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With the official arrival of the "Internet + Education" era, emerging information technology is widely used in the field of education. The production and distribution of information have gradually changed the traditional information flow. Based on the thinking and reflection on online learning, the change the traditional concept of hybrid teaching, creatively proposes a new model of Internet + hybrid teaching. The purpose of this article is to study the online and offline hybrid teaching mode of college English under the Internet environment. This article builds and designs the model of online and offline hybrid teaching of college English under the background of "Internet+". The operation process of each module is carefully and concretely designed, so that the Internet is closely integrated with the teaching process, and each stage is cyclically operated to design a closed-loop college English education ecosystem for online and offline development. In view of the shortcomings of traditional evaluation methods and the learning status of learners under the blended learning model, this paper makes a meaningful exploration of the improvement of multiple evaluation methods. This article proposes an evaluation system that is more suitable for mixed teaching mode. From the perspective of students, this article investigates the shortcomings of traditional assessment methods and the current situation of students' learning, and proposes suggestions and enlightenments on the implementation of multiple assessment methods under mixed teaching mode. Experimental research shows that more than 84% of learners learn online almost every day, and 78% of learners can actively participate in online forum discussions. This shows that most learners have a correct attitude towards online learning, recognize online learning methods, and follow up in time online learning.

K9 glass is an important optical element of the high energy laser system. In an attempt to investigate the variation of optical properties of K9 glass before and after laser induced damage, based on the transmission terahertz time-domain spectral system, the undamaged and the damaged K9 glasses induced by laser were tested to obtain the terahertz time-domain and frequency-domain spectra and the refractive index and absorption coefficient of the samples were calculated in terahertz band for further analysis. Results show that with the increase of laser energy, from the undamaged to the damaged K9 glasses to different extent, the peak to peak value in time domain and the amplitude value in frequency domain present a decreasing trend in varying degrees, and in the 0.4 ∼ 0.5 THz band, the absorption coefficient increases continuously with a slight change of refractive index, which indicates that K9 glass not only appears the melting and fracture in the macroscopic morphology after laser-induced damage, but also forms non-bridged oxygen atoms in its microstructure with more ion bonds and free electrons and the change of ion polarization. In this regard, this paper provides a technical basis for exploring the micro characteristics of K9 glass after laser-induced damage, and lays a good foundation for the application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to laser-induced damage analysis.

In this letter, we show that the high gain (HG) operation of gallium arsenide photoconductive semiconductor switches can be achieved with an excitation energy as low as 24.3 nano-joules. The bias electric field is 78 kV/cm, and the corresponding current is 32.5 A. The concept of a multiplication rate is proposed to understand the avalanche and multiplication level in the HG operation.

Total intracranial volume (TIV) is often used as a measure of brain size to correct for individual variability in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based morphometric studies. An adjustment of TIV can greatly increase the statistical power of brain morphometry methods. As such, an accurate and precise TIV estimation is of great importance in MRI studies. In this paper, we compared three automated TIV estimation methods (multi-atlas likelihood fusion (MALF), Statistical Parametric Mapping 8 (SPM8) and FreeSurfer (FS)) using longitudinal T1-weighted MR images in a cohort of 70 older participants at elevated sociodemographic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Statistical group comparisons in terms of four different metrics were performed. Furthermore, sex, education level, and intervention status were investigated separately for their impacts on the TIV estimation performance of each method. According to our experimental results, MALF was the least susceptible to atrophy, while SPM8 and FS suffered a loss in precision. In group-wise analysis, MALF was the least sensitive method to group variation, whereas SPM8 was particularly sensitive to sex and FS was unstable with respect to education level. In terms of effectiveness, both MALF and SPM8 delivered a user-friendly performance, while FS was relatively computationally intensive.

This letter reports the temperature-dependence of high-gain operation in semi-insulating GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switches at 1.6 $\mu \text{J}$ laser diode excitation. Under the excitation of two different spot patterns, the electric field threshold for high-gain operation is investigated by varying the temperature. In addition, the switching characteristics dependence on temperature are also studied under the perpendicular spot excitation.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine consumers' perception of brand functions in an emerging market: China. The study also aims to investigate the impact of brand functions on brand loyalty.Design/methodology/approachA two‐phase study was conducted. The first phase consisted of 15 personal in‐depth interviews while the structured questionnaires were used to collect data in the second stage and a total of 256 consumers participated in this study.FindingsThe study finds general support that consumer perceives both utilitarian and expressive functions of the brand. Specifically, the results of the research show that for Chinese consumers, brands accomplish various functions such as “recall of past experiences”, “quality sign” and “identify”. Moreover, “recall of past experiences” is a unique brand function for Chinese consumers and has a positive impact on brand loyalty.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to shed light on examining consumer perceptions of brand functions in the Chinese market.

This article explores Chinese consumers' perception of brand functions. The results show that brands accomplish various functions, such as “recall of past experiences”, “quality and guarantee” and “identity and status”. In particular, “recall of past experiences” is a brand function unique to Chinese consumers and has a positive impact on brand loyalty. The “continuity” of Chinese culture is suggested to explain this particularity.

Among all the types of distributors who play different roles in the vegetables and fruits distribution system, farmer middlemen have attracted increasing attention. Farmer middlemen, who hold more than 80% of the market in strawberry distribution in Jiande Strawberry Wholesale Market located in Xutang village, have fulfilled a very important function in the distribution process. The paper takes farmer middlemen in this village as a case study to clarify their types and highlight their function through systematically analyzing their business activities. Farmer middlemen's limitations and development tendency are also analyzed in the end.

The correct monitoring of thin-film thickness is one of the main problems during the course of optical thin-film component manufacture, in recent years, the method which is spectrum intensity measurement of thin-film component for controlling thin-film thickness has been one of the most effective methods. When this method is used Chow spectrum intensity is real-time, correctly measured is critical. Compared with the conventional method which is mechanical scanning by stepper motor driving the grating of monochromator and receiving by photoelectrical multiplier tube, in structure, the author combines the grating spectrometer with the linear CCD, which makes the problem of spectrum intensity real-time measurement better solved, the result is satisfied. In this paper, the structure of system affecting the spectrum intensity measurement accuracy is analyzed, By experiment, the relative parameters are determined, the spectrum wavelength is calibrated, root-mean-square error is 0.234nm, which is up to the requirement of monitoring wavelength resolution in the course of thin-film deposition; The algorithm is used for the real-time compensation of spectrum intensity measurement data, which make the effect of CCD photoelectrical response non-uniformity and nonlinear less; By changing the integral time magnitude, the rate of signal to noise of the spectrum signal is improved, it satisfies the requirement of real-time thin film thickness control.