances in the immune response (particularly in the adaptive immune system) and greater susceptibility to stress. Triploidization did not, however, cause significant differences in the blood gas profile. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: M. Rozynski [+] Department of Aquaculture Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland Tel. +48 89 5241071; e-mail: maciej.rozynski@infish.com.pl K. Demska-Zakeś, D. Fopp-Bayat Department of Ichthyology University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

Preeclampsia is a specific syndrome in pregnancy that occur after 20 weeks gestation in women who were previously normotensive. Hypertension in pregnancy caused complications in cardiovascular, hematology, endocrine, metabolic and regional blood flow accompanied by disorders of various organs, resulting in an increase of hemoconcentration in haemoglobin. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hematology profile and birth weight in preeclampsia. the design of this study was cross sectional with a sample of 40 respondents, consisting of 20 preeclampsia women and 20 women normal pregnancy. The hematology profile assessed was haemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, platelet levels and blood sedimentation rates. The results showed haemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, platelet level and blood sedimentation rates in both groups were not significantly difference with p value in each category was 0,110; 0,163; 0,686 and 0,983 (p value >0,05). Thus this study concludes that the hematological profile and birth weight in preeclampsia and normal pregnancies are the same.

Background: A variety of hematological manifestations are seen at every stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and they often pose a great challenge in the comprehensive management of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Anemia is the most common hematological abnormality associated with HIV infection. The severity and the incidence of cytopenia are usually correlated with the stage of the disease and underlying immune status if interpreted cautiously, especially if the patient is on regular follow-up. The primary objective of the present study was to understand the spectrum of hematological abnormalities in HIV-infected patients, whereas the secondary objective was to evaluate the correlation of hematological abnormalities with absolute CD4 count and HIV viral load. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 patients, aged 18 years and above, diagnosed with HIV infection and confirmed by Western blot or ELISA method. Both inpatients and outpatients at our tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Results: Individuals with high viral load and low CD4 count had a higher prevalence of anemia. There was a statistically significant and directly proportionate decrease in the absolute CD4 count as the hemoglobin levels decreased (P = 0.004). In the present study, normocytic normochromic blood picture and anemia of chronic disease blood picture were more prevalent among the study participants. Individuals with high viral load and CD4 count

The aim of this study was to assess the changes in hematological and plasma indices of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.) with regard to age, sex, and hormonal treatment. Sixty specimens of C. idella, comprising fifteen of each age (6, 12, 24, and 36 months) were used to evaluate the age factor. Additionally, 20 fish, both females and males, were designated to determine blood indices with regard to sex and hormonal treatment. The following biochemical indexes were determined in the blood plasma: glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and total protein (TP). Glucose and triglyceride levels differed significantly among ages, and significant age-related differences were noted in the values of red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). There were no significant differences in any parameters between males and females. In conclusion, our results showed that the plasma parameter profile could be affected by age (RBC, WBC, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, glucose, triglycerides) and hormonal treatment (lymphocytes and eosinophils). The blood plasma biochemical and hematological profiles permitted assessing physiological state, which provided useful information for monitoring changes in the health status of the fish.

BACKGROUND: Thousands of pregnant women are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and some of them take antiretroviral therapy (ART) either for their own health or as a means of preventing mother-to-child transmission. This entails fetal exposure to drugs with attendant effect on hematological parameters. AIMS: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of maternal HIV and ART on hematological profile of newborns. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Comparative cross-sectional study involving 70 each of HIV- and ART-exposed and HIV- and ART-unexposed newborns at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cord blood was collected for hemogram, reticulocyte count, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean hematocrit, platelet, and reticulocyte counts of the HIV-exposed newborns were significantly lower than those of HIV-unexposed (P < 0.05). Among HIV-exposed newborns, newborns of mothers with CD4+ T-cell

Background Dengue fever (DF) outbreaks present regionally specific epidemiological and clinical characteristics. In certain medium-sized cities (100 000–250 000 inhabitants) of São Paulo State, Brazil, and after reaching an incidence of 150 cases/100 000 inhabitants (“epidemiological threshold”), clinical diagnosis indicated dengue virus (DENV) infection. During this period, other seasonally infectious diseases with symptoms and physical signs mimicking DF can simultaneously occur, with the consequential overcrowding of health care facilities as the principal drawbacks. Confirmation of clinical diagnosis of DF with serological tests may help in avoiding faulty diagnosis in patients, who might later undergo dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and the dengue-shock syndrome (DSS). Furthermore, demographic and hematological profiles of patients are useful in detecting specific early characteristics associated to DF, DHF and DSS. Methods From March to June, 2007, 456 patients from Marilia in northwest São Paulo State who had only been diagnosed for DF by clinical criteria, underwent serologic testing for non-structural 1 (NS1) DENV antigens. Individual results were used in comparative analysis according to demographic (gender, age) and hematological (leukocyte and platelet counts, percentage of atypical lymphocytes) profiles. Temporal patterns were evaluated by subdividing data according to time of initial attendance, using recorded variables as predictors of DENV infection in logistic regression models and ROC curves. Results Serologic DENV detection was positive in 70.6 % of the patients. Lower leukocyte and platelet counts were the most important factors in predicting DENV infection (respective medians DENV + = 3 715 cells/ml and DENV- = 6 760 cells/ml, and DENV + = 134 896 cells/ml and DENV- = 223 872 cells/ml). Furthermore, all demographic and hematological profiles presented a conservative temporal pattern throughout this long-lasting outbreak. Conclusions As consistency throughout the epidemic facilitated defining the conservation pattern throughout the early stages, this was useful for improving management during the remaining period. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-016-0177-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Trimester specific reference ranges of hematological indices were described in several populations; however, comparable reports among Sudanese women with normal pregnancy are lacking. To evaluate trimester pattern of change and reference ranges of hematological profile among Sudanese women with normal pregnancy, we followed 143 women with singleton gestation since early pregnancy until the third trimester in Saad Abu-Alela Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, during the period of January-December 2015. Obstetrics and medical history was gathered using questionnaire and hematological profile was investigated using hemo-analyser. The first, second and third trimester mean (SD) [5th- 95th centile] of hematological profile were as follow: RBC counts 4.30 (0.36) [3.69- 4.93], 4.35 (0.36) [3.69-4.93], 4.08 (0.44) [3.44-4.78] ×106/mm3; hemoglobin concentration 10.81 (1.22) [8.92-12.74], 10.62 (0.93) [9.00-12.10], 10.83 (1.13) [8.82- 12.60] g/dL; hematocrit 35.38 (3.52) [30.12-40.30], 34.43 (2.51) [30.58-38.23], 35.17 (3.18) 29.66-40.04] %; WBC counts 7.69 (1.96) [4.36-11.20], 8.45 (1.97) [5.48- 12.13], 8.36 (2.11) [5.00-11.96] ×103/mm3; platelet counts 278.02 (66.93) [182.6- 418.0], 251.96 (64.17) [163.8-381.8], 238.36 (57.10) [150.4-346.2] ×103/mm3. The present study is the first to establish trimester specific, reference range for hematological profile among Sudanese women with normal pregnancy. The trimester reference range of RBC, WBC and platelets and other hematological indices are mostly parallel to international records.

Objective: To evaluate the values of some major hematological parameters at different trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: The research involved 33 healthy pregnant women as the study group and 11 non-pregnant women as control. The age range of these women was 20-40 years. Ethical approval was obtained from Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Three milliliters of venous blood collected from the median cubital vein with minimum stasis were put into K+EDTA bottle. The blood was properly mixed and analyzed for packed cell volume (PCV), total white cell count, differential counts and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Hematology was done according to standard methods. Results: The result showed that study group exhibited statistically significant lower values of PCV, monocyte and lymphocyte while WBC, eosinophil and ESR were not significantly changed. There was no significant difference in all hematological parameters among the three trimesters. Conclusions: Healthy pregnancy may have effect on hematological parameters. Therefore, there is a need to monitor these parameters during pregnancy. We also find that stages of pregnancy have no influence on hematological parameters.

The aim of this study was to determine hematological profile of sickle cell disease (SCD) from Surat, South Gujarat, India. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics and Sickle Cell Anemia Laboratory, Faculty of Pathology, Government Medical College, Surat, India, between July 2009 and December 2010. Patients included in this study were in their steady state for a long period of time without any symptoms related to SCD or other diseases which could affect the hematological parameters. Venous blood of all patients was collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and hematological indices were measured. Thirty-three subjects homozygous in all were studied for their hematological parameters for sickle cell anemia. Moderate to severe anemia, low mean cell volume and high foetal hemoglobin dominate the hematological profile of SCD children.

Introduction: In India, approximately 6 million populations are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Anemia and leukopenia, especially thrombocytopenia is seen commonly in HIV infections. Low CD4+ count and increased viral load are some of the factors associated with increased risk of thrombocytopenia. We analyzed the hematological profile in a group of 150 HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective and prospective study of medical records of 150 HIV positive patients at Clinical Pathology laboratory at our institution was done between August 1^(st) and October 15^(th), 2011 using nonrandom sampling. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, red cell indices, total leukocyte and differential count, CD4+ and platelet count were noted. Results: Of the 150 patients, 40 (26.67%) were below age 10 and 98 (65.33%) in 21-50 years age group. Eighty-six (57.33%) were females. Hundred patients had anemia (Hb ＜ 12 g/dl) of which 58% were microcytic hypochromic (MCHC). Eighteen patients had leukopenia along with anemia. Total number of patients with low CD4 count (＜ 200/μL) was 32 (21.33%) and all had hematological abnormalities, mostly anemias with few leukopenia and thrombocytopenias. All patients with pancytopenia had low CD4+ counts. Total number of patients with thrombocytopenia (＜ 1.5 lacs/dl) was 20 (13.33%). Four patients (2.67%) had pancytopenia. Conclusions: MCHC anemia is the most common morphological variant of anemia. Leukopenia was found to be consistently associated with anemia. Thus, anemia and to a greater extent leukopenia are bad prognostic indicators of disease. Pancytopenia may herald a low CD4+ count.