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Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de uma ação educativa sobre prevenção de doenças relacionadas aos hábitos de vida realizada em uma escola no Extremo Sul da Bahia. Método: Foram realizados 3 encontros de 4 horas, com 76 estudantes do nono ano. As sessões discutiram temas relacionados a medidas antropométricas, cardiometabólicas e nível de atividade física, a partir das informações dos estudantes, evidenciando a importância da prevenção de doenças. Resultados: Participaram ativamente 62 estudantes, com idade média de 14,74±0,95 anos. Os adolescentes associaram as informações de índice de massa corporal, relação cintura e quadril, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, nível de atividade física com as doenças relacionadas ao estilo de vida de cada encontro. Conclusão: Pode-se inferir que a ação contribuiu com o autoconhecimento dos estudantes sobre melhores hábitos de vida e prevenção de doenças.

Resumo Fundamento: Principal causa de morte em todo o mundo, as doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) e sua prevalência nos médicos cardiologistas são pouco conhecidas. Objetivos: Descrever os hábitos de vida e os fatores de risco cardiovascular e verificar a prevalência de diagnóstico, conhecimento e controle dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares (FRCV) de médicos cardiologistas associados e especialistas pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Métodos: Estudo multicêntrico nacional transversal que avaliou cardiologistas brasileiros por meio de questionário sobre hábitos de vida, doenças preexistentes, medicações em uso, medidas antropométricas, pressão arterial e dosagens de glicose e lípideos sanguíneos. Resultados: Foram avaliados 555 cardiologistas, 67,9% do sexo masculino, média de idade de 47,2±11,7 anos. A maioria era não tabagista (88,7%), fisicamente ativa (77,1%), consumia bebida alcóolica (78,2%), com circunferência abdominal normal (51,7%) e excesso de peso (56,1%). As prevalências de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), diabetes mellitus (DM) e dislipidemia (DLP) foram de 32,4%, 5,9% e 49,7%, respectivamente e, destes, apenas 57,2%, 45,5% e 49,6% sabiam ter as doenças. Conclusões: Os cardiologistas brasileiros participantes do estudo apresentaram prevalências significativas de HAS, DM e DLP, mas apenas a metade dos participantes sabia ser portador dessas condições e, entre eles, as taxas de controle eram baixas para HAS e DLP, apesar de os cardiologistas serem profissionais detentores de conhecimento diferenciado sobre esses FRCV. Os achados representam um alerta para a abordagem dos FRCV em cardiologistas brasileiros e estimulam a realização de estudos futuros. Abstract Background: A major cause of death worldwide, cardiovascular diseases and their prevalence in cardiologists are little known. Objectives: To describe life habits and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and to investigate the prevalence of diagnosis, awareness, and control of these CVRF among cardiologists members affiliated to and specialists from the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. Methods: National multicenter cross-sectional study to assess Brazilian cardiologists using a questionnaire on life habits, preexisting diseases, current medications, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and levels of glucose and lipids. Results: A total of 555 cardiologists were evaluated, of which 67.9% were male, with a mean age of 47.2±11.7 years. Most were non-smoker (88.7%) and physically active (77.1%), consumed alcohol (78.2%), had normal weight circumference (51.7%), and were overweight (56.1%). The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia (DLP) were 32.4%, 5.9%, and 49.7%, respectively, of which only 57.2%, 45.5%, and 49.6%, respectively, were aware of the diseases. Conclusions: The Brazilian cardiologists participating in the study had a high prevalence of SAH, DM and DLP, but only a half of participants were aware of these conditions and, among these, the rates of controlled disease were low for SAH and DLP, although cardiologists are professionals with great knowledge about these CVRF. These findings represent a warning sign for the approach of CVRF in Brazilian cardiologists and encourage the conduction of future studies.

Clinical trials of the effects of physical activity have reported improvements in symptoms and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, morphological brain changes after exercising were reported in PD animal models. However, these lifestyle-related changes were not evaluated in postmortem brain tissue.We aimed to evaluate, by immunohistochemistry, astrocytes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and structural proteins expression (neurofilaments and microtubules - MAP2) changes in postmortem brain samples of individuals with Lewy body pathology.Braak PD stage≥III samples, classified by neuropathology analysis, from The Biobank for Aging Studies were classified into active (n=12) and non-active (n=12) groups, according to physical activity lifestyle, and paired by age, sex and Braak staging. Substantia nigra and basal ganglia were evaluated.Groups were not different in terms of age or gender and had similar PD neuropathological burden (p=1.00). We observed higher TH expression in the active group in the substantia nigra and the basal ganglia (p=0.04). Astrocytes was greater in the non-active subjects in the midbrain (p=0.03) and basal ganglia (p=0.0004). MAP2 levels were higher for non-active participants in the basal ganglia (p=0.003) and similar between groups in the substantia nigra (p=0.46). Neurofilament levels for non-active participants were higher in the substantia nigra (p=0.006) but not in the basal ganglia (p=0.24).Active lifestyle seems to promote positive effects on brain by maintaining dopamine synthesis and structural protein expression in the nigrostriatal system and decrease astrogliosis in subjects with the same PD neuropathology burden.Estudos dos efeitos da atividade física relataram melhora nos sintomas e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP). Além disso, alterações morfológicas do cérebro após o exercício físico foram relatadas em modelos animais da DP. No entanto, essas mudanças relacionadas ao estilo de vida não foram avaliadas em tecido cerebralAvaliar a expressão de astrócitos, tirosina hidroxilase (TH) e a expressão de proteínas estruturais (neurofilamentos e microtúbulos — MAP2) por imuno-histoquímica, em amostras cerebraisAmostras com estágio de Braak para DP≥III, classificação neuropatológica, fornecidas pelo biobanco de estudos do envelhecimento foram classificadas em grupos ativos (n=12) e não ativos (n=12), de acordo com o estilo de vida (atividade física), e pareados por idade, sexo e estadiamento de Braak. Analisou-se a substância negra e gânglios da base.Idade, sexo e classificação para DP foram semelhantes (p=1,00). Observou-se maior expressão de TH no grupo ativo (p=0,04). Amostras de não ativos revelaram maior expressão de astrócitos no mesencéfalo (p=0,03) e nos gânglios da base (p=0,0004); MAP2 nos gânglios da base (p=0,003); os níveis de neurofilamentos foram maiores na substância negra (p=0,006).O estilo de vida ativo parece promover efeitos positivos no cérebro, mantendo a síntese de dopamina e a expressão estrutural de proteínas no sistema nigrostriatal e com diminuição da ativação de astrócitos em indivíduos com a mesma classificação neuropatológica para a DP.

Resumo Fundamento: A mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) vem mostrando tendência à estabilização em alguns países, incluindo o Brasil e o estado do Rio de Janeiro, após décadas de queda. Não encontramos análises detalhadas dessa tendência para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Objetivo: Analisar as tendências da mortalidade prematura e tardia por doenças do aparelho circulatório (DAC), doença isquêmica do coração (DIC) e doença cerebrovascular (DCBV) por sexo nas regiões de saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro e capital (1996-2016). Métodos: Dados de óbitos e população foram obtidos no DATASUS/MS. Taxas foram compensadas por códigos mal definidos, corrigidos pelos códigos cardiovasculares mal definidos e ajustadas por sexo e idade pelo método direto. O Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software foi empregado para calcular a variação percentual anual (APC) e variação percentual anual média (AAPC). Foram consideradas para o estudo APC e AAPC significativamente diferentes de zero, calculadas por um teste de student com significância de 5%. Resultados: A mortalidade por DIC estabilizou ou até aumentou em pelo menos 50% das localidades analisadas (EAPC ≥0). Nas regiões Norte e Noroeste, nenhuma mudança foi observada. Para DCBV, apenas uma região apresentou estabilidade na mortalidade (EAPC próximo a 0). Para as outras regiões, a taxa continuou a diminuir (APC

The aim of this study was to compare lifestyle profile and physical activity between girls and boys. A total of 336 students 11 to 17 years old participated in the study (51.5% female). Height, body mass, sexual maturation and z-score body mass index (BMI-z) were assessed. The level of physical activity (PA) was determined through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Lifestyle was assessed using the Individual Lifestyle Profile questionnaire (PEVI), computing the total scores from five components and considering the following cutoff points: >30 points = favorable PEVI; and ≤30 points = unfavorable PEVI. Results showed 35.1% of the students were considered overweight, 74.78% did not comply with the recommendations for physical activity and 31.5% presented unfa-vorable PEVI. There was a difference between boys and girls in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (p = 0.048). Boys presented better lifestyle (p = 0.06) and had, on average, more light PA (p < 0.01), moderate PA (p < 0.01), vigorous PA (p < 0.01) and MVPA (p < 0.01) than girls. Girls with favorable PEVI had higher average levels of light PA than those with unfavorable PEVI (p < 0.001). It was concluded that boys are more active during the week when compared to girls. However, they also present fewer concerns with preventive behaviors and relationships. Light PA was higher in girls with a favorable lifestyle profile., O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o perfil de estilo de vida e a prática de atividade física entre meninas e meninos. Participaram do estudo 336 escolares, de 11 a 17 anos de de idade (51,5% sexo feminino). Foram avaliados a estatura, massa corporal, maturação sexual e índice de massa corporal escore z (IMC-z). O nível de atividade física (AF) foi analisado pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). O estilo de vida foi avaliado por meio do questionário Perfil do Estilo de Vida Individual (PEVI), analisando o total de escores dos cinco componentes, considerando-se como pontos de corte: >30 pontos = PEVI favorável e ≤30 pontos = PEVI desfavorável. Observou-se que 35,1% dos escolares foram considerados acima do peso, 74,78% não cumprem as recomendações de atividade física e 31,5% apresentaram PEVI desfavorável. Exis tiu diferença entre meninos e meninas para a prática de atividade física moderada e vigorosa (AFMV) (p = 0,048). Os meninos apresentaram melhor estilo de vida (p = 0,06) e praticam em média mais AF leve (p < 0,01), AF moderada (p < 0,01), AF vigorosa (p < 0,01) e AFMV (p < 0,01) do que meninas. Enquanto as meninas com PEVI favorável praticam em média mais AF leve do que aquelas com PEVI desfavorável (p < 0,001). Concluiu-se que meninos praticam mais AF na semana em relação às meninas, entretanto possuem menor preocupação com comportamentos preventivos e relacionamentos. A prática de AF leve foi maior em meninas com perfil de estilo de vida favorável., Portuguese national funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) within the framework of the CIEC (Research Center for Child Studies of the University of Minho) project under the reference UIDB/00317/2020

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar padrões alimentares e sua associação com características socioeconômicas, de estilo de vida, estado nutricional, perfil lipídico e inflamatório em adolescentes. Estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística, utilizando dados da linha de base (2014) do Estudo Longitudinal sobre Comportamento Sedentário, Atividade Física, Hábitos Alimentares e Saúde de Adolescentes (LONCAAFS). Participaram 1.438 adolescentes (10 a 14 anos), da rede pública de João Pessoa-PB. Foram obtidos dados socioeconômicos, medidas antropométricas, estilo de vida e exames bioquímicos. Os dados dietéticos foram obtidos por recordatórios de 24h, sendo os padrões alimentares identificados por análise fatorial exploratória e as associações de interesse estimadas por regressão logística múltipla. Foram encontrados três padrões alimentares: “Tradicional”, “Lanches” e “Ocidental” que se associaram com idade, nível socioeconômico, escolaridade dos pais e estilo de vida. O padrão “Tradicional” se mostrou associado a menor adiposidade e melhor perfil lipídico, porém com a maior idade, há maior adesão aos padrões “Lanches” e “Ocidental”. Os resultados da análise do padrão alimentar de adolescentes apontam para necessidade de estratégias que incentivem comportamentos saudáveis.

Background: Nutrition and lifestyle have been long established as risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Modifiable lifestyle behaviours bear potential to minimize long-term CRC risk; however, translation of lifestyle information into individualized CRC risk assessment has not been implemented. Lifestyle-based risk models may aid the identification of high-risk individuals, guide referral to screening and motivate behaviour change. We therefore developed and validated a lifestyle-based CRC risk prediction algorithm in an asymptomatic European population. Methods: The model was based on data from 255,482 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study aged 19 to 70 years who were free of cancer at study baseline (1992–2000) and were followed up to 31 September 2010. The model was validated in a sample comprising 74,403 participants selected among five EPIC centres. Over a median follow-up time of 15 years, there were 3645 and 981 colorectal cancer cases in the derivation and validation samples, respectively. Variable selection algorithms in Cox proportional hazard regression and random survival forest (RSF) were used to identify the best predictors among plausible predictor variables. Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated in derivation and validation samples. To facilitate model communication, a nomogram and a web-based application were developed. Results: The final selection model included age, waist circumference, height, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, vegetables, dairy products, processed meat, and sugar and confectionary. The risk score demonstrated good discrimination overall and in sex-specific models. Harrell’s C-index was 0.710 in the derivation cohort and 0.714 in the validation cohort. The model was well calibrated and showed strong agreement between predicted and observed risk. Random survival forest analysis suggested high model robustness. Beyond age, lifestyle data led to improved model performance overall (continuous net reclassification improvement = 0.307 (95% CI 0.264–0.352)), and especially for young individuals below 45 years (continuous net reclassification improvement = 0.364 (95% CI 0.084–0.575)). Conclusions: LiFeCRC score based on age and lifestyle data accurately identifies individuals at risk for incident colorectal cancer in European populations and could contribute to improved prevention through motivating lifestyle change at an individual level., German Research Foundation (DFG) AL 1784/3-1, European Commission European Commission Joint Research Centre, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Danish Cancer Society, Ligue Contre le Cancer (France), Institut Gustave Roussy (France), Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (France), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) (Germany), Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece), Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Netherlands Government, World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF), Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI13/00061 PI13/01162, Junta de Andalucia, Regional Government of Asturias (Spain), Regional Government of Basque Country (Spain), Regional Government of Murcia (Spain) 6236, Regional Government of Navarra (Spain), Regional Government of Catalonia (Catalan Institute of Oncology -ICO-IDIBELL) (Spain), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council, County Council of Skane (Sweden), County Council of Vasterbotten (Sweden), Cancer Research UK C864/A14136 C8221/A19170, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Medical Research Council UK (MRC) MR/N003284/1 MC-UU_12015/1 MR/M012190/1, Projekt DEAL

Introducction. The present study was conducted to evaluate the related factors to health-improvement lifestyle and value of health among middle aged women. Material and Methods: The present study was a descriptive-correlational research that was conducted with participation of 278 middle aged women who referred to the health centers of Isfahan and were selected randomly in 2016. Data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire, Walker's Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) and a researcher-made questionnaire for the value of health that were completed by the participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS software with Pearson correlation coefficient test, linear regression analysis, Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon test. Results: According to the results of the present study there was a direct relation between the score of value of health and the total score of lifestyle and the scores all of its domains (p < 0.05). There was a significant relation between the employment of middle aged women and the domains of personal relationships and spiritual growth lifestyle and also between background diseases and physical stress and stress management of the health-improvement lifestyle (p < 0.05). Also a significant relation was observed between the age of the middle aged women and the value of health and the domain of responsibility of the heath-improvement lifestyle (p < 0.05). Conclusions: To enhance the level of the health-improvement and value of health lifestyles among this group of women it is necessary to pay attention to matters such as support, facilitation and personal-social factors in the healthcare programs for these women. Introducción. El presente estudio se realizó para evaluar los factores relacionados con el estilo de vida de mejora de la salud y el valor de la salud entre las mujeres de mediana edad. Material y Métodos: El presente estudio fue una investigación descriptiva-correlacional que se realizó con la participación de 278 mujeres de mediana edad que remitieron a los centros de salud de Isfahan y fueron seleccionadas al azar en 2016. Los datos se recopilaron mediante el cuestionario de características demográficas, Walker's Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) y un cuestionario realizado por un investigador para el valor de la salud que fueron completados por los participantes. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el software SPSS con prueba de coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, análisis de regresión lineal, prueba de Mann-Whitney y prueba de Wilcoxon. Resultados: De acuerdo con los resultados del presente estudio, hubo una relación directa entre la puntuación del valor de la salud y la puntuación total del estilo de vida y las puntuaciones de todos sus dominios (p

Primary and secondary health determinants explain a large part of the morbidity and mortality observed in primary care. The recommendations of the Program of Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS) of the semFyC are presented, for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle through intervention methodology and preventive actions in tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, healthy eating, physical activity in free time and prevention of traffic accidents and child restraint systems. The most common clinical prevention guidelines are outlined. The recommendations are updated, new aspects are pointed out, such as the definition of low-risk alcohol consumption, and the bibliography is updated. For the main recommendations, specific tables are included that show the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation. © 2020 The Author(s) Los determinantes de salud primarios y secundarios explican gran parte de la morbimortalidad observada en atención primaria. Se presentan las recomendaciones del Programa de Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (PAPPS) de la semFyC, para la promoción de un estilo de vida saludable mediante la metodología de intervención y las actuaciones preventivas en consumo de tabaco, consumo de alcohol, alimentación saludable, actividad física en el tiempo libre, prevención de accidentes de tráfico y sistemas de retención infantil. Se se˜nalan las pautas más comunes de prevención clínica. Se actualizan las recomendaciones, se se˜nalan aspectos novedosos como la definición de consumo de alcohol de bajo riesgo y se pone al día la bibliografía. Para las principales recomendaciones se incluyen tablas específicas que recogen la calidad de la evidencia y la fuerza de la recomendación

Hypertension affects approximately one third of the world's adult population and is a major cause of premature death despite considerable advances in pharmacological treatments. Growing evidence supports the use of lifestyle interventions for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of hypertension. In this Review, we provide a summary of the epidemiological research supporting the preventive and antihypertensive effects of major lifestyle interventions (regular physical exercise, body weight management and healthy dietary patterns), as well as other less traditional recommendations such as stress management and the promotion of adequate sleep patterns coupled with circadian entrainment. We also discuss the physiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of these lifestyle interventions on hypertension, which include not only the prevention of traditional risk factors (such as obesity and insulin resistance) and improvements in vascular health through an improved redox and inflammatory status, but also reduced sympathetic overactivation and non-traditional mechanisms such as increased secretion of myokines. Sin financiación 32.419 JCR (2020) Q1, 1/142 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems 5.495 SJR (2020) Q2, 6/349 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine No data IDR 2019 UEM

La salud es un derecho fundamental y un recurso en la vida diaria integral y biopsicosocial del ser humano. Por lo tanto, debemos educarnos en salud porque por medio de la educación se promueve la salud mediante el compromiso de llevar una vida plena. La educación para la salud une dos ámbitos: la educación y la salud, porque consideramos que no puede haber educación sin salud, ni salud sin educación. Es necesario que la Educación para la salud debe legislarse e incluirse en los diferentes niveles de enseñanza ya que estos son lugares propicios para la implementación y la promoción de la salud, más aún, en el nivel universitario donde se pueden fortalecer hábitos y estilos de vida saludable individual y colectiva. Para esto el profesorado debe ser capacitado para fortalecer los conocimientos teóricos y metodológicos. Educar para la salud es una estrategia útil para la promoción de la salud ya que es un proceso de aprendizaje que informa, motiva y ayuda a la población y que tiene como meta, la adecuación del comportamiento humano y los estilos de vida para mantener y mejorar la salud. Etimológicamente Educación para la Salud, presenta diferentes connotaciones, en 1975, se definía como hábitos saludables a la población, para adquirir conocimientos, modificar sus conductas, realizar cambios en el ambiente, mejorar los estilos de vida, y capacitar, responsabilizando a la propia comunidad. Por lo que debe convertirse a la Educación Superior en un eje transversal, propicio en asignaturas: Seminario de Formación Integral, psicología y sociología.

Resumo Fundamento A atividade física, em diferentes dimensões (ocupacional, doméstica e de lazer), pode ter papel relevante sobre a hipertensão arterial (HA). Praticar atividade física apenas no lazer, ou isoladamente nas outras dimensões, pode ser insuficiente para o controle efetivo da HA. Objetivo Analisar o efeito isolado e cumulativo das dimensões da atividade física sobre a ocorrência de hipertensão arterial em trabalhadores. Métodos Estudo transversal com 1.070 trabalhadores de Limpeza Urbana e Indústria de Calçados, na Bahia, utilizando questionário aplicado por entrevistador acerca de aspectos sociodemográficos, ocupacionais, de estilo de vida e morbidade hipertensiva. Foram medidos peso, altura, circunferência abdominal e pressão arterial. Caso de HA: pressão arterial sistólica ≥140 ou diastólica ≥90, ou tratamento regular de Hipertensão. Foram investigadas as dimensões ocupacional, doméstica e de lazer da atividade física. Realizou-se análise multivariada com Regressão de Cox para estudos transversais. Resultados A prevalência de HA foi de 24%, sendo 37% dentre pacientes com idades entre 35 e 44 anos, e 51% entre 45 e 54 anos. O modelo multivariado evidenciou que ativos em uma dimensão ou em nenhuma tiveram 62% mais HA, e um valor 25% mais elevado de HA foi observado dentre aqueles trabalhadores ativos em duas das três dimensões, na comparação com os ativos nas três dimensões. Sexo masculino, maior idade (> 31 anos) e excesso de peso se associaram à HA, com razões de prevalência de 1,62, 2,10 e 2,26, respectivamente. Conclusões Verificou-se efeito cumulativo das dimensões da atividade física sobre a ocorrência de HA. Classificar sujeitos ativos no trabalho ou no ambiente doméstico como inativos ao se basear apenas na dimensão do lazer pode implicar em erro metodológico. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(5):755-761) Abstract Background Physical activity, each type in its own manner, whether occupational, domestic or leisure, can play a significant role regarding high blood pressure (HBP). However, practicing physical activity only at leisure time, or in specific situations, can be insufficient to achieve the effective control of HBP. Objective To analyze the isolated and cumulative effect of different types of physical activity and the prevalence of HBP among workers. Methods A cross-sectional study with 1,070 Urban Cleaning and Footwear Industry workers in Bahia, who answered a survey, conducted by an interviewer on sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle and hypertensive morbidity aspects. Weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. Case of HBP: Systolic blood pressure ≥140 or diastolic blood pressure ≥90, or regular treatment for HBP. The occupational, domestic and leisure aspects of Physical Activity were studied. A multivariate analysis with Cox Regression was performed for cross-sectional studies. Results The prevalence of HBP was 24%, being 37% among workers aged between 35-44 years, and 51% among workers aged between 45-54 years. The multivariate model showed that workers who were active in one form of physical activity only or no forms had 62% higher BP levels and that these levels were 25% higher among workers who were active in two out of three physical activity forms. Being a male, being older (> 31 years old) and being overweight were characteristics associated with HBP, with prevalence ratios of 1.62, 2.10 and 2.26, respectively. Conclusions There was a cumulative effect of the form of physical activity on the occurrence of HBP. Classifying active subjects at work or at home as inactive persons by relying only on the leisure form can lead to methodological errors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(5):755-761)

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional and chronic gastrointestinal disorder that may cause abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, affecting the nutritional status and quality of life of its carriers. Its prevalence is high, affecting about 10% to 15% of the general population in developed countries, being more prevalent in women than in men in the proportion 2:1. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the profile of body adiposity, life habits, and the quality of life of women with irritable bowel syndrome with a healthy control group. METHODS: Case-control study on 70 women, 34 with irritable bowel syndrome and 36 healthy. We applied the “Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire”to assess quality of life. Body adiposity was assessed from body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. We investigated the self-reporting of gastrointestinal symptoms with food deemed as problematic for carriers of irritable bowel syndrome and the presence of typical comorbidities. Assessment of life habits included: practice of physical activities, alcoholism, smoking, daytime sleepiness, and exclusion of foods from the feeding routine. For statistical analysis we used the IBM SPSS program, with a significance level at 5%. RESULTS: There was higher volume of central and general adiposity in the case group compared with the control group (P

espanolLa diabetes es una enfermedad no transmisible cuya importancia epidemiologica radica en el aumento exponencial de la morbilidad y la mortalidad en todo el mundo. Se pretendio determinar la asociacion entre la clasificacion nutricional de los pacientes con diabetes y la influencia en el control de la patologia. Estudio descriptivo transversal, en 237 participantes con diabetes, hombres y mujeres mayores de edad pertenecientes a un programa de control en dos entidades que brindan servicios de salud. El analisis estadistico de los datos se realizo con el software SPSS version 25, con tablas de contingencia y prueba de chi cuadrado, calculando el valor de P con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Se encontro que el 49,36% de los participantes tenia un nivel de hemoglobina glicosilada superior al 7%, el 51,89% con lipoproteinas de baja densidad mayor a 100mg/dl, el 63,71% sin practicar actividad fisica y el 68,3% en exceso de peso. Los habitos de vida saludable como sana alimentacion y ejercicio regular pueden ser determinantes en el control patologico de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 pues influyen en la perdida de peso y sus comorbilidades, factores importantes en el estado de salud de este tipo de pacientes. EnglishThe diabetes is one of the non-communicable diseases and its epidemiological importance lies in the exponential increase in morbidity and mortality in all over the world. The aim was to determine the association between the nutritional classification of patients with diabetes and the influence in the control of the pathology. Descriptive and cross-sectional study done in 237 elderly men and women with diabetes, belonging to a control program in two entities that provide health services. Statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS software version 25, performing contingency tables and chi-squared test, calculating the P value with a confidence interval of 95%. It was found 49.36% of the participants with the glycosylated hemoglobin level higher than 7%, 51.89% with low density lipoprotein out of goal, 63.71% who did not practice any physical activity and 68.3% in excess weight. As a conclusion, healthy life styles such as healthy food and regular practice of physical exercise can be decisive in the pathological control of diabetes mellitus type 2 since they influence in the loss of weight and comorbidities, relevant factors in this kind of patients’ nutritional status.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and maintenance of the behavior change program "VAMOS", version 2.0, on behavioral and health outcomes in Brazilian users (≥ 18 years) of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. A pragmatic clinical trial was carried out between 2016 and 2019 in Basic Health Units, with 265 users allocated in the intervention group (n = 125) and the control group (n = 140). The intervention group participated for three months in the VAMOS to promote physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet. The control group received in a single meeting counseling about the importance of an active and healthy lifestyle. Variables of PA (daily minutes in light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, total PA, and sedentary behavior), eating behavior (weekly consumption of fruits, vegetables, and soda drinks), anthropometry (body mass, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index), and quality of life (QOL) (positive or negative perception), were evaluated, through interviews and objective measures, in the pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 12 months after the end of the intervention. The intervention group increased moderate-to-vigorous PA bouts, consumed of vegetables and, QOL, and decreased the consumption of soda drinks and WC (p

This study aimed to describe the prevalence of healthy lifestyles and examine its association to the combined effects of race and educational level in Brazil. Cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 2013 National Health Survey. Race was categorized as white, brown, or black, and educational level as low, medium, or high. To assess the combined effects of race and educational level, a combined variable was created. Healthy lifestyle factors were: non current smoker; non risk use of alcohol; daily consumption of fruit, and vegetables and being active. Lifestyle status was categorized as less healthy or healthier. Of the 59,249 participants, 18.4% of the whites and 6.8% of blacks reported higher education, respectively. Healthy lifestyle status differed by race and educational level. The prevalence of 3 or more parameters were higher than 80% among individuals with high educational levels, regardless of race. The association of healthy lifestyle status with the combined effects of both race and educational levels remained significant after adjustments, except in blacks and browns with high educational levels. Education may be one of an important structural determinant of health status in Brazil, especially among blacks and browns. Investments in education can be helpfull to reduce racial inequalities. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir la prevalencia de estilos de vida saludables y examinar su asociación con los efectos combinados del color de la piel y el nivel educativo en Brasil. Estudio transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2013 en Brasil. La raza/color de piel se clasificó como blanco, pardos o negro, y el nivel educativo como bajo, medio o alto. Para evaluar los efectos combinados de la raza/color de piel y los niveles educativos, fue creado una variable combinada. Los factores de estilo de vida saludable se componen de: no fumador actual; consumo de alcohol sin riesgo; consumo diario de frutas; consumo diario de verduras y hortalizas y actividad física (actividad física ≥150min / semana). El estilo de vida fue clasificado como menos saludable o más saludable. De los 59.249 participantes, 18,4% de los blancos y 6.8% de los negros reportaron educación superior, respectivamente. El estilo de vida saludable es diferente según la raza y el nivel educativo. La prevalencia de 3 o más parámetros del estilo de vida fue superior al 80% entre individuos con alto nivel educativo, independientemente de la raza. La asociación del estilo de vida saludable con los efectos combinados de la raza/color de piel y los niveles educativos siguió siendo significativa después de los ajustes, excepto en los negros y pardos con altos niveles educativos. La educación puede ser uno de los determinantes estructurales importantes del estado de salud en Brasil, especialmente entre los negros y pardos. La inversión en educación puede ser útil para reducir las desigualdades raciales. Este estudo objetivou descrever a prevalência de estilos de vida saudáveis e examinar sua associação com o efeito combinados da cor da pele e a escolaridade no Brasil. Estudo transversal. Os dados foram obtidos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013, no Brasil. A cor da pele foi categorizada em branco, pardo e negro e a escolaridade em baixa, média ou alta. Para avaliar os efeitos da cor da pele e dos níveis de escolaridade, foi criada uma variável combinada. Os fatores de estilo de vida saudável consistiram em: não fumante; não consumo de risco de álcool; consumo diário de frutas, consumo diário de verduras e legumes e ser ativo. O estilo de vida foi categorizado como menos saudável ou mais saudável. Dos 59.249 participantes, 18,4% dos autodeclararados brancos e 6,8% dos autodeclarados pretos referiram ter ensino superior. O status de estilo de vida saudável diferiu por cor de pele e nível educacional. A prevalência de 3 ou mais parâmetros foi superior a 80% entre os indivíduos com alta escolaridade, independentemente da cor da pele. A associação do estilo de vida saudável com os efeitos combinados da cor da pele e da escolaridade permaneceu significativa após os ajustes, exceto entre aqueles com cor de pele classificada como parda e preta com alto nível educacional. A escolaridade pode ser um dos importantes determinantes estruturais do estado de saúde no Brasil, principalmente entre aqueles que se autodeclaram pretos e pardos. O investimento em educação pode ser útil para reduzir as desigualdades raciais.

Introducción: Evaluar el consumo de alimentos no saludables y prácticas de estilo de vida en mexicanos durante el confinamiento por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).Material y métodos: Estudio transversal realizado durante parte del confinamiento en México. La recolección de datos fue realizada a través de una encuesta digital. Fueron evaluados aspectos de alimentación, bienestar y estilo de vida (consumo de alcohol y tabaco, actividad física y sueño), además de variables sociodemográficas. Para los análisis estadísticos fueron utilizadas la prueba χ2 para comparar diferencias entre género, con significancia estadística del 5%, utilizando el software SPSS 23.0.Resultados: Fueron analizadas 1084 encuestas. La edad promedio fue de 35,5±13,9 años y el 66,5% (n=721) fueron mujeres. En relación a la alimentación antes del confinamiento, 69,8% (n=757) consideraban su alimentación saludable, 6,5% (n=99) muy saludable y 23,7% (n=228) poco saludable, y el 2,3% (n=26) ha mejorado su alimentación, a pesar de esto el 17,1% (n=186) de las personas dice que en estos días come todo el tiempo. En relación al sueño, las mujeres duermen menos durante el periodo del confinamiento (p=0,002) y despiertan más durante la noche cuando se compara con los hombres (p

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain represents a relevant public health problem due to its high global prevalence, high costs of medical care, complexity of the treatment and loss of productive capacity. In Brazil, there are few population-based studies regarding chronic pain and associated factors, thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with chronic pain among residents of urban and rural regions of the city of Irani-SC. METHODS: Cross-sectional population study, with random sampling, stratified by sex and age, in which 409 residents participated. Data was collected by individual interview, sociodemographic and clinical questionnaires, and application of a lifestyle profile instrument. RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic pain was 56% of the population. The most frequent associated factors were: female sex, being married, living in urban area, older age, more years of work, a higher number of children, fewer vacation periods in the last year, low schooling, higher body mass index, low coffee consumption and a higher number of comorbidities when compared to the group without chronic pain (p

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la fuerza prensil en trabajadores sedentarios como escrutinio de riesgo cardiovascular. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal con personal administrativo. Se midió la fuerza prensil y se relacionó con las variables antropométricas, el nivel de estilo de vida adoptado por los trabajadores, estimado con la prueba FANTÁSTICO, y el nivel de Actividad física, valorado con el Cuestionario IPAQ. Resultados En 152 participantes, no se encontró asociación de la fuerza prensil con las mediciones de actividad física y estilos de vida. Tampoco con marcadores tempranos de riesgo cardiovascular. La población tenía buenos estilos de vida con alto nivel de sedentarismo. A diferencia de otras investigaciones, nuestra población tenía índices de comorbilidad muy bajos y no eran ancianos. Esto podría explicar los resultados diferentes. Conclusión La fuerza prensil no parece ser útil en las evaluaciones de programas de estilos de vida en trabajadores sedentarios adultos con bajo nivel de comorbilidades. ABSTRACT Objective To assess prehensile strength in administrative personnel as screening for cardiovascular risk. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with administrative personnel. Prehensile strength was measured and was related to anthropometric variables, the level of lifestyle adopted by the workers, estimated with the FANTASTIC Test, and the level of physical activity, assessed with the IPAQ Questionnaire. Results In 152 participants, no association of prehensile strength was found with physical activity and lifestyles measurements. Nor with early cardiovascular risk markers. The population had good lifestyles with a high level of sedentary behavior. Unlike other investigations, our population had very low comorbidity rates and were not elderly. This could explain the different results. Conclusion Prehensile force does not seem to be useful in evaluating lifestyle programs in administrative personnel with a low level of comorbidities.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a manutenção e a alteração dos estágios de mudança de comportamento para atividade física no lazer (AFL) após quatro anos e sua associação com características sociodemográficas. No ano de 2011, realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 1.180 indivíduos de 40 anos e mais. Em 2015 foram reentrevistados 885 indivíduos. As variáveis dependentes foram a manutenção e a alteração dos estágios de mudança de comportamento para AFL. Para análise dos dados foi usada a regressão de Poisson ajustada. Após quatro anos, verificou-se que cerca de 40% dos sujeitos permaneceram no mesmo estágio que se encontravam na primeira avaliação, enquanto 31,6% regrediram e 27% avançaram pelo menos um estágio. As maiores frequências foram de indivíduos que permaneceram nos estágios de pré-contemplação e manutenção. Entre os que se mantiveram em pré-contemplação, observou-se maior risco nos homens (RR=1,59; IC95%:1,21-2,11), naqueles com idade ≥60 anos (RR=1,35; IC95%:1,03-1,78), com menor escolaridade (RR=1,24; IC95%:1,04-2,33) e das classes C (RR=1,71;IC95%: 1,17-2,49) e D/E (RR=1,88; IC95%:1,12-3,18). A frequência dos indivíduos das classes D/E que permaneceram no estágio de manutenção foi significativamente menor que os das classes A/B (RR=0,35; IC95%:0,14-0,87). Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the maintenance of and movement between stages of change for leisure time physical activity (LTPA) after four years and the association with sociodemographic characteristics. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with 1,180 individuals aged 40 years or over in 2011. In 2015, 885 participants were reinterviewed. The dependent variables were the maintenance of and movement between stages of change for LTPA behavior. The data was analyzed using adjusted Poisson regression. We found that around 40% of the study participants were still at the same stage they were at in the first assessment, while 31.6% had relapsed and 27% had advanced at least one stage. The stages that showed the highest frequencies were remained in precontemplation and maintenance. The risk of remaining at the precontemplation stage was higher among men (RR=1.59; 95%CI:1.21-2.11), respondents aged ≥60 years (RR=1.35; 95%CI:1.03-1.78), those with a lower level of education (RR=1.24; 95%CI:1.04-2.33), and those from economic classes C and D/E (RR=1.71; 95%CI:1.17-2.49 and RR=1.88; 95%CI:1.12-3.18, respectively). The frequency of individuals who remained at the maintenance stage was significantly lower in economic classes D/E than in classes A/B (RR=0.35; 95%CI:0.14-0.87).

Few studies have used a multidimensional approach to describe lifestyle changes among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic or have included controls. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle behaviors and mental health of undergraduate students and compare them with an age and sex-matched control group. A cross-sectional web survey using snowball sampling was conducted several months after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. A sample of 221 students was recruited. The main outcome was the total SMILE-C score. Students showed a better SMILE-C score than controls (79.8 + 8.1 vs. 77.2 + 8.3, p &lt, 0.001), although these differences disappeared after controlling for covariates. While groups did not differ in the screenings of depression and alcohol abuse, students reported lower rates of anxiety (28.5% vs. 37.1%, p = 0.042). A lower number of cohabitants, poorer self-perceived health and positive screening for depression and anxiety, or for depression only were independently associated (p &lt, 0.05) with unhealthier lifestyles in both groups. History of mental illness and financial difficulties were predictors of unhealthier lifestyles for students, whereas totally/moderate changes in substance abuse and stress management (p &lt, 0.05) were predictors for the members of the control group. Several months after the pandemic, undergraduate students and other young adults had similar lifestyles.

Objetivo:Analisar as relações entre a qualidade de vida (QV) de pessoas com estomia com indicadores sociodemográficos, clínicos, de estilo de vida, de saneamento e moradia. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de 106 indivíduos com estomia entrevistados de maio a dezembro de 2019. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e o City of Hope - Quality of Life - Ostomy Questionnary. Resultados: O bem-estar espiritual (7,71±1,09) foi o domínio com melhor performance. A QV não diferiu entre homens e mulheres (p = 0,372), porém esteve associada à escolaridade (< 0,001) e renda familiar (p = 0,025), ao diabetes (p = 0,008) e etilismo (p = 0,044), às condições da água para consumo (p < 0,001), ao destino do lixo (p = 0,021), em ter energia elétrica (p = 0,034), ao tipo de moradia (p = 0,026) e ao número de cômodos (p = 0,023) e tipo de cobertura da habitação (p = 0,021). Conclusão: Piores indicadores socioeconômicos, de saneamento básico e moradia, parecem impactar negativamente a QV de pessoas com estomias.

This study aimed to assess the lifestyle of undergraduate university students, and to investigate the prevalence of risk behaviors for chronic noncommunicable diseases. This cross-sectional study took place in Brasilia, with 2.163 healthcare undergraduates. We used a self-administered questionnaire for demographic variables, social class, behavioral data, self-perception of health and self-reported diseases. Given a total of 2.163 students, 69.3% were female, 65.4% were 20-29 years, men smoked more cigarettes (p < 0.01) and used more alcohol than women. We found significant differences in the consumption of beans (p < 0.04) and full-fat milk (p < 0.01) between females and males. Women also had more sedentary lifestyles (p < 0.01) and showed higher prevalences of overweight (33.8%) and obesity (5.0%). Students who did not engage in physical activity were more morbidities, overweight (p = 0.03), consumed more soft drinks (p < 0.01) and meat with excess fat (p = 0.01). University students were found to have unhealthy lifestyles. There is an urgent need for both a formulation and implementation of public health policies to promote health and improve student quality of life (QoL). Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estilo de vida dos universitários e investigar a prevalência de comportamentos de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Estudo transversal com 2.163 universitários da área de saúde da cidade de Brasília. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre as variáveis demográficas, classe social, comportamentos e autopercepção de saúde e doenças autorreferidas. Dos 2.163, 69,3% eram mulheres, 65,4% idade entre 20 a 29 anos, 66,8% consumiam álcool e 44,2% não realizavam atividade física. Os homens fumavam (p

Sin financiación 29.690 JCR (2020) Q1, 3/142 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems 7.795 SJR (2020) Q1, 2/349 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine No data IDR 2019 UEM

Objective: To evaluate the association between total physical activities, physical activity in free time and nutritional status with self-perceived health in adolescents of both genders. Methods: This is a quantitative study that integrates the school-based, cross-sectional epidemiological survey with statewide coverage, whose sample consisted of 6261 adolescents (14–19 years old) selected by random conglomerate sampling. Data were collected using the Global School-based Student Health Survey. The chi-squared test (χ2) and the Poisson regression model with robust variance were used in the data analyses. Results: It was observed that 27.3% of the adolescents had a negative health self-perception, which was higher among girls (33.0% vs. 19.0%, p

A economia comportamental é um campo de saberes e práticas que estuda o efeito de fatores psicológicos, cognitivos, emocionais e sociais sobre a tomada de decisão de indivíduos e instituições. Essa disciplina parte da premissa de que as escolhas humanas não são resultado de uma cuidadosa ponderação de custos e benefícios e de que alguns aspectos (por exemplo, opção padrão, enquadramento e efeito-âncora) podem influenciar a tomada de decisão por parte das pessoas. Assim, o objetivo deste texto é apresentar aspectos gerais da economia comportamental e reflexões sobre sua possível aplicação na promoção de comportamentos saudáveis. Uma das funções dos profissionais de saúde é fazer com que a adoção de comportamentos saudáveis seja mais fácil por parte das pessoas. Nessa perspectiva, existem evidências de que a aplicação de ideias da economia comportamental pode ter impacto positivo na adoção de comportamentos de saúde diversos, como, por exemplo, escolhas alimentares, prática de atividade física, adesão a campanhas de vacinação e doação de órgãos. Desse modo, acredita-se que a apropriação de alguns conceitos e insights da economia comportamental possa, de um lado, promover comportamentos saudáveis e, de outro, apoiar ações mais efetivas de incentivo a esses comportamentos.

Introducción: En este estudio se determinó el perfil nutricional de un grupo de adultos mayores. Métodos: investigación de campo, tipo prospectiva, de corte transversal con enfoque descriptivo. Se evaluó la población de cuarenta (40) adultos mayores que asisten regularmente a las actividades del Club de Abuelos “Juventud Acumulada”, Charallave, Estado Miranda, aplicándose un cuestionario estructurado en preguntas abiertas y cerradas para recolectar la información y se tomaron mediciones antropométricas (peso y estatura, áreas grasa y magra). Resultados: edad promedio 68,5±7,6 años, mayor en mujeres; peso y talla 58,7±9,8 kg y 1,63±0,1c m, mayor en hombres; IMC promedio 22,2±3,7 kg/m2, similar en los dos sexos; 20,0% con Déficit, 55,0% Normopeso, 25,05 % Sobrepeso; 42,5% tienen HTA; 10,0%, Diabetes Mellitus 2 o Dislipidemia. Desayuno: 75,0% arepa; 60,0% pan; 50,0% embutidos; 40,0% café con leche; Almuerzo: 72,5% arroz; 55,0% leguminosas; 47,5% pasta; 47,5% tubérculos; 35,0% pescado; Cena: 82,5% arepa; 62,5% pan; 52,5% pasta; 50,0% huevos y tortillas. Adecuación 79,2% en hombres y 98,5% en mujeres; 7,5% fuma y 50,0% consume bebidas alcohólicas; 35,0% practica alguna actividad física Conclusiones: relación talla-peso dentro del rango sugerido en ambos sexos; promedio de área grasa y área muscular adecuado; 20,0% de hombres y 31,2% de mujeres con sobrepeso; las mujeres con mayor riesgo debido a enfermedades crónicas e ingesta calórica por debajo del requerimiento; patrón de consumo evidencia bajo consumo de leche, vegetales y frutas. Se hace necesario la implementación de un programa de intervención nutricional.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Comparar as mudanças de estilos de vida durante a pandemia COVID-19, segundo a presença ou não de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) em adultos brasileiros. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com dados da pesquisa ConVid - Pesquisa de Comportamentos, realizada entre abril e maio de 2020. Avaliaram-se as variáveis estilo de vida e presença de uma ou mais DCNT (diabetes, hipertensão, doença respiratória, doença do coração e câncer). As características sociodemográficas foram usadas como ajuste. Calcularam-se as frequências relativas e os intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% das variáveis antes da e durante a pandemia. Para a comparação de grupos, sem ou com DCNT, estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada (RPa) utilizando a regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Houve redução da prática de atividade física (60% nos sem DCNT e 58% nos com DCNT) e do consumo de hortaliças (10,8% nos sem DCNT e 12,7% nos com DCNT). Verificou-se aumento no tempo de uso de televisão e computador/tablet (302 e 43,5% nos sem DCNT e 196,5 e 30,6% nos com DCNT, respectivamente); consumo de congelados (43,6% nos sem DCNT e 53,7% com DCNT), salgadinhos (42,3% sem DCNT e 31,2% com DCNT) e chocolate (14,8% sem DCNT). Durante a pandemia, portadores de DCNT apresentaram menor prática de atividade física suficiente (RPa = 0,77; IC95% 0,65 - 0,92), maior hábito de assistir à televisão (RPa = 1,16; IC95% 1,08 - 1,26) e menor consumo de hortaliças (RPa = 0,88; IC95% 0,81 - 0,96). Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que adultos com DCNT tiveram seus estilos de vida mais alterados durante a pandemia de COVID-19.

Introduction: mothers with newborn children became an easy target of the COVID-19 pandemic, their lives today revolve around avoiding its contagion and spread due to the confinement in which they live. Objective: determine the impact of COVID-19 on the relationship between lifestyle and the bond of mother-newborn attachment in a Hospital in Peru. Methods: an explanatory, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional design was carried out, with a population of 1020 puerperal women and a sample of 103 puerperal women. The sampling was stratified by the presence or absence of COVID-19 in puerperal women. The variables were lifestyles, described by: practice of physical activity, quality of life, rest and sleep, physical health and social integrity, and bonding mother-newborn. Spearman's correlation, discriminant analysis and Wilcoxon's test were used. Results: in both groups of puerperal women made up of 51 with COVID-19 and 52 without COVID-19, the lifestyles were regular (66.7% and 55.8 %), good bonding mother-newborn (64.7%) and regular (55.8 %), intense (62.7 %) and moderate (61.5 %) physical activity, healthy diet (84.3% and 69.2 %), adequate rest and sleep (54, 9 % and 75.0 %), good (62.7 %) and fair (63.5 %) mental health and self-esteem, and high (68.6 %) and medium (67.3 %) social integration. Conclusions: COVID-19 had a significant impact (p

Introducción: actualmente existe un importante descenso de los niveles de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y actividad física en personas jóvenes, lo cual influye en el estado de salud. Una preocupación que se puede constatar en los análisis que se realizan en diversos estudios así como en programas de intervención implementados desde las instituciones. El objetivo fue determinar la relación existente entre el nivel de actividad física y la calidad de la dieta mediterránea en escolares de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria considerando el curso educativo y el sexo. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo-transversal realizado con 194 escolares españoles de 12-16 años seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico intencional procedentes de Murcia. Se valoró la calidad de la dieta mediterránea (CD) a través del cuestionario KIDMED y la actividad física (AF) a través del cuestionario InternationalPhysical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. El análisis estadístico fue llevado a cabo mediante las pruebas T Student, ANOVA y análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados: Los resultados de los análisis mostraron diferencias significativas en el nivel de AF según el tramo educativo en varones (p< 0,047) y considerando el total (p< 0,017). Respecto a las diferencias en el nivel de AF en función de la CD, se encontraron diferenciassignificativas entre un nivel alto de CD y sus pares homólogos con un nivel bajo (p< 0,001). Por último, tras ajustar por sexo y edad, se encontró asociación entre la AF y la CD (p < 0,001) con un valor de R2 = 0,521. Conclusiones: una mayor actividad física se relaciona con una mayor calidad de la dieta en escolares de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Existe la necesidad de diseñar desde la institución educativa y sanitaria programas formativos, tanto para docentes como discentes, que permitan el desarrollo de conductas dirigidas hacia una perspectiva saludable que perdure hasta la adultez.

Objetivou-se avaliar a relação entre o consumo de alimentos fora de casa e alterações em biomarcadores de doenças crônicas em adolescentes brasileiros. Trata-se de um estudo transversal em que foram utilizados os dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), conduzido com 36.956 adolescentes, em 2013/2014. A relação entre consumir alimentos fora de casa e cada desfecho de interesse (hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia, hiperglicemia, elevada hemoglobina glicada e hiperinsulinemia) foi testada por modelos de regressão logística ajustados por idade, rede de ensino da escola, atividade física e tempo de uso de telas. Dados de consumo alimentar foram obtidos pela aplicação do recordatório referente às 24h anteriores (R24h), analisando o consumo de energia, açúcar de adição, sódio, potássio, fibras, frutas, verduras, arroz, feijão, sanduíches, bolos, sobremesas, chocolates e refrigerantes. Foi encontrado que 53,2% dos adolescentes consumiam alimentos fora de casa. A alimentação fora de casa apresentou relação inversa com hiperinsulinemia (OR = 0,65; IC95%: 0,46-0,92) e hiperglicemia (OR = 0,46; IC95%: 0,30-0,71), entre meninos, e hipertensão (OR = 0,71; IC95%: 0,55-0,92) e hiperglicemia (OR = 0,57; IC95%: 0,34-0,96), entre meninas. Entretanto, o consumo de calorias, açúcar de adição, sanduíches, sobremesas e refrigerantes foi maior nos adolescentes que consumiam alimentos fora de casa. O papel protetor da alimentação fora de casa em indicadores bioquímicos nos adolescentes pode ser em função de um maior consumo da alimentação escolar, mais frequente entre os adolescentes que consumiam alimentos fora de casa, destacando a importância do estímulo ao consumo da alimentação escolar. The study aimed to assess the relationship between food consumption away from home and alterations in biomarkers for chronic noncommunicable diseases in Brazilian adolescents. This cross-sectional study used data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescents (ERICA), conducted in 36,956 adolescents in 2013/2014. The relationship between food consumption away from home and each target outcome (hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, high glycated hemoglobin, and hyperinsulinemia) was tested with logistic regression models adjusted for age, school system (public versus private), physical activity, and screen time. Data on food consumption were obtained with a 24-hour diet recall (24HR), analyzing consumption of energy, added sugar, sodium, potassium, fiber, fruits, vegetables, rice, beans, sandwiches, cakes, dessert, chocolates, and sodas. The results showed that 53.2% of adolescents consumed foods away from home. Eating away from home showed an inverse relationship with hyperinsulinemia (OR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.46-0.92) and hyperglycemia (OR = 0.46; 95%CI: 0.30-0.71) in boys and hypertension (OR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.55-0.92) and hyperglycemia (OR = 0.57; 95%CI: 0.34-0.96) in girls. However, the consumption of calories, added sugar, sandwiches, desserts, and sodas was higher in adolescents that consumed foods away from home. The protective role of eating away from home, as measured by biochemical indicators in adolescents, may be a function of higher consumption of school meals, which was more frequent among adolescents that consumed food away from home, thus highlighting the importance of encouraging consumption of school meals. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la relación entre el consumo de alimentos fuera de casa y las alteraciones en biomarcadores de enfermedades crónicas en adolescentes brasileños. Se trata de un estudio transversal, en el que se utilizaron los datos del Estudio de Riesgos Cardiovasculares en Adolescentes (ERICA), realizado con 36.956 adolescentes, en 2013/2014. La relación entre consumir alimentos fuera de casa y cada resultado de interés (hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia, hiperglucemia, elevada hemoglobina glicada e hiperinsulinemia) se probó mediante modelos de regresión logística ajustados por edad, red de enseñanza de la escuela, actividad física y tiempo de uso de pantallas. Se obtuvieron datos del consumo alimentario mediante la aplicación del recordatorio referente a las 24h anteriores (R24h), analizando el consumo de energía, azúcar añadido, sodio, potasio, fibras, frutas, verduras, arroz, frijoles, sándwiches, bizcochos, postres, chocolates y refrescos. Se encontró que un 53,2% de los adolescentes consumían alimentos fuera de casa. La alimentación fuera de casa presentó una relación inversa con la hiperinsulinemia (OR = 0,65; IC95%: 0,46-0,92) e hiperglicemia (OR = 0,46; IC95%: 0,30-0,71) entre chicos, e hipertensión (OR = 0,71; IC95%: 0,55-0,92) e hiperglicemia (OR = 0,57; IC95%: 0,34-0,96) entre chicas. Sin embargo, el consumo de calorías, azúcar añadido, sándwiches, postres y refrescos fue mayor en los adolescentes que consumían alimentos fuera de casa. El papel protector de la alimentación fuera de casa en indicadores bioquímicos en los adolescentes puede ser en función de un mayor consumo de merienda escolar, más frecuente entre los adolescentes que consumían alimentos fuera de casa, destacando la importancia del estímulo al consumo de la merienda escolar.

espanolIntroduccion: las enfermedades cronicas no transmisibles representan un reto para la salud publica, y la dieta mediterranea (DM) se ha identificado como alternativa para su prevencion. Objetivo: el estudio pretendio evaluar, en una muestra de la poblacion adulta de la Comunidat Valenciana, la asociacion entre estilos de vida y factores sociodemograficos con la adhesion alta a la dieta mediterranea (DM). Metodos: estudio transversal de una muestra (n = 2728) representativa de la poblacion ≥ 16 anos. Los datos correspondieron a la Encuesta de Nutricion de la Comunidat Valenciana, 2010-11. Se evaluo la adhesion a la DM (ADM) mediante el cuestionario Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener. Se testo la asociacion de las variables con la ADM alta mediante la regresion logistica univariante y multivariante, determinandose las odds ratios crudas y ajustadas. Resultados: el analisis multivariante mostro que la edad, el tipo de convivencia, el pais de nacimiento, el comer entre horas y el habito tabaquico se asociaban a la ADM alta. Los grupos de edad de 45-64 anos y de 65 anos o mas fueron los que mostraron una mayor asociacion a la ADM alta en ambos sexos. La convivencia en pareja se asocio positivamente con la ADM alta en los hombres, las mujeres y el grupo de edad de 45-64 anos. Conclusion: se observo una perdida generacional de la ADM. Las personas mas jovenes y aquellas que no conviven en pareja son las que mostraron mayor riesgo de no adherirse al patron dietetico mediterraneo. EnglishBackground: chronic non-communicable diseases represent a challenge for public health, and the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been identified as an alternative for their prevention. Aim: the study aimed to evaluate, in a sample of the adult population of the Comunitat Valenciana, the association between lifestyle and sociodemographic factors with high adherence to MD. Methods: a cross-sectional study of a sample (n = 2,728) representative of the population ≥ 16 years of age. The data were collected from the Comunitat Valenciana Nutrition Survey 2010-11. MD adherence was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener questionnaire. The association of the variables with high MD adherence was tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, determining the crude and adjusted odds ratios. Results: a multivariate analysis showed that age, type of cohabitation, country of birth, eating between meals, and smoking were associated with high adherence to MD. The age groups of 45-64 years and 65 years or older showed the greatest association with high adherence to MD in both sexes. Living with a partner was positively associated with high adherence to MD in men, women, and the age group of 45-64 years. Conclusion: a generational loss of MD adherence was observed. Younger people and those who do not live with a partner showed the highest risk of not adhering to the Mediterranean dietary pattern.

Objective: To analyze sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with screen-based sedentary behavior (watching television ≥ 3 hours/day) among adult individuals in Brazil. Methods: Quantitative analysis of ten editions of the cross-sectional health survey VIGITEL, representative at the population level. Individuals from states’ capitals living in households with land-line telephone were randomly selected and interviewed with a structured questionnaire, through the telephone. A multivariate logistic regression model was estimated for identification of factors associated with screen-based sedentary behavior. Results: There was stability in trends referring to prevalence of sedentary behavior from 2008 to 2017. Prevalence of sedentary behavior was higher between individuals with unhealthier lifestyles: consumption of < two in natura food items (vegetables, fruits, and beans) per day (26.73% [95%CI 25.2 – 28.31]) in comparison with ≥ two items per day (23.79% [95%CI 21.92 – 25.77]); consumption of soft drinks ≥ five days per week (31.24% [95%CI 29.58 – 32.95]) than < five days per week (23.82% [95%CI 22.2 – 25.52]); and practice of < 150 minutes of physical activity per week (28.2% [95%CI 26.17 – 30.33]) than ≥ 150 minutes per week (22.54% [95%CI 21.27 – 23.86]). Regular consumption of in natura food items (OR = 0.984), practice of physical activity (OR = 0.798), and living in richer municipality (OR = 0.826) represented protective factors in relation to screen-based sedentary behavior, whilst regular consumption of soft drinks (OR = 1.440), smoking (OR = 1.375) and alcohol abuse (OR = 1.334) represented risk factors. Conclusion: The adoption of screen-based sedentary behavior among adult individuals in Brazil presented significant association with modifiable behavioral factors in the period 2008–2017. RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar fatores sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida associados ao comportamento sedentário baseado em tempo de tela (assistir televisão ≥ 3 horas/dia) entre brasileiros adultos. Métodos: Análise quantitativa de dez edições do inquérito de saúde de delineamento transversal VIGITEL, representativo em nível populacional. Indivíduos de capitais estaduais residentes em domicílios com telefone fixo foram selecionados aleatoriamente e entrevistados via questionário estruturado por telefone. Estimou-se modelo de regressão logística multivariada para identificação de fatores associados ao comportamento sedentário. Resultados: Observou-se tendência estável na prevalência de comportamento sedentário entre 2008 e 2017. Verificou-se maior prevalência de comportamento sedentário entre indivíduos com padrões de comportamento menos saudáveis: consumo de < 2 itens alimentares in natura (vegetais, frutas e feijões) por dia (26,73% [IC95% 25,2 – 28,31]) em comparação ao consumo de ≥ 2 itens por dia (23,79% [IC95% 21,92 – 25,77]); consumo de refrigerantes em ≥ 5 dias por semana (31,24% [IC95% 29,58 – 32,95]) em comparação a < 5 dias por semana (23,82% [IC95% 22,2 – 25,52]); e prática de atividade física < 150 minutos por semana (28,2% [IC95% 26,17 – 30,33]) em comparação a ≥ 150 minutos por semana (22,54% [IC95% 21,27 – 23,86]). Consumir alimentos in natura (OR = 0,984); praticar atividade física (OR = 0,798) e residir em município de maior renda (OR = 0,826) representaram fatores de proteção ao comportamento sedentário baseado em tempo de tela, enquanto consumo de refrigerantes (OR = 1,440), fumo (OR = 1,375) e abuso de álcool (OR = 1,334) representaram fatores de risco. Conclusão: A adoção do comportamento sedentário baseado em tela entre indivíduos adultos no Brasil apresentou associação significativa com fatores comportamentais modificáveis no período 2008–2017.

La salud mental de estudiantes universitarios es un motivo de investigación a nivel internacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de ansiedad, depresión y estado de salud autopercibida de los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Miguel Hernández y analizar su asociación con diferentes variables sociodemográficas y del estilo de vida. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de estudiantes de medicina de 1º a 6º curso de la Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche durante el curso 2019-20. Se utilizaron la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) del European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión de Goldberg (EADG), el estudio Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED), el Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) y el Test de Fagerström. Todos los cuestionarios están validados en España. Para el análisis se ajustaron modelos logísticos multivariantes. Fueron encuestados 474 estudiantes. La tasa de respuesta global fue del 55.26%. Un68.1% de la muestra eran mujeres. Se estimó una prevalencia de probable ansiedad del 54.9%,probable depresión del 60.9% y probable ansiedad o depresión del 73.3%. La salud autopercibida regular-mala-muy mala fue del 8.9%. Se detectó una asociación estadísticamente significativa con el sexo, la edad, el curso académico, el municipio de residencia, el tipo de alimentación, la actividad física y el consumo de tóxicos. Como conclusión, los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Miguel Hernández presentaron una prevalencia alta de probable ansiedad y depresión. Se observaron diferencias en función del sexo, curso académico, tipo de alimentación y consumo de tóxicos. The mental health of university students is a reason for international research. Theobjective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and self-perceivedhealth status of medical students from the Miguel Hernandez University and analyze theirassociation with different sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. We did a cross-sectionaldescriptive study of medical students from 1st to 6th year of the Miguel Hernandez Universityduring the 2019-20 academic year. They were used the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) of theEuropean Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale(GADS), the Mediterranean Diet Prevention study (PREDIMED), the Alcohol Use DisordersIdentification Test (AUDIT-C) and the Fagerström Test were used. All the questionnaires arevalidated in Spain. For the analysis, multivariate logistic models were adjusted. They were surveyed 474 students. The overall response rate was 55.26%. 68.1% of the sample were women. Aprevalence of probable anxiety of 54.9%; probable depression of 60.9% and probable anxiety ordepression of 73.3% was estimated. Regular-bad-very bad self-perceived health was only 8.9%. Astatistically significant association was detected between the aforementioned variables and sex, age,academic year, municipality of residence, type of diet, physical activity and consumption of toxics.The medical students of the Miguel Hernandez University presented a high prevalence of probableanxiety and depression. Differences were observed based on sex, academic year, type of diet andconsumption of toxic drugs.

This study sought to examine the association between lifestyle-related behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students. This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data of a dynamic-cohort study from a public university in Central-Western Brazil, in all 21 undergraduate full-time courses. Students up to 25 years old who were enrolled for the first time in a university were included in the study, except pregnant and/or nursing women. All students who met the eligibility criteria were invited to participate in the study. From a total of 1,212 eligible students, 1,038 were included (85.6%). All participants answered a self-administered questionnaire on smoking, alcohol consumption, screen time, sleep duration, and meal patterns. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multivariate Poisson regression models stratified by sex were used to estimate the associations. Depressive symptoms was observed in 31.6% (males 23.6%; females 39.9%; p-value chi-square test = 0.01) of the students. Smoking, drinking spirits, and having irregular meal habits were directly associated with depressive symptoms in both males and females. The co-occurrence of two risk behaviors (men: aPR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.25; 3.99; women: aPR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.03; 2.30) and three or more risk behaviors (men: aPR = 3.42, 95%CI: 1.90; 6.16; women: aPR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.39; 3.15) increased the occurrence of depressive symptoms among the students. Lifestyle-related unhealthy behaviors were associated with an increased occurrence of depressive symptoms among college students. These findings suggest the need of interventions encouraging changes in lifestyle to promote mental health and to improve the quality of life in this group. Resumo: O estudo buscou examinar a associação entre comportamentos relacionados ao estilo de vida e sintomas depressivos em estudantes universitários. O estudo transversal analisou os dados da linha de base de um estudo em estilo coorte dinâmica de uma universidade pública da Região Centro-oeste do Brasil, recrutados em 21 cursos de graduação de tempo integral. Foram incluídos no estudo, universitários de até 25 anos de idade matriculados pela primeira vez na universidade, exceto mulheres gestantes e lactantes. Todos os universitários que atenderam os critérios de elegibilidade foram convidados a participar do estudo. Entre o total de 1.212 elegíveis, 1.038 foram estudados (85,6%). Todos os participantes responderam a um questionário auto-aplicado sobre tabagismo, consumo de álcool, tempo de uso de computador, Internet e TV, duração do sono e padrões alimentares. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados com o Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Modelos de regressão Poisson multivariada, estratificados por sexo, foram usados para estimar as associações. Sintomas depressivos foram observados em 31,6% da amostra (homens, 23,6%; mulheres, 39,9%; valor de p do teste de qui-quadrado = 0,01). Tabagismo, consumo de bebidas destiladas e hábitos alimentares irregulares mostraram associação direta com sintomas depressivos em homens e mulheres. A ocorrência simultânea de dois comportamentos de risco (homens: RPa = 2,23, IC95%: 1,25; 3,99; mulheres: RPa = 1,54, IC95%: 1,03; 2,30) e três ou mais comportamentos de risco (homens: RPa = 3,42, IC95%: 1,90; 6,16; mulheres: RPa = 2,09, IC95%: 1,39; 3,15) aumentaram a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos entre os universitários. Comportamentos não saudáveis relacionados ao estilo de vida mostraram uma associação com o aumento de sintomas depressivos entre os universitários. Os achados sugerem a necessidade de intervenções para incentivar mudanças de estilo de vida, no sentido de promover a saúde mental e melhorar a qualidade de vida desse grupo. Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la asociación entre los comportamientos relacionados con el estilo de vida y síntomas depresivos entre estudiantes universitarios. Este estudio transversal analizó datos de referencia de un estudio de cohorte dinámica, procedentes de una universidad pública en la Región Centro Oeste de Brasil, en los 21 cursos universitarios a tiempo completo. Se incluyeron en el estudio a estudiantes de hasta los 25 años de edad, que estaban inscritos por primera vez en la universidad, excepto mujeres embarazadas y/o mujeres lactantes. Todos los estudiantes que cumplieron con los criterios de eligilidad fueron invitados a participar en el estudio. De un total de 1.212 estudiantes elegibles, fueron estudiados 1.038 (85,6%). Todos los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario autoadministrado sobre tabaco, consumo de bebidas destiladas, tiempo ante la pantalla, duración del sueño, así como patrones de comidas. Los síntomas depresivos se evaluaron usando el Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). También se utilizaron modelos de regresión de Poisson multivariados estratificados por sexo para estimar las asociaciones. Se observaron síntomas depresivos en un 31,6% (hombres 23,6%; mujeres 39,9%; valor de p test de chi-cuadrado = 0,01) de los estudiantes. Fumar, beber bebidas alcohólicas, y tener hábitos irregulares de comidas estuvieron directamente asociados con síntomas depresivos, tanto en hombres, como en mujeres. La co-ocurrencia de dos comportamientos de riesgo (hombres: aPR = 2,23, IC95%: 1,25; 3,99; mujeres: aPR = 1,54, IC95%: 1,03; 2,30) y tres o más comportamientos de riesgo (hombres: aPR = 3,42, IC95%: 1,90; 6,16; mujeres: aPR = 2,09, IC95%: 1,39; 3,15) incrementaron la ocurrencia de síntomas depresivos entre los estudiantes. El estilo de vida, relacionado con comportamientos poco saludables, estuvo asociado con un incremento en la ocurrencia de síntomas depresivos entre estudiantes universitarios. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de intervenciones animando cambios en el estilo de vida para promover la salud mental y para mejorar la calidad de vida de este grupo.

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of excess body weight in university students from a representative state in Brazil's southern region and establish associations with the demographic, university environment, and health behavior correlates. A random sample of 5,310 university students answered an online questionnaire with demographic, university environment, and eight health behavior data. Excess body weight was identified using the body mass index (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). The data were processed using bivariate analysis and hierarchical multiple regression. The overall prevalence of excess body weight exposure was equivalent to 39.1% [35.7-42.6], with significantly different rates between gender, age, and marital status. Likewise, housing type and study year showed significant associations with excess body weight. Among health behavior indicators, with control of all other variables involved in the model, depressive symptoms (p = 0.031), high stress (p = 0.045), sleep duration < 6 hours/night (p < 0.001), moderate-vigorous physical activity < 150 min/week (p = 0.022) and fruit/vegetable consumption < 5 servings per day (p < 0.001) were independently associated with the outcome. However, tobacco use, binge drinking, and prescription drug misuse did not remain in the adjusted multivariate model. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of proposing and implementing multifaceted preventive intervention actions to prevent health outcomes related to excess body weight, once since significant associations with modifiable factors have been identified. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a prevalência do excesso de peso corporal em estudantes universitários de um estado representativo da região sul do Brasil e estabelecer associações com correlatos demográficos, do ambiente universitário e de condutas de saúde. Amostra aleatória de 5310 estudantes universitários respondeu questionário online com dados demográficos, do ambiente universitário e de oito condutas de saúde. O excesso de peso corporal foi identificado mediante o índice de massa corporal (IMC ≥ 25 Kg/m2). Os dados foram tratados através de análise bivariada e regressão múltipla hierarquizada. Prevalência global de exposição ao excesso de peso corporal foi equivalente a 39,1% [35,7–42,6], com taxas significativamente diferentes entre sexo, idade e situação conjugal. Da mesma forma, tipo de habitação e ano de estudo apresentaram associações significativas com o excesso de peso corporal. Entre os indicadores de conduta de saúde, com controle de todas as demais variáveis envolvidas no modelo, sintomas de depressão (p = 0,031), estresse elevado (p = 0,045), duração de sono < 6 horas/noite (p < 0,001), atividade física moderada-vigorosa < 150 min/semana (p = 0,022) e consumo de frutas/hortaliças < 5 porções/dias (p < 0,001) mostraram-se independentemente associados ao desfecho. Contudo, tabagismo, consumo nocivo de álcool e uso indevido de medicamentos controlados não permaneceram no modelo multivariado ajustado. Concluindo, os achados enfatizam a importância de propor e implementar ações de intervenção preventivas multifacetadas a fim de prevenir agravos relacionados ao excesso de peso corporal, uma vez identificada associações significativas com fatores modificáveis.

Evidence from observational and in vitro studies suggests that insulin growth-factor-binding protein type 2 (IGFBP2) is a promising protein in non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, or type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, great efforts have been carried out to explore the role of IGFBP2 in obesity state and insulin-related diseases, which it is typically found decreased. However, the physiological pathways have not been explored yet, and the relevance of IGFBP2 as an important pathway integrator of metabolic disorders is still unknown. Here, we review and discuss the molecular structure of IGFBP2 as the first element of regulating the expression of IGFBP2. We highlight an update of the association between low serum IGFBP2 and an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and low insulin sensitivity. We hypothesize mechanisms of IGFBP2 on the development of obesity and insulin resistance in an insulin-independent manner, which meant that could be evaluated as a therapeutic target. Finally, we cover the most interesting lifestyle modifications that regulate IGFBP2, since lifestyle factors (diet and/or physical activity) are associated with important variations in serum IGFBP2.

Objective: To verify the association of lifestyle, anthropometric, sociodemographic, family and school environment indicators with the number of steps/day in children. Methods: The sample consisted of 334 children (171 boys) from nine to 11 years old. Participants used the Actigraph GT3X accelerometer to monitor the number of steps/day, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) for seven consecutive days. Height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat were also measured. Lifestyle indicators such as diet, environment, neighborhood, and parental schooling level were obtained with questionnaires. For the identification of variables associated to the number of steps/day, multiple linear regression models were used. Results: The mean steps/day of boys and girls were statistically different (10,471 versus 8,573; p

Introduction: Diet and physical activity are the two main modifiable risk factors to prevent and/or control overweight and obesity in pediatric stages. The objective of this study was to assess the lifestyles (diet and physical activity), and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) among adolescents.Material and methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study on lifestyles among adolescents. We collected sociodemographic information, clinical data, anthropometric measures, diet and physical activity habits. A Multiple Linear Regression was used to assess the association between lifestyles and BMI, adjusted by potential confounders: sex, age, hours of sleep and smoking.Results: The population of this study consists of 129 teenagers (51,94% male). Their mean age is of 14.88. The excess weight prevalence was of 32.80%, and it was greater in the male portion of the population than its female counterpart. 59.70% of the adolescents were confirmed to follow an appropriate diet. 71.10% follow the WHO recommendations related to physical activities. In this case, the male portion of the population proved to be more physically active than the female counterpart. The adolescents with an excess weight obtained a lower punctuation with regard to the quality of their diet and turned out to engage in less physical activities than those presenting a normal weight. Moreover, a higher punctuation in the quality of diet (p-value 0.013), number of sleep hours (p-value 0.032) and being female (p-value

Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and lifestyle in childhood with respiratory diseases during adolescence. Methods: Prospective study conducted in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo - Brazil, as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE). During childhood, indicators of lifestyle (body composition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet) and family environment were measured in 2012 and 2013. After five years, participants answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases (asthma and/or rhinitis). Analyses were determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 168 schoolchildren (56% boys) were evaluated, and the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis accounted for 15.5 and 25.6%, respectively. Whole milk consumption (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.24; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.03-1.49), having a television in the bedroom (OR=0.29; 95%CI 0.12-0.71), and attending physical education classes ≥2 times/week (OR=0.30; 95%CI 0.11-0.81) in childhood were associated with the presence of asthma in adolescence. Factors significantly associated with rhinitis were as follows: female participants (OR=2.45; 95%CI 1.20-4.98) and whole milk consumption (OR=1.21; 95%CI 1.04-1.40). Conclusions: Higher consumption of whole milk, not having a television in the bedroom, few physical education classes, and being a girl were factors associated with respiratory diseases. Public policies should be directed toward a healthier lifestyle and the prevention of respiratory diseases. RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre estado nutricional, atividade física, comportamento sedentário, dieta e estilo de vida na infância e doenças respiratórias durante a adolescência. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo realizado em São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, como parte do International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment. Indicadores do estilo de vida (composição corporal, atividade física, comportamento sedentário, dieta) e do ambiente familiar foram mensurados durante a infância, em 2012 e 2013. Após cinco anos, os escolares responderam o questionário do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) para o diagnóstico de doenças respiratórias (asma e/ou rinite). Análises foram determinadas por meio da regressão logística. Resultados: Foram avaliados 168 escolares (56% meninos), e as prevalências de asma e rinite observadas foram 15,5 e 25,6%, respectivamente. Consumir leite integral (Odds Ratio [OR]=1,24; intervalo de confiança 95% [IC95%] 1,03-1,49), ter televisão no quarto (OR=0,29; IC95% 0,12-0,71) e praticar aulas de educação física ≥2 vezes/semana (OR=0,30; IC95% 0,11-0,81) na infância foram associados com a presença de asma na adolescência. Os fatores significativamente associados à rinite foram: ser do sexo feminino (OR=2,45; IC95% 1,20-4,98) e consumir leite integral (OR=1,21; IC95% 1,04-1,40). Conclusões: Consumir mais leite integral, não ter televisão no quarto, ter tido poucas aulas de educação física e ser do sexo feminino foram fatores associados às doenças respiratórias. Políticas públicas devem ser dirigidas para um estilo de vida mais saudável e a prevenção de doenças respiratórias.

Resumen Introducción La hipertensión arterial (HTA), diabetes (DM2), obesidad, dislipidemia y hábitos como tipo de alimentación, actividad física, consumo de alcohol y tabaco, son factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo, que están asociados a las enfermedades cardiovasculares, en la población de 18 a 64 años de edad residentes del distrito Ayacucho y su relación con los factores conductuales modificables. Materiales y Método Estudio descriptivo, transversal, correlacional en el que se aplicó encuesta: “Modelo investigación, Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades No Transmisibles y medición de calidad de vida en Salud” del Ministerio de Salud, a una muestra de 412 personas. Se les realizó exámenes de laboratorio para glicemia y perfil lipídico, y se les tomó peso, talla (antropometría) y presión arterial. Los datos se analizaron mediante las pruebas de Modelos Lineales Generalizados Mixtos y Chi-cuadrado con 95% de nivel de confianza. Resultados 64.8 % de la población presentó al menos un factor de riesgo para sufrir de enfermedades cardiovasculares, se observaron prevalencias del 14.6 y 7.8% para HTA y DM2, respectivamente. Los cuales significativamente (p< 0.05) aumentan con la edad y se presentan con mayor frecuencia en hombres, consumidores de alcohol, tabaco, mal alimentados y de baja actividad física. Conclusiones HTA, DM2, dislipidemia y obesidad, están asociadas a factores de riesgo conductuales modificables, si se toman acciones correctivas, se disminuirá el riesgo de adquirir enfermedades cardiovasculares, esta información debe emplearse en la evaluación del impacto de programas de intervención que se realicen en la Región. Summary Introduction High blood pressure (HBP), diabetes (DM2), obesity, dyslipidemia and lifestyle habits such as diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking are risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of risk factors, which are associated with cardiovascular diseases, in the population aged 18 to 64 years old living in the Ayacucho district and their relationship with modifiable behavioral factors. Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in which the Ministry of Health's "Research Model, Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases, and Health-Related Quality of Life Measures" was applied to a sample of 412 people. Laboratory tests were conducted for glycemia and lipid panel, and weight, height (anthropometry) and blood pressure were recorded. The data were analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Chi-squared tests with a 95% confidence level. Results 64.8% of the population showed at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prevalences of 14.6 and 7.8% were observed for HBP and DM2, respectively, which significantly increase with age (p

[EN] Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors with insufficient leisure-time physical activity (ILPA) among adolescents from a medium-sized city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Data from the ACtVU cross-sectional survey (Uberaba - MG, Brazil) conducted between May and October 2015. High school students of both sexes (14 to 18 years old) comprised the sample. ILPA (< 300 minutes/week) was the dependent variable and sociodemographic, behavioral and health indicators were the independent variables evaluated through questionnaires. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR). BMI was used as control variable. Results: 984 students participated in this study. The percentage of ILPA was 44.9% (95% CI 41.7; 48.1) and was higher among girls (57.1% vs. 29.3% in boys). Increased chance for ILPA was found in: the grade for both sexes (OR = 2.23 boys, OR = 2.28 girls), weekday screen time (OR = 1.29), excessive use of smartphone during the week (OR = 1.54) and at the weekend (OR = 1.22) among boys, studying tonight (OR=1.80), having a work (OR = 1.24), family income (OR = 1.41 for 3 to 5 minimum wages and OR = 1.65 for ≥ 6 minimum wages), weekday screen time (OR = 1.87) and dissatisfaction with the own weight (OR = 1.32) among girls. Conclusion: The prevalence of ILPA was high. Most of the associated factors were different in boys and girls., [ES] Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con una actividad física insuficiente (AFI) en el tiempo libre entre los adolescentes de una ciudad mediana en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Los datos de la encuesta transversal ACtVU (Uberaba - MG, Brasil) realizada entre mayo y octubre de 2015. Los estudiantes de secundaria de ambos sexos (de 14 a 18 años) comprendieron la muestra. AFI (, This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001

Menstrual problems affect many young women worldwide, conditioning both their academic performance and quality of life. This study sought to analyse the prevalence of menstrual problems and their possible relationship with lifestyle among Spanish university women, as part of a research project (UniHcos Project) involving a cohort of 11 Spanish universities with 7208 university students. A descriptive analysis was performed using the bivariate chi-square test and the Student&rsquo, s t-test together with a binary logistic regression, in which the dependent variable was &lsquo, suffering from menstrual problems&rsquo, Menstrual problems were identified in 23.8% of the students, representing women who paid more visits to the doctor and to emergency rooms, and who consumed more painkillers and contraceptives. In relation to dietary preferences, menstrual problems were 1.39 (CI 95% 1.22&ndash, 1.61, p = 0.000) times more likely among women classified as high-risk alcohol users according to the AUDIT questionnaire, and 1.187 (CI 95% 1.029&ndash, 1.370, p = 0.019) times greater among those who consumed sweets daily, 1.592 (CI 95% 1.113&ndash, 2.276, p = 0.011) times more frequent among those who eat fish daily, and 1.199 (CI 95% 1.004&ndash, 1.432, p = 0.045) times greater among those who were dieting. Menstrual problems affect many college students and potentially modifiable lifestyle variables exist which may influence their prevalence. It would be interesting to develop programmes to promote women&rsquo, s health in the university context.

Resumen El objetivo fue sintetizar las mejores evidencias científicas sobre el efecto del sentido de coherencia en el desarrollo de la enfermedad, tratamiento e indicadores biomédicos de control metabólico y desarrollo de complicaciones de personas en riesgo de desarrollar diabetes y en diabéticos. El método utilizado fue la revisión sistemática. Búsqueda y selección por dos revisores independientes en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Ebsco, Science Direct y manuales, disponibles hasta 2017, en español e inglés, en población con edad superior a 18 años. De un total de 154 estudios, 20 artículos fueron incluidos en la revisión sistemática. Más de la mitad de los estudios utilizaron la versión SOC-13 para la verificación del sentido de coherencia y el indicador de control metabólico más frecuente fue la hemoglobina glucosilada. Además, 14, de los 20 estudios, encontraron una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el sentido de coherencia y la diabetes. Se concluye que el sentido de coherencia tiene una fuerte correlación con la diabetes en las diferentes fases de la enfermedad y está relacionado con la reducción del riesgo para el desarrollo de la enfermedad, la reducción de los valores de hemoglobina glucosilada y la aparición de complicaciones de la diabetes mellitus. Abstract The aim was to synthesize the best scientific evidence on the effect of sense of coherence in disease development, treatment, and biomedical metabolic control indicators, as well as the complications involved for people at risk of developing diabetes and for diabetics. The systematic review method was implemented. Search and selection efforts of two independent reviewers on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Ebsco, Science Direct, and manuals databases, available until 2017, in Spanish and English, of the population aged 18 and over. From a total of 154 studies, 20 articles were included in the systematic review. Over half of the studies used the SOC-13 version to verify the sense of coherence and the most frequent indicator of metabolic control was glycated hemoglobin. In addition to this, 14 of the 20 studies found a statistically significant relationship between sense of coherence and diabetes. It is concluded that the sense of coherence has a strong correlation with diabetes in the different phases of the disease and is related to the reduction of risk for the development of the disease, a reduction of glycated hemoglobin values, and the appearance of diabetes mellitus-related complications.

Introducción: la vida universitaria conduce a los estudiantes hacia un cambio en sus estilos de vida, con una tendencia hacia la inactividad física, que los hace propensos a padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y que se derivan también del sobrepeso. Objetivo: caracterizar el nivel de actividad física e índice de masa corporal de estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad del Atlántico. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado a 131 universitarios a los que se les tomaron medidas antropométricas para el cálculo del índice de masa corporal y la valoración del nivel de actividad física a través del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. Resultados: se encontró un promedio de edad de 22 años, un índice de masa corporal asociado al exceso de peso mayor en hombres (29 %) que en mujeres (25,5 %), y en el rango de edad de 18 a 22 años (29,7 %). En cuanto a la actividad física, los hombres (39,7 %) se ubicaron en el nivel bajo por encima de las mujeres (25,2 %); el rango de edad con mayores niveles de inactividad física fue entre 18 y 22 años (32,1 %).

Resumo Fundamento Apesar de se recomendar a intervenção em equipe no tratamento da hipertensão, resultados dessa abordagem em ambientes do mundo real são escassos na literatura. Objetivos Apresentar os resultados de uma estratégia terapêutica baseada em equipe, de longo prazo, de pacientes hipertensos em um serviço de saúde. Métodos Dados de pacientes hipertensos acompanhados em um centro de tratamento multidisciplinar localizado na região centro-oeste do Brasil em junho de 2017 com pelo menos duas visitas de acompanhamento foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Dados antropométricos, pressão arterial (PA), tempo de acompanhamento, tratamento farmacológico, diabetes, estilo de vida foram coletados da última consulta. Valores de PA < 140 x 90 mmHg em não diabéticos e < 130 x 80 mmHg em diabéticos foram considerados PA controlada. Um modelo de regressão logística foi construído para identificar variáveis independentemente associadas com o controle da PA. O nível de significância adotado foi de p

This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with magnesium intake and describe the main food sources in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brazil). This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using the baseline data from the ELSA-Brazil (2008-2010). Associations between usual magnesium intake and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Food sources were identified by calculating the percentage contribution of each FFQ item to the amount of magnesium provided by all foods. The analysis was performed using Stata® software (version 12), assuming a statistical significance level of 5%. The top food sources to magnesium intake were as follows: beans, oats, nuts, white rice, orange, French bread, cooked fish, boneless meat, whole milk, and whole wheat bread. There were positive associations between magnesium intake and female sex; age ≥60 years; self-reported black, indigenous, or brown skin colors; per capita income ≥3 minimum wages, and moderate or vigorous physical activity levels. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were associated with magnesium intake among the evaluated individuals. Resumo O estudo tem por objetivo identificar fatores sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida associados à ingestão de magnésio e descrever seus principais alimentos contribuintes no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, desenvolvido com dados da linha de base do ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010). Associações entre a ingestão habitual de magnésio e fatores sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida foram testadas por regressão linear múltipla. Contribuintes alimentares foram identificados a partir do cálculo do porcentual de magnésio fornecido por cada item do QFA em relação quantidade total proveniente de todos os alimentos. Os principais alimentos contribuintes para a ingestão de magnésio foram: feijão, aveia, nozes, arroz branco, laranja, pão francês, peixe cozido, carne sem osso, leite integral e pão integral. Foram encontradas associações positivas entre consumo de magnésio e sexo feminino, faixa etária ≥ 60 anos, cor de pele autodeclarada como negra, indígena ou parda, renda “per capita” ≥ 3 salários mínimos e níveis de atividade física moderado ou vigoroso. Alimentos da dieta tradicional do brasileiro foram os maiores contribuintes para a ingestão de magnésio, que também foi influenciada por fatores sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida.

Objective To associate body image with sociodemographic profile, lifestyle, anthropometry and health conditions in adult women. Methods Prevalence study, conducted in a probabilistic cluster sample (n=35 Primary Education Schools) conducted in 2016 with 633 teachers. Sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated; morbidities, anthropometric variables; subjective health issues; lifestyle and self-reported morbidities. Results The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 48.7%. There was a greater chance of dissatisfaction among older women who have children, unsatisfactory lifestyle, are overweight, with poor health/poor self-perception of health, and the presence of depressive symptoms. Women who had a poor lifestyle had a four-fold greater chance of dissatisfaction with body appearance (Odds Ratio=4.193) than women who had a satisfactory lifestyle. Conclusion The results revealed that almost half of the adult women surveyed in this study reported dissatisfaction with their body image. This outcome indicates the need for interventions and program implementation related to body image dissatisfaction among women. RESUMO Objetivo Esta pesquisa buscou associar imagem corporal com perfil sociodemográfico, estilo de vida, antropometria e condições de saúde em mulheres adultas. Métodos Um estudo de prevalência foi conduzido em uma amostra probabilística por conglomerados (n=35 Escolas da Educação Básica de Ensino), no ano de 2016, com 633 professoras. Foram avaliadas características sociodemográficas, morbidades, variáveis antropométricas, questões subjetivas em saúde, estilo de vida e morbidades autorreferidas. Resultados A prevalência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi de 48,7%. Houve maior chance de insatisfação entre as mulheres com maior idade, filhos, estilo de vida insatisfatório, acima do peso, autopercepção ruim/péssima de sua saúde e presença de sintomas depressivos. Mulheres que apresentaram estilo de vida insatisfatório tiveram probabilidade quatro vezes maior de insatisfação com a aparência corporal (Odds Ratio=4,193) do que as com estilo de vida satisfatório. Conclusão Os resultados revelaram que quase metade das mulheres adultas pesquisadas neste estudo relatou ter insatisfação com a imagem corporal. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade de intervenções e de implementação de programas relacionados à insatisfação com a imagem corporal entre as mulheres.

The authors wish to thank all subjects who participated in the study as well as all CAPLIFE collaborators. The authors also thank Ingrid de Ruiter for English editing support., Dietary diversity (DD) is a key component of a high-quality diet, providing the adequate nutrient requirements. However, the role of DD on prostate cancer (PCa) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between DD, adequate nutrient intake and PCa, according to the aggressiveness of the tumor. The CAPLIFE (CAP: prostate cancer; LIFE: lifestyles) study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 402 incident PCa cases and 302 controls. The DD score (DDS), adjusted by total energy intake, was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nutrient adequacy was defined according to European Dietary Recommendation Intake for men. The aggressiveness of PCa was determined according to the International Society of Urology Pathology classification. The association between DDS, nutrient intake and PCa was assessed by logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. DDS was similar for PCa cases and controls, independent of PCa aggressiveness. According to each food group DDS, the protein group showed the highest mean score in all the subgroups analyzed. However, no differences were observed for each of the DDS components. The DDS, the variety of the group’s food intake, and the adequate nutrient intake, were not associated with PCa., Regional Ministry of Health of Andalusia (Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia) PI-0514-2016