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This paper presents a microwave sensor design for moisture detection contents in petroleum productions based on metamaterials. The proposed sensor occupies a compacted size of 40×40×1.6 mm3 by using low-cost FR4 substrate. The proposed sensor consists of a transmission line and two split-ring resonators (SRRs) mounted on two sides. The transmission line is coupled to the outer ring of the SRRs to provide two resonant frequencies at 1.03 GHz and 3.04 GHz. It is observed that most of the electric fields fringing is come out of the air gap on the SRRs. Two pans are mounted on the sensor to contain the sample under test (SUT). The simulation studies are carried out by using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio. After introducing the pans, frequency shifts, △f1=150 MHz and △f2=424 MHz, are detected in the resonant frequency which is associated with the perturbation phenomenon when the water concentration is varied from 0% to 100%. The proposed sensor exhibits a reliable detection percentage of various different amounts of the moisture content in crude oil introductions. Generally, a good detection methodology is discovered by applying the proposed sensor for detecting the crude oil quality productions.

This paper presents a compact, tri-bands, rectangular patch antenna based on H-Tree fractal slots structure for modern wireless communication systems has been introduced. The antenna structure consists of a 70.70×56mm2 rectangular patch printed on 173×173×1.6mm3 FR4 substrate. H-Tree slots fractal geometry with the defective ground plane on the other side to enhance gain and bandwidth. The suggested antenna is fed by a 50 Ω microstrip line. The antenna shows three resonance frequencies: 0.784, 1.158, and 1.772 GHz. The suggested antenna offers a total size reduction of about 75 %. The designed antenna possesses fractional bandwidths of 3.976 %, 7 %, and 2.7866 % for the first, second, and third resonances, respectively. Finally, the proposed antenna is a candidate for Global System for Mobile communications (GSM).

In this study, an investigation is conducted to realise the possibility of organic materials use in radio frequency (RF) electronics for RF-energy harvesting. Iraqi palm tree remnants mixed with nickel oxide nanoparticles hosted in polyethylene, INP substrates, is proposed for this study. Moreover, a metamaterial (MTM) antenna is printed on the created INP substrate of 0.8 mm thickness using silver nanoparticles conductive ink. The fabricated antenna performances are instigated numerically than validated experimentally in terms of S 11 spectra and radiation patterns. It is found that the proposed antenna shows an ultra-wide band matching bandwidth to cover the frequencies from 2.4 to 10 GHz with bore-sight gain variation from 2.2 to 3.43 dBi at maximum. The antenna size is compacted to a 32 mm × 24 mm using a fractal-shaped MTM when mounted on the INP substrate with a relative permittivity e r = 3.106-j0.0314 and a relative permeability μ r = 1.548-j0.0907. Finally, the maximum obtained voltage from the proposed antenna is found about 2 V at 2.45 GHz and 2.5 V at 5.8 GHz, where, the corresponding measured equivalent isotropic radiated power is about 2.35 W at 2.45 GHz and 6.12 W at 5.8 GHz.

in this paper, a gain enhancement of the UWB Tapered slot Vivaldi antenna (TSVA) for radar imaging application is presented. The proposed antenna has 41×48×1 mm3 dimensions. The proposed antenna operates from 2.7 GHz to more than 12 GHz. The antenna is printed on a 1 mm FR4 dielectric substrate thickness with an exponentially tapered slot shape. The suggested Vivaldi antenna is modified by inserting a polygon form dielectric lens and some periodic unequal lengths director elements consist of three metallic strips on the dielectric lens, which produces an improvement in gain significantly along with center frequency band about 2 dB. The radiation pattern of the proposed antenna has a stable variation with respect to frequency.

In this paper a novel tri band, small size microstrip antenna based on fractal slots geometry for wireless and mobile applications has been introduced. The proposed antenna was created by etching out a rectangular radiating patch with two equal slits, yielding three conductors. This process is repeated again for the created patches. The designed antenna was fed with from 50Ω microstrip fed line. The antenna gives three resonance frequencies, (GSM 0.925 GHz, GSM 1.8 GHz and WLAN 2.4 GHz) and has suitable bandwidth for these applications. The antenna shows high reduction in size about 85% at GSM resonance frequency. The antenna is designed for 3.15×31.75mm FR4 substrate material and simulated using HFSS v.13 EM simulator from Ansoft. The simulation results show that the designed antenna possesses impedance bandwidths 11.2%, 7.75% and 3.3% for the first, second and third resonance respectively.

In this paper, a novel compact, low profile, low cost, microstrip fed line with single and double band-notch characteristics ultra wideband (UWB) patch antenna is presented. The proposed antenna satisfying UWB operation from 3 GHz - 11 GHz with two notches and have maximum gain 4.9 dB. The first band-notch is designed to reduce the electromagnetic interference in WiMAX frequency band (3.8 GHz), while the second band notch of WLAN IEEE 802.1a (5.35 GHz). By inserting seven different size arms of a single parasitic split ring resonator (SPSRR) band notch in the range of 3.3501-4.5857 GHz is obtained. Furthermore, the second band notch around from 5.1 - 5.6 GHz for WLAN is obtained by etching circular complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) near the microstrip feed line. A very high agreement between simulation and experimental results is achieved. The proposed antenna can be considered as a good candidate for UWB communication applications with very low electromagnetic interference.