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Partial absence of face information challenges the robustness of face recognition algorithms. In order to reduce the effect of partial information loss on face recognition, a Face Recognition Metho...

Background & Aims Gemcitabine resistance is rapidly acquired by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Novel approaches that predict the gemcitabine response of patients and enhance gemcitabine chemosensitivity are important to improve patient survival. We aimed to identify genes as novel biomarkers to predict the gemcitabine response and the therapeutic targets to attenuate chemoresistance in PDAC cells. Methods Genome-wide RNA interference screening was conducted to identify genes that regulated gemcitabine chemoresistance. A cell proliferation assay and a tumor formation assay were conducted to study the role of lethal giant larvae homolog 1 (LLGL1) in gemcitabine chemoresistance. Levels of LLGL1 and its regulating targets were measured by immunohistochemical staining in tumor tissues obtained from patients who received gemcitabine as a single therapeutic agent. A gene-expression microarray was conducted to identify the targets regulated by LLGL1. Results Silencing of LLGL1 markedly reduced the gemcitabine chemosensitivity in PDAC cells. Patients had significantly shorter survival (6 months) if they bore tumors expressing low LLGL1 level than tumors with high LLGL1 level (20 months) (hazard ratio, 0.1567; 95% CI, 0.05966–0.4117). Loss of LLGL1 promoted cytokine receptor oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) expression in PDAC cells that led to gemcitabine resistance, while knockdown of OSMR effectively rescued the chemoresistance phenotype. The LLGL1-OSMR regulatory pathway showed great clinical importance because low LLGL1 and high OSMR expressions were observed frequently in PDAC tissues. Silencing of LLGL1 induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and specificity protein 1 (Sp1), promoted Sp1 (pThr453) binding at the OSMR promoter, and enhanced OSMR transcription. Conclusions LLGL1 possessed a tumor-suppressor role as an inhibitor of chemoresistance by regulating OSMR–extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2/Sp1 signaling. The data sets generated and analyzed during the current study are available in the Gene Expression Omnibus repository (ID: GSE64681)., Graphical abstract

According to the requirements of Chang’e 4 mission, the configuration and layout of Queqiao relay satellite are designed based on the mission analysis. The satellite’s shape, structure size, mechanical interface of launch vehicle adapter, module division, primary structure and equipment layout are determined. Based on small satellite’s platform and main structure, we optimized configuration and layout of structure size, solar array fixing, tank fixing, big antenna fixing. Combining with light-weighting technology and 3D printing technology, achieving a goal of zero-counterweight, the loading ratio reaches a high level of advanced small satellite. To pursue the tenet of “Simplicity, symmetry, and harmony”, the design ability is highlighted by combining the functionality and simplicity. It provides the reference to the similar satellite configuration and layout.

According to the requirements of smart electricity meters test data management service system, on the basis of analyzing the insufficient of the traditional smart electricity meters quality inspection tests. A set of mobile phone APP software and smart electricity meters test data management service system based on the B/ S architecture is developed. A universal data management system platform is designed and implemented. The system architecture, system database and the design ideas of each component module in detail is introduced and introduced the technical tools and methods used in each part. Key technologies such as large data volume database management, data backup and recovery are researched. By partitioning smart electricity meters test data, load data and retrieval test on the system platform. Data management efficiency has been greatly improved compared to traditional methods, which meet the requirements for large data volume data management.

Objective Coronary slow flow (CSF) is characterized by delayed opacification of distal epicardial coronary arteries without significant coronary stenosis. In addition, The changes of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) as a significant predictive factor for CSF remain controversial. The study aims to investigate the association between plasma Lp-PLA2 and CSF. Methods In this retrospective study, 170 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2017 to September 2019, and were divided into CSF group and normal control groups. According to coronary blood flow rate measured by the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count (TFC) method, CSF was defined as TFC > 27. Serum Lp-PLA2 levels were measured in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Lp-PLA2 levels were higher in the CSF group than in the control group (288.6 ± 50.3 versus 141.9 ± 49.7, P 2 was independently associated with CSF after adjustment for conventional risk factors (OR = 1.040, CI = 1.022–1.059, PP = 0.016) and hypertension (OR = 1.965, CI = 1.034–3.736, P = 0.039) were also CSF risk factors. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 levels can predict CSF severity; the predictive power was higher than the other risk factors. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that patients with CSF had higher circulating levels of Lp-PLA2 than normal controls. After adjustment for potential confounders, increased Lp-PLA2 was independently associated with presence of CSF.

A compact dual band 2 × 1 multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antenna with high isolation was proposed. It resonates at 2.4 and 5.25 GHz. The proposed MIMO antenna with a compact size of 0.2λ * 0.27λ (f = 2.4 GHz). The high isolation performance is obtained by loading strips with the ground plane, inserting quasi-pai shaped slots in the ground plane and employing neutral line between the two elements of the MIMO antenna. Results show that the isolation of the MIMO antenna can reach 33 dB at both of the operating frequencies.

CD8+ T cells are primarily cytotoxic cells that provide immunological protection against malignant cells. Considerable evidence suggests that the T-cell repertoire is closely associated with the host immune response and the development of cancer. In this study, we explored the characteristics of the circulating CD8+ T-cell repertoire and their potential value in predicting the clinical response of breast cancer patients to chemotherapy. We applied a high-throughput TCR β-chain sequencing method to characterize the CD8+ T-cell repertoire of the peripheral blood from 26 breast cancer patients. In addition, changes in the circulating CD8+ T-cell repertoire during chemotherapy were analyzed. We found that the HEC ratios of the CD8+ T-cell repertoires from HER2+ breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those of HER2− patients, suggesting that the HER2 protein is released into circulation where it is targeted by CD8+ T cells. Several Vβ and CDR3 motifs preferentially used in HER2+ patients were identified. Besides, we found that the circulating CD8+ T-cell repertoires evolved during chemotherapy and correlated with patient clinical responses to chemotherapy. Increased CD8+ T-cell repertoire heterogeneity during chemotherapy was associated with a better clinical response. Although functional studies of clonally expanded CD8+ T-cell populations are clearly required, our results suggest that the circulating CD8+ T-cell repertoire reflects the characteristics of the tumor-associated biomolecules released into the blood and correlates with the clinical responses of the patients to chemotherapy which might assist in making treatment decisions.

The increasing frequency of early breast cancer cases has driven an increasing number of patients to choose immediate reconstruction with an autologous flap. Omentum-flap-based breast reconstruction is a unique strategy that is highly suitable for repairing moderate tissue defects. However, all available evidence comes from individual reports with small numbers of cases, and the overall effectiveness and safety of the procedure have yet to be reported. Here, we reported 7 cases of laparoscopically harvested omental free flap breast reconstruction and performed a systematic review to assess the applicability and safety of this approach. The data were gathered from MEDLINE, Ovid, Google Scholar and the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database. In total, we combined 15 articles (410 cases) for analysis. The data revealed that almost all patients (87.6%) were reported to have undergone laparoscopy instead of laparotomy; pedicle flaps were used in 90.9% of the cases, while only 5 (37 cases) used free flaps for reconstruction; and 96.6% (396/410) of all reconstruction procedures were immediate. Almost all of these cases had a small tumour burden (T0/Tis/T1 59.8%; T2 36.8%), and the distribution of tumour location was similar among the four quadrants. The cosmetic outcomes were desirable in most cases (83.9%). There were 41 complications identified in the dataset: partial graft necrosis accounted for the largest percentage (41.5%) of all events, followed by skin necrosis (19.5%), haematoma (12.2%) and wound infection (9.8%). During the follow-up period, which had a short median duration, 2 cases of tumour recurrence were reported. Overall, our systematic review found that omentum-flap-based breast reconstruction could achieve a satisfactory aesthetic outcome, especially for small breasts and tissue replacement after breast-conserving surgery, and the safety of the procedure was also acceptable.

Constellations of small satellites have a promising use in satellite remote sensing or satellite communication. Launching several small satellites at the same time with one vehicle is a good way to keep the budget of the whole project under control. Multi-payload adapter is an important equipment on the launch vehicle to carry those small satellites during the rising phase and shoot them into their own trajectories during the orbiting phase. The paper studies the relations between the demands of small satellites launching and the multi-payload adapter designing. Also the paper illustrates the necessity of putting the multi-payload adapter into a project and the necessity of researching on the multi-payload concurrent experiment.

Dynamic reluctance mesh method (DRM) combines the advantages of finite-element method(FEM) and magnetic equivalent circuit method. The attractive advantages of this method include as follows: less mesh units compared with FEM; higher computational accuracy than traditional magnetic equivalent circuit method. This paper presents modeling and analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motor using DRM. Furthermore, the iron losses are investigated. The FEM results are presented to validate the model.

Continuous automatic wire-feeding device is a device that delivers metal wires required for electric explosion spraying to the designated position in vacuum environment, thus replacing manual wire-feeding on the equipment. The control system of the continuous automatic wire-feeding experimental device designed in this paper mainly includes three parts: the main control system, the man-machine interface and the upper computer. The main control system is composed of a single-chip microcomputer c8051f020, which realizes the control of components such as the motor drivers, relays, sensors and etc. outputs the collected signals and communicates with the human-machine interface. The human-machine interface consists of an LCD display and an IO expansion board, which can respond to the operator's instructions and display the experimental data. The host computer communicates with the main control system, sends commands and receives the feedback information of the main control for analysis and processing. The experimental results show that the device realizes automatic wire-feeding control with high degree of automation, which improves the efficiency and reliability of the electric explosion spraying experimental device.

Objective To assess the feasibility of metabonomics in clinical studies. This is a pilot study introducing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)–based metabonomics to elucidate and compare the metabolism of patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and children without orofacial clefts. Methods High-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy was performed on plasma and urine samples obtained from NSCL/P and healthy children. The 1H NMR spectra were further analyzed with principal component analysis. Results Compared to the control group, the level of low-molecular-weight metabolites in plasma such as asparagine was higher in NSCL/P patients, while arginine, lysine, acetate, lactate, proline, glutamine, pyruvate, creatinine, choline, and β-glucose were lower. The carnitine, citrate, and formate excretion in urine appeared to be higher in the healthy children, while the NSCL/P group excreted higher concentrations of aspartic acid and phenylalanine in urine. Conclusion The present study clearly demonstrated the great potential of NMR-based metabonomics in elucidating NSCL/P plasma metabolism and the possible application of this technology in clinical diagnosis and screening.

Drug repurposing of non-cancer drugs represents an attractive approach to develop new cancer therapy. Using the TRAMP transgenic mouse model, glipizide, a widely used drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been identified to suppress prostate cancer (PC) growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis is intimately associated with various human cancer developments. Intriguingly, glipizide significantly reduces microvessel density in PC tumor tissues, while not inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation from the MTT assay and flow cytometry investigation. Moreover, glipizide inhibits the tubular structure formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by regulating the HMGIY/Angiopoietin-1 signaling pathway. Taken together, these results demonstrate that glipizide has the potential to be repurposed as an effective therapeutic for the treatment of PC by targeting tumor-induced angiogenesis.

Abnormal vibration appeared when experimental tests was carried out on gearboxes of a 1.5MW wind turbine. In this paper, Time-domain and frequency- domain analysis of test data was implemented based on the method of wavelet denoising, the fault location was determined, and the vibration fault indicators and frequency components were obtained. The finite element model of the gearboxes were established, and the natural frequencies and mode shapes were achieved by calculating. The results showed that the fault occurred in the high speed shaft parts, fault vibration frequency was caused by high-speed shaft eccentric resonance frequency and the frequency generated by the natural frequency and the edge frequency that caused by turning. The research layed the foundation for the study of noise reduction and optimization of the wind turbine gearboxes.

A study is made on gear transmission system of 1.5MW Wind Turbine Gearbox. Using lumped parameter method, the dynamics model involving 6 degrees of freedom for every helical gear is established with taking the time-varying mesh stiffness and error into account. The dynamics characteristic of transmission under the effect of both external and internal excitation is calculated. The results show that under the rated speed, the transmission system is quasi-periodic, and the vibration directions of gears with large amplitude are obtained, which is consistent with testing results. This study can be referred to in engineering applications.

With strong support from Chinese government bodies such as the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Basic Research Program of China, the field of applied superconductivity in China has been developed in different areas. Especially in the fusion application area, the first fully-superconducting tokamak, EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak), has been successfully constructed and commissioned in the last two years. Based on the requirement from the ITER project, high performance Bi-2223 HTS tape, and Nb3Sn and NbTi strands have been developed as well. In the area of HTS applications for electric power systems, R&D has been focused on superconducting power cable, superconducting magnetic energy storage, superconducting transformer, superconducting fault current limiters. In this paper, the recent progress in applied superconductivity in China is reported.

We developed a saturated iron-core type 35 kV/90 MVA superconductive fault current limiter and installed the device in a transmission network at Puji substation of China Southern Power Grid for live-grid operation. Innovative design in the iron-core configuration ensures that the device has low impedance in normal power transmission and sufficiently high impedance for a fault current limiting action. A magnetization control circuit allows the iron-core to be saturated or de-saturated depending upon the functional requirements. An energy release and voltage-surge protection unit can promptly discharge the magnetic energy accumulated in the iron-core and suppress the induced and surge voltages of the dc circuit in a current limiting event. This device has been designed to reduce the magnitude of a fault current by about 50%, which will prevent the breaking capacity of the existing circuit breakers in the transmission network from being exceeded in the predictable future. This article presents structural and functional specifications and reports up-to-date live-grid operation data of the device.

A type of electro-optic modulator is developed by using La3Ga5SiO14 crystal which is optically active. In this modulator, π/4 prebiasing phase is offered by using the optical activity of La3Ga5SiO14 single crystal.

A type of electro-optic Q-switch is designed by using optically active crystal La3Ga5SiO14 (abbreviated as LGS), in which the polarization plane gyration and electro-optic effect exist simultaneously. The configuration of the Q-switch is based on the consideration that the total rotation angle of the polarization plane of the polarized laser is zero, while the laser in the cavity propagates through the Pockels cell back and forth. The Q-switch placed in a Nd3 +:YAG laser behaves normally, like those without optical activity. Compared with the DKDP Q-switch, the LGS Q-switch has more superiorities, which make it a suitable replacement for the DKDP Q-switch in lasers with medium-output energy.

In this paper, we have studied the mutual action of the optical activity and the electro-optic effect, and its influence on the electro-optic Q-switch. The birefringence (g33/n0)(Δ/n0)2 resulting from the mutual action is calculated. In the polarization light interferometric experiment setup, the outgoing light intensity expression is given by I = A20 cos2 〈 (π/λ)(g33/n0)l − β] + (π/λ)[(−2Δ) + (g33/n0)(Δ/n0)2]l〉, for the optically active crystal on which the voltage is applied. We discuss the influence on the turn-off and turn-on states of the Q-switch caused by the mutual action term (g33/n0) Δ/n0)2, and the advantage and disadvantage of the two work-manners of the Q-switch (i.e., step-up manner and step-down manner). The synthetic properties of La3Ga5SiQ14 electro-optic Q-switch are described in comparison to KD2PO4 and LiNbO3 Q-switches.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects memory, and its prevalence is rising. Increasing evidence suggests that dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may be involved in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we report that the permeability of the BBB is increased and that AD-like alterations are present in Slit-2 overexpressing transgenic mice. We found that behavioral change and the corresponding molecular diagnostic markers of AD, such as hippocampal neuron apoptosis, amyloid-β (Aβ) protein deposition, and acetylcholinesterase expression, were increased in the Slit-2 transgenic mice. Moreover, the endothelial cells were dysfunctional, the size of the lateral ventricle cavity increased, and the permeability of the BBB increased. Additionally, there was an increased serum level of glutamate indicating that the BBB is related to AD. Finally, histopathological analysis of other organs in the Slit-2 overexpressing mice did not show any marked abnormalities. These findings demonstrate that Slit2 overexpression may be responsible for AD-like alterations and the increased BBB permeability in these mice. Our study provides a potential novel mechanism for the development of AD.

To the Editor: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience sleep-related hypoventilation (1, 2). However, there is controversy as to whether this occurs due to an increase in upper airway resistance or a reduction in neural respiratory drive. Elevated neural respiratory drive in wakefulness is well documented in COPD (3). O’Donoghue and coworkers (4) reported in patients with COPD that a sleep-related hypoventilation was due to increased upper airway resistance, and Ballard and coworkers (5) reported an increase in upper airway resistance moving from wakefulness to sleep, although upper airway resistance was not consistently greater during sleep (see Figure 3 of their article [5]). Moreover, in healthy young adults, a poor correlation was observed between changes in ventilation and upper airway resistance (6). Morrell and coworkers (7) addressed the question directly in tracheotomized subjects, confirming hypoventilation during sleep, thus excluding an obligate contribution from upper airway resistance. To further address the question, we performed diaphragm electromyography (EMGdi) using a multipair esophageal electrode as an index of neural respiratory drive (8–11). Some of the data have been previously reported in abstract form (12). A total of 17 stable patients with moderate to very severe COPD and 14 age-matched normal subjects participated. All subjects were free from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; apnea–hypopnea index < 5.0 events/h) and snoring confirmed by prior overnight polysomnography, and were free from clinically significant coexisting diseases, including neuromuscular disorders. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chinese State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, and all patients gave their informed consent to participate. A multipair esophageal electrode catheter (Yinghui Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China) was used as previously described (8) to record the EMGdi during overnight polysomnography (9–11). Airflow was recorded with a pneumotachograph connected to a full facemask. Maximal EMGdi was recorded from maximal voluntary inspiratory maneuvers. Polysomnography was manually analyzed based on standard criteria (13). The root mean square (RMS) of the EMGdi (RMSEMGdi) was calculated by computer with a time constant of 100 milliseconds. Efficacy of neural respiratory drive was defined as the ratio of minute ventilation to peak RMSEMGdi of each breath. Data were selected during stable breathing without respiratory events. Data collected for 10 minutes before sleep and for at least 15 minutes during non–rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM in the supine position were selected for analysis. Two-way ANOVA was used to test differences between wakefulness, NREM, and REM sleep; data are presented as means (±SD), and statistical significance was determined as a P value of less than 0.05. Some subjects could not tolerate the full facemask, and satisfactory measurements were therefore obtained in 10 male patients with COPD (age, 59.3 ± 11.5 yr; body mass index, 20.8 ± 3.1 kg/m2; FEV1, 34.2 ± 15.8% predicted; FEV1/FVC, 37.8 ± 11.6%; oxygen saturation

An adaptive wideband impedance matching technique using a passive PI-network is presented in the paper on the basis of adaptive quantum particle swarm optimization algorithms (AQPSO), which avoiding the drawbacks of the standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Wideband Tuning technique is for actual RF chips. So on-chip models for RF capacitors and inductors are considered. And the effects of the parasitic component loss in the PI-network are analyzed. Then the circuit is simplified according to the sensitivities of the elements. Therefore, the computational complexity is dramatically reduced. Finally, the AQPSO algorithm is adopted to maximize the power transmission efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed tuning technique can achieve good accuracy of impedance matching and load power. The reflection coefficient and VSWR obtained are also satisfactory. Moreover, the proposed method can be useful for software defined radio systems using a single antenna for multiple mobile and wireless bands. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i11.3504

In this paper, the precision of single-sided sampling measurement for large-scale solids of revolution was researched, in which only half of the surface was measured and laser trackers were expected to be used as measurement equipment. A cylinder was taken as example to be measured repeatedly in SA (Spatial Analyzer) software by its secondary development and simulation techniques. Monte Carlo method was used for evaluation of measurement uncertainties of cylindricity. Then some uncertainty results of different sampling strategies were compared and points number' influence on uncertainties were researched too.

In recent decades, the incidence and prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) have increased and this has become a major threat to human health. Pre-diabetes is a period between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes, and includes impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Intervention in pre- diabetes is a critical therapy in order to prevent T2DM. Recently, many clinicians have begun to focus on this stage of pre-diabetes. Intervention in pre-diabetes is in line with the idea of "prevention of disease" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which refers to carrying out minor active therapies to reverse the progress of a disease. Hence, the ancient concept of "prevention of disease" in TCM could be used in the modern therapy of T2DM. More specifically, an early diagnosis should be made using modern medical methods and treatment should be started at once with modern therapeutic methods as well as complimentary therapy, such as TCM.

This letter proposes a high-conductivity insulated gate bipolar transistor (HC-IGBT) with Schottky contact formed on the p-base, which forms a hole barrier at the p-base side to enhance the conductivity modulation effect. TCAD simulation shows that the HC-IGBT provides a current density increase by 53% and turn-off losses decrease by 27% when compared to a conventional field-stop IGBT (FS-IGBT). Hence, the proposed IGBT exhibits superior electrical performance for high-efficiency power electronic systems.

Fifty-one phytoplankton samples were collected from different ecological environments in five provinces located in the central, eastern and southwestern parts of China. 41 taxa of silica-scaled chrysophytes, 8 of them belonging to the Chrysophyceae and 33 to the Synurophyceae, have been identified by means of electron microscopy. Among them, Mallomonas parvula, M. calceolus, M. cyathellata (?), M. costata, M. crassisquama, and Synura echinulata are new to China. The silica-scaled chrysophyte flora and its geographical distribution in this region are analysed and discussed.

This paper introduces a simulation model of Saturated Iron Core Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SICSFCL) using SIMPOWER of MATLAB and establishes an actual model for the 35kV/90MVA SICSFCL installed in Puji substation at Kunming. The model is used to simulate the artificially imposed three-phase short-circuit and the results are compared to the live grid test results, which were carried out in July 2009. The SICSFCL simulation model is verified effectively.

In particular, there are two situations where a low pressure breakdown in microwave devices can happens during the satellite lifetime: launching and returning. In order to increase the reliability of the TTC, and save the cost of design of the microwave devices considering the gas breakdown in low pressure, a three dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are conducted to measure the power-handing capability of arbitrary complex components based on coaxial waveguide. New cut-cell emission and absorption boundary algorithms implemented in the electromagnetic PIC code, VORPAL are utilized for this study.

Extreme-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDRPa) infection has emerged in our hematologic unit and is associated with increased mortality. Treatment options are limited, and infection prevention is currently the best option. We aimed to identify the risk factors for XDRPa infection in patients with hematologic malignancies to facilitate institution of stringent infection control measures.This was a retrospective matched case-control study (26 cases and 53 controls). XDRPa was detected using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression and conditional multivariate logistic regression using Stata MP10.Seventy-nine patients (49 males and 30 females; median age, 47 years; range, 16-79 years) were evaluated between December 2006 and December 2008. Independent predictors were use of carbapenem (odds ratio [OR], 10.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88-59.94; P.01), Foley catheter insertion (OR, 11.24; 95% CI, 1.075-117.62; P = .04), and bone marrow aspiration (OR, 16.41; 95% CI, 1.57-171.73; P = .02). PFGE revealed 4 patterns. These XDRPa infections were borderline susceptible or resistant to polymyxin B and resistant to all other classes of antibiotics. The infection-attributed mortality of XDRPa was 53%. The median duration of hospitalization was 41 days (range, 19-83 days) in cases after XDRPa isolation and 28 days (range, 5-97 days) in controls.The independent predictors for XDRPa infection were carbapenem use during the current admission, Foley catheter insertion, and bone marrow aspiration. More stringent infection control measures should be applied for patients with these predictors.

AIM: To identify the clinicopathological risk factors correlated with residual tumor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after resection. METHODS: From January 2001 to April 2007, 766 HCC patients who had undergone resection were included in this research. Lipiodol angiography was performed within 2 mo after surgery and followed by post-Lipiodol computed tomography (CT) 4 wk later for all 766 patients to monitor tumor in the remnant liver. Tumor detected within the first 3-mo postoperative period was defined as residual tumor. Patients were divided into 2 groups: disease or disease-free within the first 3 mo after surgery. Risk factors for residual tumor were investigated among various clinicopathological variables. RESULTS: A total of 63 (8.22%) patients were found to have residual tumor after surgery. Three independent factors associated with residual tumor were identified by multivariate analysis: preoperative serum α -fetoprotein (AFP) level [odds ratio (OR) = 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-2.36)], tumor size [OR = 1.73 (95% CI: 1.29-2.31)] and microvascular invasion [OR = 1.91 (95% CI: 1.12-3.24)]. CONCLUSION: Residual tumor is related to AFP level, tumor size and microvascular invasion. Patients at high risk should undergo closer follow-up and could be candidates for multimodality therapy.

In the process of ultrasonic flaw detection to friction welded joints, a number of weak-binding defects are difficult to be correctly detected due to noise pollution. This article studies the semi-soft threshold denoising method of spatial correlation coefficient based on the traditional spatial correlation coefficient de-noising method and threshold de-noising method, and come up with an improved airspace de-noising algorithm, which is used in the denoising of the defect signals. By comparing with hard thresholding, soft-threshold method and the traditional airspace algorithm on SNR and root mean square error, the detecting signals denoised by improved algorithm become more straight, and which better keep the sharp signal peak part of the curve about the original signals. So the identify characteristics of defect echo become more obvious, and we can get a smaller mean square error and the improved SNR of the reconstruction signals, which has the good de-noising effect and will lay a good foundation for the classification of defects next step.

The friction welding supersonic C scanned pictures will introduce the noise in process of gatherring and conversion, and the disturbance of the noise to the image effects image's quality, which brought the enormous difficulties for image characteristic information extraction and analysis. Therefore, this article will propose a denoising analysis method, which obtains the scanned picture to the experiment by using mathematics morphology, and then simulation compares its result with the median filter method and the wavelet threshold method. The result shows that in view of the Gauss noise, the effect of mathematics shape filtering algorithm denoising must surpass other two methods. Finally, we carry on image division to the denoising image by detecting, and through the analysis to area percentage which is obtained by segmentation, we can roughly judge the test sample's quality. It will provide a new mentality whether the specimen is conform to the industry use.

Because having many advantages, friction welding was applied widely in high-tech fields and industry section. But the existence of defeat will decrease the impact tenacity of joint evidently. A set of defect recognized system based on the compensatory fuzzy neural network of using wavelet and with fast algorithm. The ‘energy- defect’ method to extract eigenvalue was used firstly, then defect was classified and recognized by fuzzy neural network. The results of simulation shows that the model established by making use of this algorithm has higher efficiency, and the possibility of wrap in network minimum during the training process is smaller, which can compare to approach the precision utmost steadily and classification recognize the defect precision.

A new geometric optics model has been developed for the calculation of light scattering by a coated sphere, and the analytic expression for scattering is presented according to whether rays hit the core or not. The ray of various geometric optics approximation (GOA) terms is parameterized by the number of reflections in the coating/core interface, the coating/medium interface, and the number of chords in the core, with the degeneracy path and repeated path terms considered for the rays striking the core, which simplifies the calculation. For the ray missing the core, the various GOA terms are dealt with by a homogeneous sphere. The scattering intensity of coated particles are calculated and then compared with those of Debye series and Aden-Kerker theory. The consistency of the results proves the validity of the method proposed in this work.

A sodium beacon with bright magnitude can be obtained during backscattering time, by utilizing a long pulse laser with parameters matched with a sending and receiving beacon system. This is helpful to get high SNR in detecting beacon, and to achieve a closed-loop correction at high frequency. Based on a 450 mm telescope and a high-energy long pulse laser, the detection experiment of sodium beacon was carried out, and the backscattering characteristics of sodium beacon were obtained. The intensity data of backscattering light with different launching energy and polarization were collected by CCD and PMT. As high as ～15,000 photons/m2·pulse-1 of backscattering light was detected, and the brightness is close to 4.1 magnitudes during backscattering time. The column density in experiment was derived from analyzing and calculating experimental data. No saturation phenomenon was observed during the whole experimental process. And the feasibility to avoid saturation is verified and a bright sodium beacon is obtained by utilizing a long pulse laser.

For low-symmetry crystals that belong to 2 and m point groups, two kinds of nonlinear optical coefficients matrix were derived after the positive directions of the optical coordinate axes were defined with the aid of the piezoelectric coordinate axes. These two kinds of nonlinear optical coefficient matrix are the cause of the nonsymmetry of the effective nonlinear optical coefficients about the x, y, and z optical coordinate planes. For the corresponding wave vector k(theta,phi) in the Nth quadrant, the effective nonlinear optical coefficient expressions are d_eff^I=a_i^e2[d_ijk(omega3,omega2,omega1)]N+2^a_j^e1a_k^e1 (Type I) and d_eff^II=a_i^e2[d_ijk(omega3,omega2,omega1)]N+1^a_j^e1a_k^e2 (Type II), where N is the number of the quadrant. Only one kind of nonlinear optical coefficient matrix is the maximum effective nonlinear optical coefficient. It is necessary to find out which quadrant, in which the wave vector k(theta,phi) is located, corresponds to the maximum effective nonlinear optical coefficient.

We have studied the mutual action of the optical activity and the electro-optic effect and its influence on the electro-optic Q switch. The birefringence (g33/n_o)(Delta/n_o)^2 resulting from the mutual action is calculated. In the polarization-light interferometric experiment setup, the outgoing light intensity expression is given by I = A_0^2 cos^2 {[(pi/lambda)(g33/n_o)l - β] + (pi/lambda)[(−2Delta) + (g33/n_o)(Delta/n_o)^2]l} for the optically active crystal on which the voltage is applied. The influence on the electro-optic Q switch caused by the mutual action is discussed. Based on these discussion, we have designed a type of electro-optic Q switch by using the optically active crystal La3Ga5SiO14. This Q switch can behave as normally as those that are not optically active.

In this paper, the interaction between the optical activity and electr o_optic effect has been studied, and its influence on the electro_optic Q s witcher made of the optically active crystal has also been studied.

A new kind of electro-optic Q switch is designed by use of a La3Ga5SiQ14 (LGS) crystal. Because the LGS crystal is optically active, the Q switch is based on the consideration that the total rotation angle of the polarization plane is zero, whereas the polarized wave propagates through the Pockels cell back and forth, with the polarization plane gyration and electro-optic effect existing simultaneously. The LGS Q switch is a practical electro-optic device that can be used in medium output energy lasers to partially take the place of deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate and lithium niobate Q switches.

The nonlinear optical properties of a perfectly polarized KIO3 single crystal were investigated. The principal refractive indices and nonlinear optical coefficients have been measured. The results are as follows: n1 = 1.6967, n2 = 1.8329, n3 = 1.8358 for 0.5893 μm; d31 = 1.2|d31 (LiIO3)|, d32 = 1.8|d31 (LiIO3)|. The intensity of the frequency-doubled light of the KIO3 single crystal with 2.96 mm thickness is 1.2 times as large as that of the KTP single crystal with the same thickness.

Li2NH4(IO3)3 single crystal with dimension of 14×14×27mm3 has been grown by cooling method. The cell parameters measured by four-cycle diffractometer are: a=11.317A, b=11.066A, c=8.330A, β=111.25°. The infrared absorption spectrum, transmission curve and refractive index have also been measured for the first time.

The refractive indices of unpolarized KIO3 crystal in three different directions have been measured in the range of visible wavelength. The existence of type I phase matching surface in KIO3 crystal has been verified by experimental method. The optimum phase matching direc-tion in unpolarized KIO3 crystal has been found.

Under a Creative Commons license.-- Review.-- et al., Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of >personalized> oncology have achieved notablesuccesses in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targetedtherapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a fewdisease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistantimmortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are notreliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, aninternational task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity >broad-spectrum> therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspectsof relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a widerange of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For thesetargets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which werephytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed forknown effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procar-cinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixedevidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of therelationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. Thisnovel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types ofcancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for futureresearch is offered., Amr Amin was funded by Terry Fox Foundation Grant # TF-13-20 and UAEU Program for Advanced Research (UPAR) #31S118; Jack Arbiser was funded by NIHAR47901; Alexandra Arreola was funded by NIH NRSA Grant F31CA154080; Alla Arzumanyan was funded by NIH (NIAID) R01: Combination therapies for chronic HBV, liver disease, and cancer (AI076535); Work in the lab of Asfar S. Azmi is supported by NIH R21CA188818 as well as from Sky Foundation Inc. Michigan; Fabian Benencia was supported by NIH Grant R15 CA137499-01; Alan Bilsland was supported by the University of Glasgow, Beatson Oncology Centre Fund, CRUK (www.cancerresearchuk.org) Grant C301/A14762; Amancio Carnero was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, ISCIII (Fis: PI12/00137, RTICC: RD12/0036/0028) co-funded by FEDER from Regional Development European Funds (European Union), Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion (CTS-6844 and CTS-1848) and Consejeria de Salud of the Junta de Andalucia (PI-0135-2010 and PI-0306-2012). His work on this project has also been made possible thanks to the Grant PIE13/0004 co-funded by the ISCIII and FEDER funds; Stephanie C. Casey was supported by NIH Grant F32CA177139; Mrinmay Chakrabarti was supported by the United Soybean Board; Rupesh Chaturvedi was supported by an NIH NCCAM Grant (K01AT007324); Georgia Zhuo Chen was supported by an NIH NCI Grant (R33 CA161873-02); Helen Chen acknowledges financial support from the Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Foundation Graduate Studentship; Sophie Chen acknowledges financial support from the Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust, UK; Yi Charlie Chen acknowledges financial support from the West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission/Division of Science Research, his research was also supported by NIH grants (P20RR016477 and P20GM103434) from the National Institutes of Health awarded to the West Virginia IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence; Maria Rosa Ciriolo was partially supported by the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) Grants #IG10636 and #15403; Helen M. Coley acknowledges financial support from the GRACE Charity, UK and the Breast Cancer Campaign, UK; Marisa Connell was supported by a Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship; Sarah Crawford was supported by a research grant from Connecticut State University; Charlotta Dabrosin acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish Research Society; Giovanna Damia gratefully acknowledges the generous contributions of The Italian Association for Cancer Research (IG14536 to G.D.), Santanu Dasgupta gratefully acknowledges the support of the University of Texas Health Science Centre at Tyler, Elsa U. Pardee Foundation; William K. Decker was supported in part by CPRIT, the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas; Anna Mae E. Diehl was supported by NIH National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the NIH National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), Gilead and Shire Pharmaceuticals; Q. Ping Dou was partially supported by NIH/NCI (1R01CA20009, 5R01CA127258-05 and R21CA184788), and NIH P30 CA22453 (to Karmanos Cancer Institute); Janice E. Drew was supported by the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division; Eyad Elkord thanks the National Research Foundation, United Arab Emirates University and the Terry Fox Foundation for supporting research projects in his lab; Bassel El-Rayes was supported by Novartis Pharmaceutical, Aveo Pharmaceutical, Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Bayer Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, and Kyowa Kirin; Mark A. Feitelson was supported by NIH/NIAID Grant AI076535, Dean W. Felsher was supported by NIH grants (R01CA170378, U54CA149145, and U54CA143907); Lynnette R Ferguson was financially supported by the Auckland Cancer Society and the Cancer Society of New Zealand; Gary L. Firestone was supported by NIH Public Service Grant CA164095 awarded from the National Cancer Institute; Christian Frezza “would like to acknowledge funding from a Medical Research Council CCU-Program Grant on cancer metabolism, and a unique applicant AICR project grant”; Mark M. Fuster was supported by NIH Grant R01-HL107652; Alexandros G. Georgakilas was supported by an EU Marie Curie Reintegration Grant MC-CIG-303514, Greek National funds through the Operational Program ‘Educational and Lifelong Learning of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)-Research Funding Program THALES (Grant number MIS 379346) and COST Action CM1201 ‘Biomimetic Radical Chemistry’; Michelle F. Green was supported by a Duke University Molecular Cancer Biology T32 Training Grant; Brendan Grue was supported by a National Sciences Engineering and Research Council Undergraduate Student Research Award in Canada; Dorota Halicka was supported by by NIH NCI grant NCI RO1 28704; Petr Heneberg was supported by the Charles University in Prague projects UNCE 204015 and PRVOUK P31/2012, by the Czech Science Foundation projects 15-03834Y and P301/12/1686, by the Czech Health Research Council AZV project 15-32432A, and by the Internal Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic project NT13663-3/2012; Matthew D. Hirschey wishes to acknowledge Duke University Institutional Support, the Duke Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (OAIC) Program in Aging Research supported by the National Institute of Aging (P30AG028716-01) and NIH/NCI training grants to Duke University (T32-CA059365-19 and 5T32-CA059365), Lorne J. Hofseth was supported by NIH grants (1R01CA151304, 1R03CA1711326, and 1P01AT003961); Kanya Honoki was supported in part by the grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (No. 24590493); Hsue-Yin Hsu was supported in part by grants from the Ministry of Health and Welfare (CCMP101-RD-031 and CCMP102-RD-112) and Tzu-Chi University (61040055-10) of Taiwan; Lasse D. Jensen was supported by Svenska Sallskapet for Medicinsk Forskning, Gosta Fraenkels Stiftelse, Ak.e Wibergs Stiftelse, Ollie och Elof Ericssons Stiftelse, Linkopings Universitet and the Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Wen G. Jiang wishes to acknowledge the support by Cancer Research Wales, the Albert Hung Foundation, the Fong Family Foundation, and Welsh Government A4B scheme; Lee W. Jones was supported in part by grants from the NIH NCI; W Nicol Keith was supported by the University of Glasgow, Beatson Oncology Centre Fund, CRUK (www.cancerresearchuk.org) Grant C301/A14762; Sid P. Kerkar was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Program; Rob J. Kulathinal was supported by the National Science Foundation, and the American Cancer Society; Byoung S. Kwon was supported in part by National Cancer Center (NCC-1310430-2) and National Research Foundation (NRF-2005-0093837); Anne Le was supported by Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund Grant 80028595, a Lustgarten Fund Grant 90049125 and Grant NIHR21CA169757 (to Anne Le); Michael A. Lea was funded by the The Alma Toorock Memorial for Cancer Research; Ho-Young Lee., This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP), Republic of Korea (Nos. 2011-0017639 and 2011-0030001) and by a NIH Grant R01 CA100816; Liang-Tzung Lin was supported in part by a grant from the Ministry of Education of Taiwan (TMUTOP103005-4); Jason W. Locasale acknowledges support from NIH awards (CA168997 and AI110613) and the International Life Sciences Institute; Bal L. Lokeshwar was supported in part by United States’ Public Health Services Grants: NIH R01CA156776 and VA-BLR&D Merit Review Grant No. 5I01-BX001517-02; Valter D. Longo acknowledges support from NIH awards (P01AG034906 and R01AG020642) and from the V Foundation; Costas A. Lyssiotis was funded in part by the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network as a Pathway to Leadership Fellow and through a Dale F. Frey Breakthrough award from the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation; Karen L. MacKenzie wishes to acknowledge the support from the Children's Cancer Institute Australia (affiliated with the University of New South Wales, Australia and the Sydney Children's Hospital Network); Maria Marino was supported by grant from University Roma Tre to M.M. (CLA 2013) and by the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC-Grant #IG15221), Ander Matheu is funded by Carlos III Health Institute (AM: CP10/00539), Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE) and Marie Curie CIG Grant (AM: 2012/712404); Christopher Maxwell was supported by funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, in partnership with the Avon Foundation for Women (OBC-134038) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research New Investigator Salary Award (MSH-136647); Eoin McDonnell received Duke University Institutional Support; Kapil Mehta was supported by Bayer Healthcare System G4T (Grants4Targets); Gregory A. Michelotti received support from NIH NIDDK, NIH NIAAA, and Shire Pharmaceuticals; Vinayak Muralidhar was supported by the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Research Assistantship Award; Elena Niccolai was supported by the Italian Ministry of University and the University of Italy; Virginia R. Parslow gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre (ACSRC); Graham Pawelec was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) Grant number 16SV5536K, and by the European Commission (FP7 259679 “IDEAL”); Peter L. Pedersen was supported by NIH Grant CA-10951; Brad Poore was supported by Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund Grant 80028595, the Lustgarten Fund Grant 90049125, and Grant NIHR21CA169757 (to Anne Le); Satya Prakash was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Grant (MOP 64308); Lizzia Raffaghello was supported by an NIH Grant (P01AG034906-01A1) and Cinque per Mille dell’IRPEF–Finanziamento della Ricerca Sanitaria; Jeffrey C. Rathmell was supported by an NIH Grant (R01HL108006); Swapan K. Ray was supported by the United Soybean Board; Domenico Ribatti received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under Grant agreement n°278570; Luigi Ricciardiello was supported by the AIRC Investigator Grants 10216 and 13837, and the European Community's Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007–2013 under Grant agreement 311876; Francis Rodier acknowledges the support of the Canadian Institute for Health Research (FR: MOP114962, MOP125857), Fonds de Recherche Québec Santé (FR: 22624), and the Terry Fox Research Institute (FR: 1030), Gian Luigi Russo contributed to this effort while participating in the Fulbright Research Scholar Program 2013–14; Isidro Sanchez-Garcia is partially supported by FEDER and by MICINN (SAF2012-32810), by NIH Grant (R01 CA109335-04A1), by Junta de Castilla y León (BIO/SA06/13) and by the ARIMMORA project (FP7-ENV-2011, European Union Seventh Framework Program). Isidro Sanchez-Garcia's lab is also a member of the EuroSyStem and the DECIDE Network funded by the European Union under the FP7 program; Andrew J. Sanders wishes to acknowledge the support by Cancer Research Wales, the Albert Hung Foundation, the Fong Family Foundation, and Welsh Government A4B scheme; Neeraj K. Saxena was supported by grant funding from NIH NIDDK (K01DK077137, R03DK089130); Dipali Sharma was partially funded by NIH NCI grants (R01CA131294, R21 CA155686), the Avon Foundation and a Breast Cancer Research Foundation Grant (90047965); Markus David Siegelin received funding from National Institute of Health, NINDS Grant K08NS083732, and the 2013 AACR-National Brain Tumor Society Career Development Award for Translational Brain Tumor Research, Grant Number 13-20-23-SIEG; Neetu Singh was supported by funds from the Department of Science and Technology (SR/FT/LS-063/2008), New Delhi, India; Carl Smythe was supported by Yorkshire Cancer Research and The Wellcome Trust, UK; Carmela Spagnuolo was supported by funding from Project C.I.S.I.A., act n. 191/2009 from the Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance Project CAMPUS-QUARC, within program FESR Campania Region 2007/2013, objectives 2.1, 2.2; Diana M. Stafforini was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (5P01CA073992), IDEA Award W81XWH-12-1-0515 from the Department of Defense, and by the Huntsman Cancer Foundation; John Stagg was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Pochi R. Subbarayan was supported by the University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) Pilot Research Grant (CTSI-2013-P03) and SEEDS You Choose Awards; Phuoc T. Tran was funded by the DoD (W81XWH-11-1-0272 and W81XWH-13-1-0182), a Kimmel Translational Science Award (SKF-13-021), an ACS Scholar award (122688-RSG-12-196-01-TBG) and the NIH (R01CA166348); Kathryn E. Wellen receives funding from the National Cancer Institute, Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, Pew Charitable Trusts, American Diabetes Association, and Elsa U. Pardee Foundation; Huanjie Yang was partially supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Oversea Scholars, State Education Ministry and Scientific and Technological Innovation Project, Harbin (2012RFLXS011), Paul Yaswen was supported by funding from the United States National Institutes of Health (ES019458) and the California Breast Cancer Research Program (17UB-8708); Clement Yedjou was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (Grant # G1200MD007581), through the RCMI-Center for Environmental Health; Xin Yin was supported by NIH/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Training Grant T32HL098062.; Jiyue Zhu was supported by NIH Grant R01GM071725; Massimo Zollo was supported by the European FP7-TuMIC HEALTH-F2-2008-201662, the Italian Association for Cancer research (AIRC) Grant IG # 11963 and the Regione Campania L.R:N.5, the European National Funds PON01-02388/1 2007-2013.