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This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and albumin-bilirubin grade (ALBI) for the postoperative prognosis of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) patients undergoing radical hepatectomy (RH). Besides, we seek to identify novel prognosis indicators for HBV-HCC patients. Between April 2009 and March 2015, this work enrolled 868 patients diagnosed with HBV-HCC and undergoing RH in the Liver Surgery Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (WCHSU). The basic information, laboratory examination indicators, pathological reports, and follow-up data of patients were included. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for statistical data analyses. Platelet (PLT), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), maximum diameter (max-D), number of tumors (Number), degree of differentiation (DD), Microvascular invasion situation (MVI), satellite focus situation (SF), PNI, and ALBI were the independent risk factors for both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of HBV-HCC patients undergoing RH. Taking PNI = 46 and ALBI = − 2.80 as cut-off values, the OS and DFS of the PNI-high group were significantly higher than those of the PNI-low group. Meanwhile, the OS and DFS of the ALBI-low group were significantly higher than those of the ALBI-high group; the OS and DFS of the PNI-high + ALBI-low group were significantly higher than those of the PNI-low + ALBI-high group. Xie prognostic index (XPI) was the independent risk factor for both OS and DFS of HBV-HCC patients undergoing RH. The OS and DFS of the XPI-high group were significantly higher than those of the XPI-low group. This paper reveals that preoperative PNI and ALBI can predict the OS and DFS of HBV-HCC patients undergoing RH. Their impact on the prognosis of HBV-HCC patients is insignificant, however, it cannot be ignored. XPI can precisely predict the prognosis of HBV-HCC patients undergoing RH, nonetheless, its effect requires additional research for validation.

Despite advancements in synthetic chemistry, nature remains the primary source of drug discovery, and this never-ending task of finding novel and active drug molecules will continue. Flavonoids have been shown to possess highly significant therapeutic activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-aging, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective, etc., However, it has been found that orally administered flavonoids have a critical absorption disorder and, therefore, have low bioavailability and show fluctuating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses. A detailed investigation is required to assess and analyze the variation in the bioavailability of flavonoids due to interactions with the intestinal barrier. This review will emphasize on the bioavailability and the pharmacological applications of flavonoids, key factors affecting their bioavailability, and strategies for enhancing bioavailability, which may lead to deeper understanding of the extent of flavonoids as a treatment and/or prevention for different diseases in clinics.

This paper analyzes a problem processing mechanism in a new collaboration system between the main manufacturer and the supplier in the "main manufacturer-supplier" mode, which has been widely applied in the collaborative development management of the complex product. This paper adopts the collaboration theory, the evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation to analyze the decision-making mechanism where one upstream supplier and one downstream manufacturer must process an unpredicted problem without any advance contract in common. Results show that both players' decision-makings are in some correlation with the initial state, income impact coefficients, and dealing cost. It is worth noting that only the initial state influences the final decision, while income impact coefficients and dealing cost just influence the decision process. This paper shows reasonable and practical suggestions for the manufacturer and supplier in a new collaboration system for the first time and is dedicated to the managerial implications on reducing risks of processing problems.

The electromagnetic interference caused by the strong stray magnetic field generated by a tokamak device and its coil power supply will greatly threaten the reliable operation of electrical and electronic devices nearby, and a magnetic field immunity test is the most commonly used method to qualify the sensitive equipment and ensure the reliability of the system. Thus, building a high-intensity magnetic field immunity test platform is essential for the stable operation of a large tokamak device in the future. This article presents the preliminary design of a large-scale high-intensity magnetic field immunity test platform, including dc static test platform, dc transient test platform, and power frequency test platform. Referring to the actual magnetic field environment around the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) tokamak device and its magnet power supply, the design parameters of the subplatforms are determined. Then the scheme design of the subplatforms and the integration design of the whole platform are briefly introduced. As a part of the large-scale superconductor rest facility (LSTF) in Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Plasma Physics (ASIPP), the design takes full advantages of the other devices planned in the facility. This test platform will be the largest in the world and enable the test of various equipment under different magnetic field environments, and more importantly, play an important role in the reliable operation of China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) and future large tokamak devices.

Most post-stroke patients experience upper limb functionality challenges. Emergent therapies using upper limb-based robot machines present opportunities to resolve the limitations inherent in Occupational therapy such as increased therapist-patient exhaustion, monotonous methods, and so forth. The aim of this parallel trial was to compare the effects of the upper limb robotic training with matched Occupational therapy training on upper limb function and independence-related quality of life in post-stroke patients within the Brunnstrom arm motor recovery stages 1 to 4. During one-year (2018-2019), 50 post-stroke patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to 2 groups; robot and Occupational therapy (n = 25) and Occupational therapy (n = 25). Both groups were trained for 50-70 minutes per day, 5 days a week for 6 weeks. The Chinese-adapted Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) was the primary outcome measure. The secondary outcome measures were the Brunnstrom Recovery Stages Scale (BRS) and the Chinese-adapted Barthel Index (BI). The treatment effect sizes of both groups were large in the following variables; transfers (1), BI total score (2.2), FMA-UE upper limb (1.1), wrist (1.8), elbow (1), fingers (0.9), and FMA-UE total scores (1.4). The treatment group in comparison to the control group had larger BRS changes, significant improvements in upper limb function, and partial independence in activities of daily living during the baseline to post-treatment period. Robotic-assisted training with occupational therapy may improve the upper limb movement foundation blocks; however, it does not translate into complete functional independence and improved quality of life. This study has been registered at the ISRCTN registry, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN84804731.

This study seeks to catalogue the opportunities for livestock production in the North West Region of Cameroon. Using Google Earth Maps, twenty urban and twenty peri-urban points were randomly selected based on settlement, followed by a random selection of four livestock farmers per point to participate in this study.

PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of 129 Xe MR in evaluating the pulmonary physiological changes caused by PM2.5 in animal models. METHODS Six rats were treated with PM2.5 solution (16.2 mg/kg) by intratracheal instillation twice a week for 4 weeks, and another six rats treated with normal saline served as the control cohort. Pulmonary function tests, hyperpolarized 129 Xe multi-b diffusion-weighted imaging, and chemical shift saturation recovery MR spectroscopy were performed on all rats, and the pulmonary structure and functional parameters were obtained from hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR data. Additionally, histological analysis was performed on all rats to evaluate alveolar septal thickness. Statistical analysis of all the obtained parameters was performed using unpaired 2-tailed t tests. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the measured exchange time constant increased from 11.74 ± 2.39 to 14.00 ± 2.84 ms (P < .05), and the septal wall thickness increased from 6.17 ± 0.48 to 6.74 ± 0.52 μm (P < .05) in the PM2.5 cohort by 129 Xe MR spectroscopy, which correlated well with that obtained using quantitative histology (increased from 5.52 ± 0.32 to 6.20 ± 0.36 μm). Additionally, the mean TP/GAS ratio increased from 0.828 ± 0.115 to 1.019 ± 0.140 in the PM2.5 cohort (P = .021). CONCLUSIONS Hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR could quantify the changes in gas exchange physiology caused by PM2.5 , indicating that the technique has the potential to be a useful tool for evaluation of pulmonary injury caused by air pollution in the future.

The disturbance mechanics behavior and mechanics mechanism of repeated mining of coal seam group are the important theoretical basis for safe mining of deep coal seam group. For the characteristics of interaction among coal seams under the condition of combined mining of coal seam group, in this paper, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of 3D mining stress field and the law of strata activity in repeated mining of deep coal seam group were studied by using similar material simulation and numerical simulation methods. The results showed that during the first mining, overburden mining broke the initial stress balance; part of the surrounding rock stress was released and free space was formed; rock mass moved to the direction of goaf, which released the pressure and protected the rock mass; a caving arch was formed in the overburden strata of coal seam whose arch trace was composed of the boundary line of separated strata and the fracture line of rock beam. As the working face continued to advance, the exposed strata in the arch gradually transferred and expanded to the upper strata, and the separated strata also gradually propagated upward, thus forming the periodic failure process of the caving arch. During repeated mining, the upper coal seam underwent the support and compaction process of caving, natural filling, the integrity of the main roof of the underlying coal seam was destroyed, all the interlayer strata collapsed or broke, and were connected with the goaf of the upper coal seam working face, resulting in the fractured rock mass of the goaf directly transferring load downward, and then the periodic weighting of mining was relaxed. The results have certain reference value for the combined mining of coal seams under similar conditions.

OBJECTIVES Recently, three-dimensional proximal isovelocity surface area (3D PISA) method has already been widely used in tricuspid regurgitation assessment. This study attempts to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of 3D PISA quantifying tricuspid regurgitation and explore the clinical value of 3D PISA in quantifying tricuspid regurgitation. METHODS Fifty-four patients with more than mild tricuspid regurgitation (TR) were enrolled. Effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) and regurgitant volume (Rvol) were assessed by transthoracic 3D PISA method and three-dimensional vena contracta area (3D VCA) method. The 3D VCA was used as reference method. We analyzed the correlation and differences of EROA between 3D PISA method and the reference method. RESULTS Both EROA and Rvol assessed by the 3D PISA had good correlations with the reference method, particularly in the assessment of eccentric jets, with the correlation coefficients of r (EROA) = 0.83, P

The fracture and damage behaviors of concrete under I–II mixed-mode loading are of great importance in determining the failure mode of concrete material and structure. In this paper, the four-point bending beams with different aggregate volume contents have been fabricated and tested to obtain the limited loading capacities, and the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was utilized for monitoring the local displacement above the notch during the loading procedure. Furthermore, based on the aggregate occupation and translation algorithm, a modified random aggregate model has been proposed for generating the four-point bending beam with precast notch, and the numerical simulations for the four-point bending beam with different aggregate volume contents and depths have been proceed.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether enhancement of calf muscular strength can produce influence on plantar pressure in barefoot running. Ten healthy male subjects (age:22±2.5 years, height: 1.76±0.4m, body mass: 65±2.5kg) participate this experiment enduring 8-week strength training adopting by calf raise movement on calf muscle. A medical ultrasonic instrument (Q6, China) was used to observe the variation of calf muscular morphology. A plantar pressure plate ( Novel Emed, Germany) was used to collect the variation of 8-region plantar pressure. After 8-week strength training, a significant increasing trend between pre-and post-strength training in subject`s pinnation angle (PA) of the gastrocnemius was found. Under strength training, there are some significant variations between pre-and post-plantar pressure. The start point of center of pressure (COP) gradually forward (middle foot 80%, forefoot 20%); the peak pressure of subject`s heel foot (HF) significantly lower; the maximal force in second-third metatarsal (M 2-3), medial foot (MF) and HF significantly decrease; the contact area in other toe (OT) significantly increase as well as MF and HF significantly decrease; the time-force integral in M2-3 and HF significantly lower and in MF significantly enhance. These results suggest, the enhancement of calf muscular strength may produce positively influence on beginning transitional process from shod running to barefoot running and is also worth to as a feasible way to recommend. However, the effects of strength straining on plantar pressure do not fully explore and still need to deeply explore own to existing limitations.

Objectives:The long-term outcome of childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) and its influencing factors remain unclear. The current study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of COS and identify possible outcome predictors.Methods:We retrospectively investigated 276 patients with COS. Diagnosis made according to the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia, and the age of the first onset was ≤ 14 years. Follow-up was completed for 170 patients, with a median follow-up period of 5.6 years. Outcome variables included occupational/education status and readmission. Spearman correlation was performed to assess the relationship between predictors and outcome variables. Binary logistic regression was conducted to detect possible predictor variables for outcome variables.Results:At the end of the follow-up, 89 patients (52.3%) were at school, 70 patients (41.2%) were employed, and only 11 patients (6.5%) were dropped out of school or unemployed. The duration to the first admission and depressive symptoms were identified as predictors of occupational/educational status. The length of follow-up and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) were distinguished as predictors of readmission. Duration to the first admission and length of follow-up were risk factors, and depressive symptoms and OCS were protective factors for the outcomes of COS.Conclusion:We found a favorable long-term outcome on occupational/education status in COS, and depressive symptoms and OCS may be associated with more positive long-term outcomes in COS. Our findings suggest that COS patients may benefit from early intervention and require appropriate treatment.

In this paper, a smart distributed feeder automation (FA) technology based on 5G wireless communication is proposed, which can achieve fast and accurate fault removal, improve the sensitivity and rapidity of fault handling in distribution network, meet the requirements of fault handling in areas where optical fiber cannot be laid, and further improve the reliability of power supply. It is verified and tested by a practical example.

Firstly, this paper studies the possibility of 4G wireless communication technology in the distributed feeder automation (FA) of distribution network. Through the research of wireless communication characteristics, aiming at the problems of communication delay, communication packet loss and communication multi packet, the communication quality control mechanism and the duplicate name message discarding mechanism are adopted to deal with them respectively. According to the abnormal situation of 4G wireless communication, this paper puts forward the research on distributed FA adaptive technology of distribution network to solve the demand of high power supply reliability in intelligent city.

The breakout of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic enormously threatens the human health. Many works, especially the education and training are blocked by such pandemic. The Ministry of Education of China has announced postponement of school without suspension of learning to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in educations with record of formal schooling and with informal training institutions, which leads to an unprecedented popularization in online education. Compared to the traditional offline education, online education has clear advantages in study time and location. However, the transitions of lack effective supervision in study locations, tasks, companions and evaluations could result in weak initiative and low efficiency. To remedy the shortcomings of current online education, we proposed an intelligent education promoted strategy including intelligent registration, intelligent supervision, intelligent evaluation, intelligent interaction, and privacy protection to promote the intelligent online education.

In view of the numerous uncertain factors in the manufacturing of quartz flexible accelerometer servo circuit, the tolerance effects of internal component parameters and fuzzy failure location, this paper proposed a network structure algorithm based on machine learning. The algorithm learnt and was trained according to the output function parameters of the circuit, in order to accurately determine the cause of the circuit fault and locate the fault through quantitative analysis. Through the measurement data in the production process, our algorithm has an accuracy rate of 99.6% of circuit failure factor prediction. The application of the algorithm can effectively improve circuit testing efficiency and manufacturing yield. Furthermore, it can be extended to other electronic equipment manufacturing fields showing a high engineering applicable significance.

In order to solve the problems of low authentication efficiency and easy tampering of authentication data in the electric IoT system, this paper proposes the electric IoT based on blockchain. First, the authentication model based on blockchain is proposed, and four key issues are analyzed, such as data security storage, user biometrics extraction, power terminal equipment feature extraction, and authentication key generation, then technical solutions are proposed. Secondly, based on the authentication model, the power terminal registration process, user registration process, and authentication process are proposed. The performance analysis of the authentication mechanism is carried out from four aspects: availability, integrity, privacy and efficiency. The analysis results show that the authentication mechanism proposed in this paper has good performance. Finally, the application scenarios and precautions of the authentication mechanism are analyzed.

Background The most common and severe infection of Aspergillus fumigatus is invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), which is usually seen in immunocompromised patients. Neutropenia is the primary risk factor implicated in IPA; however, IPA also occurs in patients without neutropenia, namely, those who are immunosuppressed owing to long-term corticosteroid use. With IPA-associated mortality as high as 51–79%, novel and effective treatment strategies are urgently needed. Pentoxifylline (PTX) has been shown to competitively inhibit the family 18 chitinases in fungi, which may be an new antifungal therapy. Hence, the aim of our study was to compare neutropenic and non-neutropenic IPA mouse models, and to evaluate the effect of PTX on IPA in immunosuppressed mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were pre-treated with cyclophosphamide and hydrocortisone. Neutropenic model IPA mice (CTX-IPA) and non-neutropenic IPA mice (HC-IPA) were established by intranasal administration of Aspergillus fumigatus spore suspension. A subset of each group was injected with PTX post-infection. Among these groups, we compared overall survival, pulmonary fungal burden, lung hispathology, and myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and mammalian chitinase concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Results The survival rate of the HC-IPA group was higher than that of the CTX-IPA group, and pulmonary fungal burden was also lower (p A. fumigatus. The HC-IPA group exhibited destruction of bronchi, expansion of alveolar septa, increased macrophages aggregation, significant neutrophil infiltration and a few hyphae in peribronchial areas. After PTX treatment, improvement was observed in survival duration and pulmonary fungal burden in HC-IPA mice. MPO and IL-8 levels were lower in the HC-IPA + PTX group compared to the corresponding levels in the HC-IP group. Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) expression in the HC-IPA group was decreased after PTX treatment (p Conclusion PTX was found to exert a therapeutic effect in a non-neutropenic mouse model of IPA, which may lead to the development of novel strategies for IPA treatment.

Sorting coal and gangue is an important means to improve the heating capacity of coal, realize the graded sale of coal and maximize the production benefits of coal mines. At present, the sorting of coal and gangue is still mainly manual, but the manual sorting efficiency is low and labor intensity is high, so it is particularly important to develop a coal and gangue sorting robot. The key technology of coal gangue sorting robot is the identification and classification of coal. This paper proposes a visual classification method based on CNN, constructs a visual depth neural network FCCN(Fast coal classification net), and implements a visual coal classification detection algorithm. Compared with the similar algorithm Mask R-CNN, it improves the classification accuracy, reduces the training time of the model, and has good application value.

Background Ma-Nuo-Xi decoction (MNXD), as well as its hundreds of derivative preparations, has been used in Tibetan medicine since the 14th century. MNXD is in accordance with the theory of treatment determination based on syndrome differentiation. This study aimed to compare the effect of the auxiliary MNXD prescription (MNXD-AD) with that of the basic MNXD prescription (MNXD-BD) on the immunostimulating activity of MNXD. Methods The immunopotentiation of MNXD, MNXD-BD, and MNXD-AD was evaluated using a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-immunosuppressed mouse model. Their influences on non-specific and specific immunity were evaluated using immune organ indexes, peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count, platelet count, phagocytosis, macrophage-secreted nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines, natural killer (NK) cytotoxic activity, lymphocyte proliferation, serum cytokines, splenic T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and quantitative hemolysis of sheep red blood cell (QHS SRBC) assays. Results MNXD, MNXD-BD, and MNXD-AD increased the spleen and thymus indexes, as well as the peripheral WBC, RBC, and platelet counts. They also promoted phagocytosis, NO and cytokine secretion from macrophages, NK cytotoxic activity, and lymphocyte proliferation, and also raised the CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell ratio, serum cytokine concentrations, and haemolysin formation in CTX-treated immunosuppressed mice. Compared with MNXD-BD and MNXD-AD, MNXD was superior in restoring the phagocytic index, concanavalin A (ConA)-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation, NO secretion from macrophages, and haemolysin formation, as well as the levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (INF-γ). Conclusions MNXD, MNXD-BD, and MNXD-AD have excellent immunostimulating and myelosuppression-restoring activities on CTX-immunosuppressed mice. Among them, MNXD-AD might be an immunomodulator, which may happen to be in line with the clinical experience of Tibetan medicine physicians of using it to promote the efficacy of MNXD-BD.

Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and immunotoxic by products of Aspergillus spp. that contaminate a broad range of grains such as maize, groundnut, and cotton. Aflatoxin not only impact negatively crop production but renders the produce unsuitable for consumption and harmful to human and livestock health, with tight threshold limits of acceptability. To prevent and control aflatoxin contamination in crops, several control strategies like biological control, development of resistant cultivar and fungicides have extensively studied for the past many years recommended to prevent aflatoxin contamination. Out of these control strategies, biological control of aflatoxin has in recent years showed more promising in both pre and post-harvest crops, since it is efficient in eliminating toxins, safe-guarding the quality of food and feed, environmental friendly, specific and leaves less hazardous residues. It is suggested in this review that, control from farm to folk which includes on-site monitoring of toxigenic fungi, aflatoxin contamination levels, preventing contamination by inhibiting fungal growth and aflatoxin producing fungi, removing and degradation of aflatoxin should be followed to minimize agricultural products contamination with aflatoxin, with all actors informed and engaged. This review also highlights the modes of biocontrol action, point out some organisms used for biological control, types and formulations of biocontrol, mechanism involved in biocontrol and the effects of biocontrol agents and main applications.

We consider a pseudospin-1/2 Bose–Einstein condensate with Rashba spin–orbit coupling in a two-dimensional toroidal trap. By solving the damped Gross–Pitaevskii equations for this system, we show that the system exhibits a rich variety of stationary states, such as vehicle wheel and flower-petal stripe patterns. These stationary states are stable against perturbation with thermal energy and can survive for a long time. In the presence of rotation, our results show that the rotating systems have exotic vortex configurations. These phenomenon originates from the interplay among spin–orbit coupling, trap geometry, and rotation.

Background: Peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) are being discovered more frequently. We investigated efficiency, safety, and influencing factors in radial probe endobronchial ultrasound with distance measurement (rEBUS-D) using a thin bronchoscope during transbronchial biopsy (TBB) for the diagnosis of malignant PPLs. Methods: Patients with PPLs who underwent rEBUS were retrospectively analyzed. Cases with rEBUS-D and a gold-standard final diagnosis were considered. Results: rEBUS was completed in 589 cases; 328 were analyzed. The lesion discovery rate was 85.06%; the overall rEBUS-D-TBB diagnostic rate was 54.88%. There were 193 cases of malignant tumors. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of rEBUSD- TBB in the diagnosis of malignant PPLs were 63.73%, 100%, 100%, 65.85%, and 78.40%, respectively. Single- and multi-factor analyses showed that lesion size, ultrasound probe position, and a positive bronchus sign on thoracic computed tomography (CT) were significant factors influencing diagnosis (all P=0.000); probe position and the bronchus sign were independent influencing factors. The effect of lesion distribution on diagnosis was not significant. In seven cases, postoperative pathology showed mixed tumors. Two cases of malignant tumors were combined with benign pathology; rEBUS-D-TBB did not suggest two pathologies. Thirteen cases had 50–100 mL of blood loss (3.96%); no pneumothorax or infection was observed. Conclusions: rEBUS-D-TBB had high sensitivity, 100% specificity, excellent safety, and a lower cost than rEBUS-GS-TBB in the diagnosis of malignant PPLs. Larger lesions, a positive bronchus sign on CT, and ultrasound probe position at the lesion’s center yielded higher diagnostic rates.

The Acceleration Grid Power Supply (AGPS) of the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) negative-ion-based neutral beam injector (N-NBI) prototype is a high-voltage power supply rated at -200 kV/25 A. The output voltage measurement and state detection of AGPS are required to safely operate for the N-NBI system. Hence, a high-performance data acquisition system is essential. The performance requirements of the data acquisition system becomes remarkable when the output voltage increases and electromagnetic interference enhance. This paper proposes an effective data acquisition method based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology and PCI extensions for instrumentation (PXI) series hardware used in the existing control system. Compared with traditional voltage-to-frequency (VF) conversion methods, the frequency output by the proposed method can maintain a consistently high standard when a lower reference output voltage is required. The principle test and high voltage test on the pulse step modulation (PSM) power supply of the J-TEXT Tokamak indicate that the delay of the data acquisition system is no more than 20 μs, which fulfills the requirements.

The design of blast-resistant vehicle provides an appropriate level of protection for the vehicle and occupants against the serious threat from landmine and improvised explosive devices (IED). Mathematically, the objective of this research is to optimize the configuration of light armored vehicle installed multilayer honeycomb sandwich structures (MHSS), shock-mitigating seat and seat belt, and cope with the challenge of highly computational cost on dealing with the large scale, multi-parameter, nonlinear and fluid-structure interaction simulation models. Multi material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MM-ALE) method is used to obtain the high-precision vehicle responses and occupant injuries under blast wave. The baseline model validated by the blast test is built, and the optimization model for blast-resistant vehicle is defined. Then, identifying important design parameters accurately is so difficultly when sufficient samples are not provided due to the expensive computational cost, and it’s inappropriate to screen parameters with inconsistent sequence of variable sensitivities for occupant injuries. Factor analysis based multi-parameter optimization (FAMO) is proposed to reduce the computational cost on improving the blast resistant performance of vehicle. The normal-boundary intersection (NBI) and the R 2 metric are used to obtain optimal compromise solution which noticeable reduced the peak value of occupant injuries, and the physical insights which drive the optimal solution to reduce the occupant injuries is analyzed. Additional studies are conducted on comparing between proposed algorithm and the conventional algorithm, including shape of the Pareto front, optimal compromise solution, design variables and responses.

For the quantitative recognition and characterization of the flow characteristics of polymorphism coalbed gas in tectonic coal, experiments on pore morphology, pore diameter distribution, and methane adsorption law in outburst tectonic coal were carried out by field emission scanning electron microscopy and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. The results revealed abundant round and dense “pyrolysis pores” in outburst tectonic coals, most of which were adsorption and seepage pores, with micropores accounting for 78.2%. Most pores were independent and formed the network pore space for gas enrichment and migration in outburst tectonic coal. The transverse relaxation time (T2) of methane adsorption in tectonic coal and crushed outburst tectonic coals presented three peaks, namely, adsorption, drifting, and free peaks. The isolation of nanopores and micropores revealed lower adsorption capacity of outburst tectonic coal than that of crushed outburst tectonic coal. The gas staged adsorption of raw coal with outburst tectonic low-permeability was observed. Under low gas pressure, the T2 spectral peak area of methane adsorption increased remarkably, whereas that of desorbed methane increased slightly. As gas pressure was increased to a certain numerical value, the increment of methane adsorption decreased and tended to reach equilibrium. This finding reflected that methane adsorption tended to be saturated after gas pressure reached a certain value, but desorbed methane in isolated micropores increased quickly. The quantitative recognition and characterization of pore structure and gas adsorption in tectonic low-permeability outburst coal seams based on low-field magnetic resonance imaging provide an experimental method for gas exploitation in coal seams and the study and control of coal and gas outburst mechanism.

Hospital buildings usually contain sophisticated facility systems and special medical equipment, strict security requirements, and business systems. Traditional methods such as BIM are becoming less capable of real-time updates of building status and big data volume. By proposing innovations both in technique and management—a “continuous lifecycle integration” method based on the concept of Digital Twin (DT) and “early movement” of the general contractor, this paper reported a successful project case in a large hospital in China. The case realized continuous, scheduled integration of static data and dynamic data of more than 20 management systems from the design, construction, pre-O&M phase up to the O&M phase. Then, a DT software system with real-time visual management and artificial intelligent diagnosis modules was developed and deployed in a newly built DT control center. Managers have the ability to grasp the detailed status of the whole hospital by visual management and receive timely facility diagnosis and operation suggestions that are automatically sent back from the digital building to reality. The case has been steadily running for more than a year in the hospital and achieved desired performance by reducing energy consumption, avoiding facility faults, reducing the number of requested repairs, and enhancing the quality of daily maintenance work.

Cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have always been two research hotpots in emergency medicine. Problems such as optimizing animal CA models and promoting CPR efficiency are to be explored. Establishing animal CA models is the precondition of CPR study. Previous studies usually use electric shock or intravenous drug administration to induce CA in animals. Nevertheless, as electric shock is complicated to operate and the dosage for drug administration is difficult to control, many published animal CA models are not ideally stable and operable. In order to establish a stable and operable CA model for cardiac arrest- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR) research, this study established different pig CA models via intravenous administration of KCI, MgSO 4 and ketamine respectively, and subsequently performed CRP with a self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device (SIITD). The success rate of CRP in different CA models was evaluated according to hemodynamic and biochemical parameters of pigs. Results demonstrated that in the CA model established by intravenous administration of MgSO 4 , cardiac output of pigs were significantly elevated and reached the normal range at 10-min after CPR, and other vital signs and biochemical parameters in this model exhibited recovery trends throughout CPR. This study provides a more effective CA model and new ideas in methodology of future CA-CPR research.

Background: Post-stroke depression has seriously affected the rehabilitation and quality of life of patients, and there is no reliable treatment plan at present. Nursing plays an important role in the recovery of patients, some studies have pointed out that traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy has advantages in improving post-stroke depression and promoting rehabilitation, but it is lack of evidence-based basis. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy on the improvement of post-stroke depression. Method: We will search CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library database, and search the randomized controlled trial on traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy in patients with post-stroke depression from the establishment of the database to February 2021. The language is limited to English and Chinese. The quality of the included study is independently extracted and the literature quality is evaluated by 2 researchers. And meta-analysis is performed on the included literature using RevMan5.3 software. Result: In this study, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine emotional therapy on the improvement of post-stroke depression is evaluated by patient psychiatric scale score, compliance evaluation, quality of life evaluation and other indicators. Conclusion: This study will provide reliable evidence-based basis for establishing a reasonable and effective nursing scheme for patients with post-stroke depression. Ethics and dissemination: Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval will not be required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences. OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/KA7G3

This paper performs mathematic deduction to the physical model of Hold Down Spring (HDS), establishes a mathematic model of axial load P and stress, stress coefficient and friction coefficient and designs a set of test apparatuses for simulating the pretightening process of the HDS for the first time according to a model similarity criterion. By carrying out tests and researches through a stress testing technique, P–σ curves in loading and unloading processes of the HDS are obtained and the stress coefficient kf of the HDS is obtained. So, the friction coefficient f of the K1000 HDS are further calculated to be 0.336 by stress coefficient kf. It is very important that the research method of friction coefficient put forward by this paper for the first time. The method can provide an exact basis for HDS design and structure selection and can provide a guarantee for the safe operation of the reactor.

As wort is the sweet starter liquid for beer, its quality needs to be strictly controlled. It is generally accepted that wort turbidity is of importance in terms of the brewing process and the resulting beer quality. This study investigated the major ingredients of wort turbidity using the malting barley cultivar Dan'er, grown in Jiangsu province, China. It was found that dextrins of low molecular weight constituted the vast majority of the polysaccharides causing wort turbidity. To solve the turbidity problem with the Dan'er malt, the present study supplemented 80 U g−1 of β-amylase, and as an activator, an extra 50 mg L−1 of Ca2+ to the malting process of Dan'er barley. The turbidity of the resulting congress wort of the Dan'er malt declined to